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  1. Article ; Online: Management of status epilepticus: a narrative review.

    Migdady, I / Rosenthal, E S / Cock, H R

    Anaesthesia

    2021  Volume 77 Suppl 1, Page(s) 78–91

    Abstract: Status epilepticus causes prolonged or repetitive seizures that, if left untreated, can lead to neuronal injury, severe disability, coma and death in paediatric and adult populations. While convulsive status epilepticus can be diagnosed using clinical ... ...

    Abstract Status epilepticus causes prolonged or repetitive seizures that, if left untreated, can lead to neuronal injury, severe disability, coma and death in paediatric and adult populations. While convulsive status epilepticus can be diagnosed using clinical features alone, non-convulsive status epilepticus requires confirmation by electroencephalogram. Early seizure control remains key in preventing the complications of status epilepticus. This is especially true for convulsive status epilepticus, which has stronger evidence supporting the benefit of treatment on outcomes. When status epilepticus becomes refractory, often due to gamma-aminobutyric acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulation, anaesthetic drugs are needed to suppress seizure activity, of which there is limited evidence regarding the selection, dose or duration of their use. Seizure monitoring with electroencephalogram is often needed when patients do not return to baseline or during anaesthetic wean; however, it is resource-intensive, costly, only available in highly specialised centres and has not been shown to improve functional outcomes. Thus, the treatment goals and aggressiveness of therapy remain under debate, especially for non-convulsive status epilepticus, where prolonged therapeutic coma can lead to severe complications. This review presents an evidence-based, clinically-oriented and comprehensive review of status epilepticus and its definitions, aetiologies, treatments, outcomes and prognosis at different stages of the patient's journey.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthetics/pharmacology ; Anesthetics/therapeutic use ; Anticonvulsants/pharmacology ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Disease Management ; Electroencephalography/drug effects ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Evidence-Based Medicine/methods ; Humans ; Status Epilepticus/drug therapy ; Status Epilepticus/surgery
    Chemical Substances Anesthetics ; Anticonvulsants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80033-8
    ISSN 1365-2044 ; 0003-2409
    ISSN (online) 1365-2044
    ISSN 0003-2409
    DOI 10.1111/anae.15606
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  2. Article ; Online: Labour productivity

    Cock, James H. / Prager, Steven D. / Meinke, Holger / Echeverria, Ruben

    Agricultural Systems

    The forgotten yield gap

    2023  

    Abstract: ... who produce the food. We suggest R&D policies should pay more attention to enhanced labour productivity ...

    Abstract Crop yields and labour productivity have increased markedly over the past 70 years. In agriculturally advanced countries, increases in labour productivity – that is, increases in the economic output per unit of labour input – have been several-fold greater than corresponding increases in yield. The gap in labour productivity between the Global North and the Global South is now much greater than the yield gap. This large labour productivity gap, unless remedied, will: (i) condemn many farmers in the Global South to live in poverty; and (ii) make them less competitive and force them to follow the well-established trend of exiting farming altogether, which (iii) will contribute to greater dependence on imported food in many countries. Despite this situation, agricultural development agencies tend to emphasise biological yield per unit area to satisfy the increasing demand for more nutritious and varied food products. Policies are skewed towards low-cost food for urbanites, often with benign neglect of the welfare of the rural populace, particularly the women who produce the food. We suggest R&D policies should pay more attention to enhanced labour productivity, while not neglecting increased yield, to meet the dual needs of food for the overall population and prosperity in rural areas. Many technology-based interventions exist to increase labour productivity, nevertheless, single technological fixes are unlikely to bring about major changes. Furthermore, the adoption of new technologies and novel enterprises required to increase labour productivity, particularly those related to high value crops for farmers with limited access to land, depends on an inclusive innovation systems approach. Policies are needed that support the development of new enterprises, soft infrastructure, a stronger industrial base and inclusive partnerships with education providers such as universities, research centres, secondary and tertiary education facilities. This is not to say that producers in the Global South should follow the ...
    Keywords labour productivity ; development policies ; research policies ; rural poverty ; políticas de investigación ; productividad del trabajo ; política de desarrollo
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-16T13:32:45Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing country fr
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A Case of Bovine Linear Keratosis.

    Deprez, P / Cock, H DE / Sustronck, B / Muylle, E / Ducatelle, R

    Veterinary dermatology

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 45–49

    Abstract: ... des lésions macro et microscopiques. [Deprez, P., De Coole, H., Sustronk, B., Muille, E., Ducatelle, R. A case ...

    Abstract Résumé- Cet article décrit un cas de nevus épidermique linéaire unilatéral chez un veau de six mois. Histologiquement, les lésions consistaient en une alternance de zones d'hiper et de parakératose avec une inflammation dermique distincte. Le diagnostic de nevus linéaire inflammatoire a été posé sur la base des lésions macro et microscopiques. [Deprez, P., De Coole, H., Sustronk, B., Muille, E., Ducatelle, R. A case of bovine linear keratosis (A propos d'un cas de kératose linéaire chez un bovin). Resumen- En este artículo se describe un caso de nevos epidérmicos lineares unilaterales en un bo vino de seis meses de edad. Las lesiones histológicas consistian zonas donde se alternaba hiper i paraqueratosis, mientras que la dermis presentaba una marcada inflamación. Se diagnosticó un nevo epidérmico verrucoso linear e inflamatorio a partir de las lesiones clinicas e histopatológicas [A case of bovine linear keratosis (Un caso de queratosis linear bovina). Abstract- This report describes a case of unilateral linear epidermal nevi in a 6-month-old bovine. Histologicalli, the lesions consisted of alternating areas of hiper- and parakeratosis with a distinct dermal inflammation. A diagnosis of inflammatori linear verrucous epidermal nevus was made based on the clinical and histopathological lesions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2011122-8
    ISSN 1365-3164 ; 0959-4493
    ISSN (online) 1365-3164
    ISSN 0959-4493
    DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3164.1995.tb00040.x
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  4. Article ; Online: Partial endorsement of: "Video-polysomnography procedures for diagnosis of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and the identification of its prodromal stages: Guidelines from the International RBD Study Group" by the World Sleep Society.

    Schenck, Carlos H / Cochen de Cock, Valérie / Lewis, Simon J G / Tachibana, Naoko / Kushida, Clete / Ferri, Raffaele

    Sleep medicine

    2023  Volume 110, Page(s) 137–145

    Abstract: Updated guidelines for the video-polysomnography (vPSG) procedures for diagnosing rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and the identification of its prodromal stages have recently been proposed by the Neurophysiology Working Group of the ... ...

    Abstract Updated guidelines for the video-polysomnography (vPSG) procedures for diagnosing rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and the identification of its prodromal stages have recently been proposed by the Neurophysiology Working Group of the International RBD Study Group (IRBDSG). These guidelines were selected for review by a World Sleep Society (WSS) Parasomnias Task Force and the WSS International Sleep Medicine Guidelines Committee. A survey was completed by sleep society leaders and prominent sleep clinicians and researchers in 31 WSS member countries across six continents, focused on sleep technologist training and certification; extent of public/private health insurance coverage for the vPSG evaluation of RBD; extent of hospital-based sleep-technologist-attended overnight vPSG studies; availability of video during PSG studies; and sufficient specification of PSG machines to record and analyze REM sleep without atonia. The findings from this survey indicated that most health systems and medical communities across WSS member countries would not be capable of implementing the proposed more stringent guidelines, which would then strongly interfere with the diagnosis of RBD in a large portion of patients who would not be able to receive the required (often repeated) vPSG evaluation. Therefore, the WSS can only partially endorse the updated guidelines and concludes that the current International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3rd edition diagnostic criteria for RBD should still be retained as the standard reference for the diagnosis of RBD, and that further discussion across all members of the IRBDSG should take place to ensure the feasibility of any future proposed changes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder/diagnosis ; Polysomnography ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Sleep ; Parasomnias
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2012041-2
    ISSN 1878-5506 ; 1389-9457
    ISSN (online) 1878-5506
    ISSN 1389-9457
    DOI 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.07.012
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    Zs.A 5315: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 635: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: More than seizures: improving the lives of people with refractory epilepsy.

    Mula, M / Cock, H R

    European journal of neurology

    2015  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 24–30

    Abstract: As captured by the proposed new definition, epilepsy is increasingly recognized as a disorder characterized not only by an enduring predisposition to recurrent seizures but explicitly also by the neurobiological, cognitive, psychological and social ... ...

    Abstract As captured by the proposed new definition, epilepsy is increasingly recognized as a disorder characterized not only by an enduring predisposition to recurrent seizures but explicitly also by the neurobiological, cognitive, psychological and social consequences of this condition. Further, both in the estimated 15 million people worldwide who have ongoing seizures despite optimal management and in a substantial proportion of those in remission, the consequences and comorbidities of epilepsy are the major determinants of quality of life. These include mood disorders such as anxiety and depression, dose related and longer term effects of antiepileptic drugs, including on prenatal development and bone health, and neurobehavioural effects. Whilst separating those that are part of an underlying condition or have unrelated contributors from those that are potentially remediable can be difficult, given the range of tools now available to assist with screening and management there is no excuse for not at least trying as part of standard care for people with epilepsy. Managing epilepsy well is about much more than controlling seizures and this needs to be recognized in planning and delivering services, as well as in prioritizing research.
    MeSH term(s) Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Cognition Disorders/etiology ; Epilepsy/complications ; Epilepsy/epidemiology ; Epilepsy/psychology ; Epilepsy/therapy ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/etiology ; Quality of Life
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.12603
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    Zs.A 4738: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 592: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Signatures of Transcription Factor Evolution and the Secondary Gain of Red Algae Complexity.

    Petroll, Romy / Schreiber, Mona / Finke, Hermann / Cock, J Mark / Gould, Sven B / Rensing, Stefan A

    Genes

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 7

    Abstract: Red algae (Rhodophyta) belong to the superphylum Archaeplastida, and are a species-rich group exhibiting diverse morphologies. Theory has it that the unicellular red algal ancestor went through a phase of genome contraction caused by adaptation to ... ...

    Abstract Red algae (Rhodophyta) belong to the superphylum Archaeplastida, and are a species-rich group exhibiting diverse morphologies. Theory has it that the unicellular red algal ancestor went through a phase of genome contraction caused by adaptation to extreme environments. More recently, the classes Porphyridiophyceae, Bangiophyceae, and Florideophyceae experienced genome expansions, coinciding with an increase in morphological complexity. Transcription-associated proteins (TAPs) regulate transcription, show lineage-specific patterns, and are related to organismal complexity. To better understand red algal TAP complexity and evolution, we investigated the TAP family complement of uni- and multi-cellular red algae. We found that the TAP family complement correlates with gain of morphological complexity in the multicellular Bangiophyceae and Florideophyceae, and that abundance of the C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor family may be associated with the acquisition of morphological complexity. An expansion of heat shock transcription factors (HSF) occurred within the unicellular Cyanidiales, potentially as an adaption to extreme environmental conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation ; Genome ; Phylogeny ; Rhodophyta/chemistry ; Rhodophyta/classification ; Rhodophyta/genetics ; Rhodophyta/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2527218-4
    ISSN 2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
    ISSN (online) 2073-4425
    ISSN 2073-4425
    DOI 10.3390/genes12071055
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  7. Article ; Online: Valproate, women, and exceptional circumstances.

    Angus-Leppan, Heather / Shankar, Rohit / Cock, Hannah

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2018  Volume 362, Page(s) k3625

    MeSH term(s) Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage ; Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data ; Drug Utilization/trends ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy/drug effects ; Teratogenesis ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Valproic Acid/administration & dosage ; Valproic Acid/adverse effects ; Valproic Acid/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants ; Valproic Acid (614OI1Z5WI)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj.k3625
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  8. Article ; Online: Trends in TB and HIV care and treatment cascade, Kenya, 2008-2018.

    Weyenga, H / Onyango, E / Katana, A K / Pathmanathan, I / Sidibe, K / Shah, N S / Ngugi, E W / Waruingi, R N / Ng Ang A, L / De Cock, K M

    The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

    2022  Volume 26, Issue 7, Page(s) 623–628

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    MeSH term(s) HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kenya/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-19
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1385624-8
    ISSN 1815-7920 ; 1027-3719
    ISSN (online) 1815-7920
    ISSN 1027-3719
    DOI 10.5588/ijtld.21.0408
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    Zs.MO 261: Show issues

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  9. Article ; Online: Successful treatment of super-refractory tonic status epilepticus with rufinamide: First clinical report.

    Thompson, A G B / Cock, H R

    Seizure

    2016  Volume 39, Page(s) 1–4

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage ; Anticonvulsants/pharmacology ; Drug Resistant Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Status Epilepticus/drug therapy ; Triazoles/administration & dosage ; Triazoles/pharmacology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants ; Triazoles ; rufinamide (WFW942PR79)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1137610-7
    ISSN 1532-2688 ; 1059-1311
    ISSN (online) 1532-2688
    ISSN 1059-1311
    DOI 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.04.003
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  10. Article ; Online: The polysomnographic diagnosis of REM sleep behavior disorder: to change or not to change, that is the question.

    Ferri, Raffaele / Lewis, Simon J G / De Cock, Valérie Cochen / Tachibana, Naoko / Kushida, Clete A / Schenck, Carlos H

    Sleep

    2022  Volume 46, Issue 1

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder/diagnosis ; Sleep, REM ; Electromyography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 424441-2
    ISSN 1550-9109 ; 0161-8105
    ISSN (online) 1550-9109
    ISSN 0161-8105
    DOI 10.1093/sleep/zsac261
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