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Article ; Online: Review: Other Helicobacter species.

Smet, Annemieke / Menard, Armelle

2020 Volume 25 Suppl 1, Page(s) e12744

Abstract: This review covers the most important, accessible, and relevant literature published between April 2019 and April 2020 in the field of non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH). The initial part of the review covers new insights regarding the ... ...

Abstract	This review covers the most important, accessible, and relevant literature published between April 2019 and April 2020 in the field of non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH). The initial part of the review covers new insights regarding the presence of gastric and enterohepatic NHPH in humans and animals, while the subsequent section focuses on the progress in our understanding of animal models, the pathogenicity and omics of these species. Over the last year, the clinical relevance of gastric NHPH infections in humans was highlighted. With regard to NHPH in animals, the ancestral source of Helicobacter suis was further established showing that Cynomolgus macaques are the common ancestor of the pig-associated H. suis population, and 3 novel Helicobacter species isolated from the gastric mucosa of red foxes were described. "Helicobacter burdigaliensis" sp nov. and "Helicobacter labetoulli" sp nov. were proposed as novel enterohepatic Helicobacter species associated with human digestive diseases. An analysis of Helicobacter cinaedi recurrent infections in humans proposed long-term antibiotic therapies. Several studies using rodent models further elucidated the mechanisms underlying the development of NHPH-related disease, as well as intestinal immunity in inflammatory bowel disease models. Omics approaches supported Helicobacteraceae taxonomy and unraveled the transcriptomic signatures of H. suis and Helicobacter heilmannii upon adherence to the human gastric epithelium. With regard to virulence, data showed that the nuclear remodeling promoted by cytolethal distending toxin of Helicobacters involves the MAFB oncoprotein and is associated with nucleoplasmic reticulum formation in surviving cells.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Helicobacter/classification ; Helicobacter/pathogenicity ; Helicobacter Infections/microbiology ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1330665-0
ISSN	1523-5378 ; 1083-4389
ISSN (online)	1523-5378
ISSN	1083-4389
DOI	10.1111/hel.12744
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Article ; Online: Review: Other Helicobacter species.

Ménard, Armelle / Smet, Annemieke

Helicobacter

2019 Volume 24 Suppl 1, Page(s) e12645

Abstract: This article is a review of the most important, accessible, and relevant literature published between April 2018 and April 2019 in the field of Helicobacter species other than Helicobacter pylori. The initial part of the review covers new insights ... ...

Abstract	This article is a review of the most important, accessible, and relevant literature published between April 2018 and April 2019 in the field of Helicobacter species other than Helicobacter pylori. The initial part of the review covers new insights regarding the presence of gastric and enterohepatic non-H. pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH) in humans and animals, while the subsequent section focuses on the progress in our understanding of the pathogenicity and evolution of these species. Over the last year, relatively few cases of gastric NHPH infections in humans were published, with most NHPH infections being attributed to enterohepatic Helicobacters. A novel species, designated "Helicobacter caesarodunensis," was isolated from the blood of a febrile patient and numerous cases of human Helicobacter cinaedi infections underlined this species as a true emerging pathogen. With regard to NHPH in animals, canine/feline gastric NHPH cause little or no harm in their natural host; however they can become opportunistic when translocated to the hepatobiliary tract. The role of enterohepatic Helicobacter species in colorectal tumors in pets has also been highlighted. Several studies in rodent models have further elucidated the mechanisms underlying the development of NHPH-related disease, and the extra-gastric effects of a Helicobacter suis infection on brain homeostasis was also studied. Comparative genomics facilitated a breakthrough in the evolutionary history of Helicobacter in general and NHPH in particular. Investigation of the genome of Helicobacter apodemus revealed particular traits with regard to its virulence factors. A range of compounds including mulberries, dietary fiber, ginseng, and avian eggs which target the gut microbiota have also been shown to affect Helicobacter growth, with a potential therapeutic utilization and increase in survival.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Diseases/epidemiology ; Animal Diseases/microbiology ; Animal Diseases/pathology ; Animals ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/pathology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/veterinary ; Helicobacter/classification ; Helicobacter/genetics ; Helicobacter/isolation & purification ; Helicobacter/pathogenicity ; Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology ; Helicobacter Infections/microbiology ; Helicobacter Infections/pathology ; Helicobacter Infections/veterinary ; Humans ; Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology ; Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology ; Meningitis, Bacterial/pathology ; Sepsis/epidemiology ; Sepsis/microbiology ; Sepsis/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1330665-0
ISSN	1523-5378 ; 1083-4389
ISSN (online)	1523-5378
ISSN	1083-4389
DOI	10.1111/hel.12645
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Article ; Online: Single-day and multi-day exposure to orogastric gavages does not affect intestinal barrier function in mice.

Hanning, Nikita / Verboven, Rosanne / De Man, Joris G / Ceuleers, Hannah / De Schepper, Heiko U / Smet, Annemieke / De Winter, Benedicte Y

American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology

2023 Volume 324, Issue 4, Page(s) G281–G294

Abstract: Animals involved in common laboratory procedures experience minor levels of stress. The direct effect of limited amounts of stress on gastrointestinal function has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of single-day and ... ...

Abstract	Animals involved in common laboratory procedures experience minor levels of stress. The direct effect of limited amounts of stress on gastrointestinal function has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of single-day and multi-day orogastric gavages on gut physiology in mice. To this end, 12-wk-old female C57Bl6/J mice were randomized to receive treatment with sterile water (200 µL) delivered by orogastric gavages twice daily for a total of 1 or 10 day(s). Control animals did not receive any treatment. Subsequently, gastrointestinal function was assessed by measuring fecal pellet production. Furthermore, ex vivo intestinal barrier and secretory function of the distal colon, proximal colon, and terminal ileum were quantified in Ussing chambers. In mice, single-day gavages did neither influence corticosterone levels nor gastrointestinal function. In mice exposed to multi-day gavages, corticosterone levels were slightly but significantly increased compared with controls after 10 days of treatment. Gastrointestinal motor function was altered, as evidenced by increased fecal pellet counts and a small increase in fecal water content. However, exposure to repeated gavages did not lead to detectable alterations in gastrointestinal barrier function as quantified by the paracellular flux of the probe 4 kDa FITC-dextran as well as transepithelial resistance measurements. Thus, the administration of drugs via single-day or multi-day orogastric gavages leads to no or minor stress in mice, respectively. In both cases, it does not hamper the study of the intestinal barrier function and therefore remains a valuable administration route in preclinical pharmacological research.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Colon ; Corticosterone/pharmacology ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Ileum ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Permeability
Chemical Substances	Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603840-2
ISSN	1522-1547 ; 0193-1857
ISSN (online)	1522-1547
ISSN	0193-1857
DOI	10.1152/ajpgi.00203.2022
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Article: Differentiation of Gastric

Berlamont, Helena / De Witte, Chloë / De Bruyckere, Sofie / Fox, James G / Backert, Steffen / Smet, Annemieke / Boyen, Filip / Haesebrouck, Freddy

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: Gastric helicobacters ( ...

Abstract	Gastric helicobacters (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10030366
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Article ; Online: Helicobacter

Gorlé, Nina / Bauwens, Eva / Haesebrouck, Freddy / Smet, Annemieke / Vandenbroucke, Roosmarijn E

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 11, Page(s) 584165

Abstract: Trillions of symbiotic microbial cells colonize our body, of which the larger part is present in the human gut. These microbes play an essential role in our health and a shift in the microbiome is linked to several diseases. Recent studies also suggest a ...

Abstract	Trillions of symbiotic microbial cells colonize our body, of which the larger part is present in the human gut. These microbes play an essential role in our health and a shift in the microbiome is linked to several diseases. Recent studies also suggest a link between changes in gut microbiota and neurological disorders. Gut microbiota can communicate with the brain
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain/microbiology ; Gastric Mucosa/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Helicobacter/pathogenicity ; Helicobacter Infections/complications ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Nervous System Diseases/microbiology ; Stomach/microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2020.584165
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Article ; Online: The role of mucins in gastrointestinal barrier function during health and disease.

Breugelmans, Tom / Oosterlinck, Baptiste / Arras, Wout / Ceuleers, Hannah / De Man, Joris / Hold, Georgina L / De Winter, Benedicte Y / Smet, Annemieke

The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology

2022 Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 455–471

Abstract: Mucins are the gatekeepers of the mucosal barrier of the gastrointestinal tract and are aberrantly expressed in various gastrointestinal pathologies, including pathogen infection, inflammation, and uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. ... ...

Abstract	Mucins are the gatekeepers of the mucosal barrier of the gastrointestinal tract and are aberrantly expressed in various gastrointestinal pathologies, including pathogen infection, inflammation, and uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. Although several studies have emphasised the role of mucins in dysfunction of the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier, they are often still considered to be passive mediators of this barrier instead of regulators or modulators. In this Review, we discuss the interactions between mucins and gastrointestinal barrier function during health and disease. We will focus on the bidirectional relationship between mucins and the gut microbiota and will also address the molecular mechanisms involved in key cell signalling pathways, such as inflammation, cell interactions, and cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Additionally, we highlight the potential use of mucins in the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Mucins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Mucins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2468-1253
ISSN (online)	2468-1253
DOI	10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00431-3
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Article ; Online: Rhesus macaques are most likely the ancestral source of Helicobacter suis infection in pigs and not cynomolgus macaques.

De Witte, Chloë / Berlamont, Helena / Smet, Annemieke / Ducatelle, Richard / Haesebrouck, Freddy

Helicobacter

2020 Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) e12689

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Genome, Bacterial ; Helicobacter Infections ; Helicobacter heilmannii/genetics ; Host Microbial Interactions ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis/microbiology ; Macaca mulatta/microbiology ; Phylogeny ; Phylogeography ; Species Specificity ; Swine/microbiology ; Whole Genome Sequencing
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1330665-0
ISSN	1523-5378 ; 1083-4389
ISSN (online)	1523-5378
ISSN	1083-4389
DOI	10.1111/hel.12689
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Article ; Online: The Role of Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Cancer and Cancer Treatment: Chance or Curse?

Smet, Annemieke / Kupcinskas, Juozas / Link, Alexander / Hold, Georgina L / Bornschein, Jan

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology

2021 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 857–874

Abstract: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is home to a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms, comprising bacteria, archaea, viruses, yeast, and fungi. It is widely accepted that human health is shaped by these microbes and their collective microbial ... ...

Abstract	The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is home to a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms, comprising bacteria, archaea, viruses, yeast, and fungi. It is widely accepted that human health is shaped by these microbes and their collective microbial genome. This so-called second genome plays an important role in normal functioning of the host, contributing to processes involved in metabolism and immune modulation. Furthermore, the gut microbiota also is capable of generating energy and nutrients (eg, short-chain fatty acids and vitamins) that are otherwise inaccessible to the host and are essential for mucosal barrier homeostasis. In recent years, numerous studies have pointed toward microbial dysbiosis as a key driver in many GI conditions, including cancers. However, comprehensive mechanistic insights on how collectively gut microbes influence carcinogenesis remain limited. In addition to their role in carcinogenesis, the gut microbiota now has been shown to play a key role in influencing clinical outcomes to cancer immunotherapy, making them valuable targets in the treatment of cancer. It also is becoming apparent that, besides the gut microbiota's impact on therapeutic outcomes, cancer treatment may in turn influence GI microbiota composition. This review provides a comprehensive overview of microbial dysbiosis in GI cancers, specifically esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers, potential mechanisms of microbiota in carcinogenesis, and their implications in diagnostics and cancer treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Dysbiosis ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/therapy ; Humans ; Microbiota
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2819778-1
ISSN	2352-345X ; 2352-345X
ISSN (online)	2352-345X
ISSN	2352-345X
DOI	10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.013
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Article ; Online: IL-22-Activated

Breugelmans, Tom / Arras, Wout / Oosterlinck, Baptiste / Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu / Somers, Michaël / Cuypers, Bart / Laukens, Kris / De Man, Joris G / De Schepper, Heiko U / De Winter, Benedicte Y / Smet, Annemieke

Cells

2023 Volume 12, Issue 9

Abstract: Overexpression of the transmembrane mucin MUC13, as seen in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), could potentially impact barrier function. This study aimed to explore how inflammation-induced MUC13 disrupts epithelial barrier integrity by affecting ... ...

Abstract	Overexpression of the transmembrane mucin MUC13, as seen in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), could potentially impact barrier function. This study aimed to explore how inflammation-induced MUC13 disrupts epithelial barrier integrity by affecting junctional protein expression in IBD, thereby also considering the involvement of MUC1. RNA sequencing and permeability assays were performed using LS513 cells transfected with
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Colitis/chemically induced ; Colitis/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Mucins/metabolism ; rho-Associated Kinases/metabolism ; Interleukin-22
Chemical Substances	Mucins ; rho-Associated Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Rock2 protein, mouse (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Ly64 protein, mouse
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells12091224
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Article ; Online: Helicobacter bizzozeronii infection in a girl with severe gastric disorders in México: case report.

Montijo-Barrios, Ericka / Celestino-Pérez, Omaha Y / Morelia-Mandujano, Luis / Rojas-Maruri, Cesar Mauricio / Smet, Annemieke / Haesebrouck, Freddy / De Witte, Chloë / Romo-González, Carolina

BMC pediatrics

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 364

Abstract: Background: Gastric non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters (NHPH) naturally colonize the stomach of animals. In humans, infection with these bacteria is associated with chronic active gastritis, peptic ulceration and MALT-lymphoma. H. bizzozeronii ... ...

Abstract	Background: Gastric non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters (NHPH) naturally colonize the stomach of animals. In humans, infection with these bacteria is associated with chronic active gastritis, peptic ulceration and MALT-lymphoma. H. bizzozeronii belongs to these NHPH and its prevalence in children is unknown. Case presentation: This case report describes for the first time a NHPH infection in a 20-month-old girl with severe gastric disorders in Mexico. The patient suffered from melena, epigastric pain, and bloating. Gastroscopy showed presence of a Hiatus Hill grade I, a hemorrhagic gastropathy in the fundus and gastric body, and a Forrest class III ulcer in the fundus. Histopathologic examination revealed a chronic active gastritis with presence of long, spiral-shaped bacilli in the glandular lumen. Biopsies from antrum, body and incisure were negative for presence of H. pylori by culture and PCR, while all biopsies were positive for presence of H. bizzozeronii by PCR. Most likely, infection occurred through intense contact with the family dog. The patient received a triple therapy consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin for 14 days, completed with sucralfate for 6 weeks, resulting in the disappearance of her complaints. Conclusion: The eradication could not be confirmed, although it was suggested by clear improvement of symptoms. This case report further emphasizes the zoonotic importance of NHPH. It can be advised to routinely check for presence of both H. pylori and NHPH in human patients with gastric complains.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Humans ; Animals ; Dogs ; Infant ; Mexico ; Helicobacter ; Helicobacter Infections/complications ; Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis ; Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy ; Stomach Diseases ; Gastritis/diagnosis ; Gastritis/microbiology ; Gastritis/pathology ; Helicobacter pylori
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041342-7
ISSN	1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
ISSN (online)	1471-2431
ISSN	1471-2431
DOI	10.1186/s12887-023-04142-7
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