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  1. Article ; Online: Integrating Public and Population Health Into Medical Education Curricula: Opportunities and Challenges for Reform.

    Mehta, Shobha H / Shah, Nirav R

    Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

    2023  Volume 98, Issue 12, Page(s) 1348–1350

    Abstract: Abstract: In a review of U.S. medical education curricular guidance, from premedical studies through to continuing medical education, Maeshiro and colleagues found limited examples of public and population health topics. In this Commentary, the authors ... ...

    Abstract Abstract: In a review of U.S. medical education curricular guidance, from premedical studies through to continuing medical education, Maeshiro and colleagues found limited examples of public and population health topics. In this Commentary, the authors emphasize the importance of including public and population health in the curriculum, pointing to curricular reform efforts to integrate these topics into teaching of basic sciences and clinical studies. In addition, they consider the expectations placed on physicians to meet the needs of the population and argue that policies that support public health funding, infrastructure, and workers are also critical to improving the health of communities.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical ; Population Health ; Public Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 96192-9
    ISSN 1938-808X ; 1040-2446
    ISSN (online) 1938-808X
    ISSN 1040-2446
    DOI 10.1097/ACM.0000000000005469
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  2. Article ; Online: Unpaid Family Caregiving-The Next Frontier of Gender Equity in a Postpandemic Future.

    Stall, Nathan M / Shah, Nirav R / Bhushan, Devika

    JAMA health forum

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) e231310

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gender Equity ; Caregivers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2689-0186
    ISSN (online) 2689-0186
    DOI 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.1310
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  3. Article ; Online: Health Care in 2030: Will Artificial Intelligence Replace Physicians?

    Shah, Nirav R

    Annals of internal medicine

    2019  Volume 170, Issue 6, Page(s) 407–408

    MeSH term(s) Artificial Intelligence ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Physician's Role ; Primary Health Care/trends
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/M19-0344
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  4. Article ; Online: Diagnostic Excellence and Patient Safety: Strategies and Opportunities.

    Shah, Nirav R / Gandhi, Tejal K / Bates, David W

    JAMA

    2022  Volume 327, Issue 24, Page(s) 2391–2392

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2022.9629
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  5. Article ; Online: Continuous monitoring of eating and sleeping behaviors in the home environments of older adults: a case study demonstration.

    Narayan, Aditya / Goncharova, Margo / Goncharov, Max / Gostine, Andrew / Shah, Nirav R / Kaplan, Robert M

    Frontiers in public health

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) 1277714

    Abstract: Accurate observation of patient functioning is necessary for rigorous clinical research and for improving the quality of patient care. However, clinic or laboratory environments systematically differ from the contexts of everyday life. Further, ... ...

    Abstract Accurate observation of patient functioning is necessary for rigorous clinical research and for improving the quality of patient care. However, clinic or laboratory environments systematically differ from the contexts of everyday life. Further, assessments that are completed in a single institutional session may not be generalizable. Here, we describe a computer vision methodology that measures human functioning continuously in the environments where patients live, sleep, and eat.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Activities of Daily Living ; Home Environment ; Sleep
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1277714
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  6. Article ; Online: Continuous monitoring of eating and sleeping behaviors in the home environments of older adults

    Aditya Narayan / Margo Goncharova / Max Goncharov / Andrew Gostine / Nirav R. Shah / Robert M. Kaplan

    Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

    a case study demonstration

    2024  Volume 11

    Abstract: Accurate observation of patient functioning is necessary for rigorous clinical research and for improving the quality of patient care. However, clinic or laboratory environments systematically differ from the contexts of everyday life. Further, ... ...

    Abstract Accurate observation of patient functioning is necessary for rigorous clinical research and for improving the quality of patient care. However, clinic or laboratory environments systematically differ from the contexts of everyday life. Further, assessments that are completed in a single institutional session may not be generalizable. Here, we describe a computer vision methodology that measures human functioning continuously in the environments where patients live, sleep, and eat.
    Keywords computer vision ; activities of daily living ; aging in place seniors ; artifical inteligence ; digital health ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Predicting Environmental Allergies from Real World Data Through a Mobile Study Platform.

    Sarabu, Chethan / Steyaert, Sandra / Shah, Nirav R

    Journal of asthma and allergy

    2021  Volume 14, Page(s) 259–264

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-18
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2494877-9
    ISSN 1178-6965
    ISSN 1178-6965
    DOI 10.2147/JAA.S292336
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  8. Article ; Online: Improving value for underserved populations with a community-based intervention

    Claude Pinnock / John Rothen / Tom Carlough / Nirav R. Shah

    Archives of Public Health, Vol 81, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a retrospective cohort study

    2023  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract Background Healthcare inequity drives high costs, worse outcomes and is heavily influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Addressing health behaviors and SDOH through a culturally competent community-based exposure may be effective in ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Healthcare inequity drives high costs, worse outcomes and is heavily influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Addressing health behaviors and SDOH through a culturally competent community-based exposure may be effective in improving value for Medicaid enrollees. This study aims to evaluate whether such an exposure lowers costs at equal or improved quality. Methods A retrospective cohort study leveraging claims data was conducted in Detroit, Michigan from April 2021 to April 2022 to examine the impact of a community-based peer support program on clinical, utilization and financial outcomes. A one-to-one propensity matching of 738 pairs of African American Medicaid enrollees was generated, and compared the difference of differences between inpatient, emergency department, prescription and outpatient paid amounts, utilization, and available claims-based quality metrics. Results Compared to controls, peer support recipients generated significantly lower per member per month costs ($115, (95% CI $20.2 to $210)). Recipients showed a significant increase in the Adult Access to Preventative/Ambulatory Health Services 20–44 year old quality metric (8.31% (95% CI 0.35–16.3%)). Member retention in the health insurance plan was significantly higher for peer support recipients vs. the control group by 3.62% (p < 0.05). Peer support recipients displayed non-significant improvement on all other utilization and actuarial measures. No significant difference was found for any of the other examined quality metrics. Conclusions Among a population of African American Medicaid enrollees, a culturally competent community-based intervention was associated with lower cost and better member retention with preserved or improved quality.
    Keywords Social Determinants of Health ; Inequity ; Community based health ; Closing gaps ; Member outcomes ; Lower costs ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Improving value for underserved populations with a community-based intervention: a retrospective cohort study.

    Pinnock, Claude / Rothen, John / Carlough, Tom / Shah, Nirav R

    Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique

    2023  Volume 81, Issue 1, Page(s) 96

    Abstract: Background: Healthcare inequity drives high costs, worse outcomes and is heavily influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Addressing health behaviors and SDOH through a culturally competent community-based exposure may be effective in ... ...

    Abstract Background: Healthcare inequity drives high costs, worse outcomes and is heavily influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Addressing health behaviors and SDOH through a culturally competent community-based exposure may be effective in improving value for Medicaid enrollees. This study aims to evaluate whether such an exposure lowers costs at equal or improved quality.
    Methods: A retrospective cohort study leveraging claims data was conducted in Detroit, Michigan from April 2021 to April 2022 to examine the impact of a community-based peer support program on clinical, utilization and financial outcomes. A one-to-one propensity matching of 738 pairs of African American Medicaid enrollees was generated, and compared the difference of differences between inpatient, emergency department, prescription and outpatient paid amounts, utilization, and available claims-based quality metrics.
    Results: Compared to controls, peer support recipients generated significantly lower per member per month costs ($115, (95% CI $20.2 to $210)). Recipients showed a significant increase in the Adult Access to Preventative/Ambulatory Health Services 20-44 year old quality metric (8.31% (95% CI 0.35-16.3%)). Member retention in the health insurance plan was significantly higher for peer support recipients vs. the control group by 3.62% (p < 0.05). Peer support recipients displayed non-significant improvement on all other utilization and actuarial measures. No significant difference was found for any of the other examined quality metrics.
    Conclusions: Among a population of African American Medicaid enrollees, a culturally competent community-based intervention was associated with lower cost and better member retention with preserved or improved quality.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1117688-x
    ISSN 2049-3258 ; 0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
    ISSN (online) 2049-3258
    ISSN 0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
    DOI 10.1186/s13690-023-01117-z
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  10. Article ; Online: A Brief History of Exposure Notification During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, 2020-2021.

    Bair, Henry / Wanger, Jenny D / Shah, Nirav R

    Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

    2022  Volume 137, Issue 2_suppl, Page(s) 23S–28S

    Abstract: The swift global spread of COVID-19 prompted public health authorities to explore digital technologies to aid in contact tracing for infection control. Exposure notification, a mobile device-based technology that notifies individuals of potential ... ...

    Abstract The swift global spread of COVID-19 prompted public health authorities to explore digital technologies to aid in contact tracing for infection control. Exposure notification, a mobile device-based technology that notifies individuals of potential exposure to COVID-19 without requiring personally identifiable information, has been broadly favored because of its relative ease of use, scalability, and protection of personal privacy. Although several exposure notification protocols were developed, a partnership between Google and Apple led to the development of the most widely implemented exposure notification protocol in the world, including in the United States. In this article, we first describe the development of the Google Apple Exposure Notification (GAEN) protocol, noting the value of the discourse among software developers and public health authorities concerning the protocol's design and features. We track states' deployment of GAEN mobile applications (apps) and population-level adoption rates, finding the nationwide rollout of GAEN apps to be more fragmented than anticipated. We then discuss how the limited data collected from these apps make assessments of their effectiveness challenging. Finally, we consider the importance of the federal government playing a greater role in GAEN's early development, emphasize the power of public-private partnerships, and highlight the overriding importance of public messaging over technological details.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Disease Notification ; Contact Tracing/methods ; Mobile Applications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120953-x
    ISSN 1468-2877 ; 0033-3549
    ISSN (online) 1468-2877
    ISSN 0033-3549
    DOI 10.1177/00333549221099533
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