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Article ; Online: Decision-making under conditions of explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and typically developing adolescents and young adults.

Krug, Marie K / Takarae, Yukari / Iosif, Ana-Maria / Solomon, Marjorie

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

2024 Volume 34, Issue 13, Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Adolescence has been characterized as a period of risky and possibly suboptimal decision-making, yet the development of decision-making in autistic adolescents is not well understood. To investigate decision-making in autism, we evaluated performance on ... ...

Abstract	Adolescence has been characterized as a period of risky and possibly suboptimal decision-making, yet the development of decision-making in autistic adolescents is not well understood. To investigate decision-making in autism, we evaluated performance on 2 computerized tasks capturing decision-making under explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and non-autistic adolescents/young adults ages 12-22 years. Participants completed the Game of Dice Task (32 IQ-matched participant pairs) to assess decision-making under explicit risk and the modified Iowa Gambling Task (35 IQ-matched pairs) to assess decision-making under uncertainty. Autistic participants overall made riskier decisions than non-autistic participants on the Game of Dice Task, and the odds of making riskier decisions varied by age and IQ. In contrast, the autistic group showed comparable levels of learning over trial blocks to the non-autistic group on the modified Iowa Gambling Task. For both tasks, younger autistic participants performed poorer than their non-autistic counterparts, while group differences diminished in older ages. This age-related pattern suggests positive development during adolescence on risk assessment and decision-making in autism but also implies differential developmental trajectories between groups. These findings also suggest differential performance by the risk type, with additional complex influences of IQ and fluid cognition, which warrants further investigations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Decision Making/physiology ; Male ; Young Adult ; Female ; Uncertainty ; Child ; Autistic Disorder/psychology ; Risk-Taking ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Gambling/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1077450-6
ISSN	1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
ISSN (online)	1460-2199
ISSN	1047-3211
DOI	10.1093/cercor/bhae097
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Article ; Online: Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder".

Ring, Melanie / Solomon, Marjorie

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research

2020 Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) 1913–1914

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2481338-2
ISSN	1939-3806 ; 1939-3792
ISSN (online)	1939-3806
ISSN	1939-3792
DOI	10.1002/aur.2426
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Article ; Online: Examination of Race and Autism Intersectionality Among African American/Black Young Adults.

Davis, Amber / Solomon, Marjorie / Belcher, Harolyn

Autism in adulthood : challenges and management

2022 Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 306–314

Abstract: Background: African American/Black (AA/B) young adults with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders rarely are studied in a way that acknowledges both their racial identity and their autism diagnosis. Little is known about intersectional oppression in ... ...

Abstract	Background: African American/Black (AA/B) young adults with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders rarely are studied in a way that acknowledges both their racial identity and their autism diagnosis. Little is known about intersectional oppression in the lives of these young adults. Early adulthood is a time when a young people of color may come to terms with a society that may not treat them fairly and equally due to their race. Autistic AA/B young adults may be even more vulnerable to stress and psychological disempowerment due to the added impact of negative experiences of being Black and having an autism diagnosis. Methods: Thirty-two autistic and 30 non-autistic AA/B young adults took part in an online survey examining risk factors of everyday discrimination, perceived stress and potential protective factors of psychological empowerment, and Black identity. Differences in score measures for the autistic and non-autistic samples were examined along with the predictors of perceived stress assessed. Frequencies of intersectional discrimination experiences were also examined. Results: Autistic AA/B participants reported significantly less everyday discriminatory experiences than non-autistic AA/B participants, whereas perceived stress was not significantly different between the two groups. The majority of non-autistic AA/B participants endorsed race as their prime source of experiences of discrimination, whereas autistic AA/B participants also cited being autistic as a major contributor to reports of discrimination. Although the autistic group had significantly lower reports of self-determination, they reported higher on the Black identity, private regard scale, pertaining to feelings about group membership, which can be considered a protective factor. There is heterogeneity in reasons for discriminatory experiences for autistic AA/B young adults whereby some of the participants (12%-30%) endorsed race + disability as dual reasons for experiencing regular discrimination. Conclusions: Mental health clinicians and other direct service providers working with autistic AA/B young adults should understand that intersecting identities of race and disability may be at play when they are working with these individuals, and that treatment should consider these factors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2573-959X
ISSN (online)	2573-959X
DOI	10.1089/aut.2021.0091
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Article ; Online: Characterizing Parent–Child Interactions in Families of Autistic Children in Late Childhood

James B. McCauley / Marjorie Solomon

Social Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 100, p

2022 Volume 100

Abstract: Parent–child interactions are influential to a wide range of positive developmental processes in neurotypical children, yet contributions to our understanding of these interactions using observational methods in families of children on the autism ... ...

Abstract	Parent–child interactions are influential to a wide range of positive developmental processes in neurotypical children, yet contributions to our understanding of these interactions using observational methods in families of children on the autism spectrum are lacking. The aim of the current study is to investigate how autism symptoms might impact these interactions. We use a family discussion task to: (1) compare families of autistic children aged 8–12 years ( n = 21) to families of typically developing children ( n = 21, matched on age and cognitive abilities) on the observed levels of supportive and directive behaviors in the parent–child relationship, and (2) examine the associations between parent–child interaction characteristics and child functioning. Results showed no differences in the observed levels of supportive behavior exhibited by parents, but significantly less supportive behavior in autistic children compared to neurotypical children. In addition, parents of autistic children had higher levels of observed directive behavior compared to parents of neurotypical children. Levels of supportive behavior in parents and autistic children were negatively associated with child ADHD symptoms. Findings reinforce literature on younger children describing positive parenting characteristics and further rebuke historical accounts of negative parenting qualities of parents of autistic children.
Keywords	parent–child interactions ; autism spectrum disorder ; late childhood ; mental health ; Social Sciences ; H
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Correction: Video Game Use, Aggression, and Social Impairment in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Davis, Konnor / Iosif, Ana-Maria / Nordahl, Christine Wu / Solomon, Marjorie / Krug, Marie K

Journal of autism and developmental disorders

2022 Volume 53, Issue 3, Page(s) 1301

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	391999-7
ISSN	1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
ISSN (online)	1573-3432
ISSN	0162-3257
DOI	10.1007/s10803-022-05694-w
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Article ; Online: Safety and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation for primary and metastatic pleural based tumors.

Alexander, Erica S / Petre, Elena N / Offin, Michael / Zauderer, Marjorie / Zhao, Ken / Sotirchos, Vlasios / Solomon, Stephen B / Ziv, Etay

European journal of radiology

2024 Volume 175, Page(s) 111465

Abstract: Purpose: Assess safety and local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) of percutaneous cryoablation for pleural-based thoracic malignancies.: Materials and methods: Retrospective study of 46 patients (17 treated for palliation; 9 for ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Assess safety and local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) of percutaneous cryoablation for pleural-based thoracic malignancies. Materials and methods: Retrospective study of 46 patients (17 treated for palliation; 9 for oligoprogression; 20 for curative intent), with 62 pleural-based thoracic lesions, treated in 59 cryoablation sessions. Patients were treated from 9/2005-11/2021 with CryoCare CS (Varian, Irvine, CA) or IceFORCE (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) systems. For tumors treated with curative intent and/or oligoprogression, LTPFS of the treated tumor(s) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Post-operative complications were reported for all sessions, including those with palliative intent; univariate analyses were used to calculate factors associated with increased complication risk. Results: Median number of tumors treated in a single treatment session was 1 (range 1-4). Largest dimension of the treated tumor was 2.1 cm [IQR:0.9-5 cm]. Of the 59 treatments, 98.3 % were technically successful. Median LTPFS was 14.4 (95 % CI: 9.4-25.6) months. Tumor size was a significant predictor of LTPFS (HR: 1.21, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.44, p = 0.023). Median OS was 52.4 (28.1-NR) months. Complications occurred in 28/59 sessions (47.5 %); 2/59 (3.4 %) were ≥ grade D by Society of Interventional Radiology adverse event criteria (death; hypoxia requiring supplemental oxygen upon discharge). Pain and pneumothorax were the most common complications. The length of lung parenchyma traversed was a significant predictor of pneumothorax: HR 0.48 (95 %CI: 0.14-0.83), p = 0.0024. Conclusion: Percutaneous cryoablation for pleural lesions is associated with a long duration of local control and most complications were minor and self-limited.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138815-0
ISSN	1872-7727 ; 0720-048X
ISSN (online)	1872-7727
ISSN	0720-048X
DOI	10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111465
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Article ; Online: Piloting a Novel Daily Living Skills Assessment in Autistic Adolescents and Young Adults.

Wulff, Rachel A / Iosif, Ana-Maria / Krug, Marie K / Harvey, Philip D / Solomon, Marjorie

Autism in adulthood : challenges and management

2023 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 86–92

Abstract: Background: There are a few ecologically valid measurements of Daily Living Skills (DLS)-a critical component of adaptive functioning (AF)-for autistic adolescents and young adults. This is particularly important given that DLS predict outcomes as ... ...

Abstract	Background: There are a few ecologically valid measurements of Daily Living Skills (DLS)-a critical component of adaptive functioning (AF)-for autistic adolescents and young adults. This is particularly important given that DLS predict outcomes as autistic adolescents transition to adulthood. Methods: We pilot-tested the assessment section of two modules of the Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training program (CFSAT) in 25 autistic ( Results: All but one autistic participant were able to complete the CFSAT tasks. Autistic participants made more errors, but did not take longer to complete the task, than non-autistic participants. Performance correlated strongly with self-reported AF generally and DLS specifically. The regression analyses revealed that task performance was associated with EF in the autistic group, but not the non-autistic group. Conclusions: These results provide preliminary support for the use of a new performance-based ecologically valid assessment of DLS in an autistic population. Two CFSAT modules were well-tolerated and detected differences in DLS ability. Strong correlations with an existing measure of AF suggest evidence of construct validity. The EF was associated with CFSAT task performance in autistic individuals. Such a tool could help identify individuals who would benefit from a DLS intervention.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2573-959X
ISSN (online)	2573-959X
DOI	10.1089/aut.2021.0095
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Article: Relational memory weakness in autism despite the use of a controlled encoding task.

Minor, Greta N / Hannula, Deborah E / Gordon, Andrew / Ragland, J Daniel / Iosif, Ana-Maria / Solomon, Marjorie

Frontiers in psychology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1210259

Abstract: Introduction: Recent work challenged past findings that documented relational memory impairments in autism. Previous studies often relied solely on explicit behavioral responses to assess relational memory integrity, but successful performance on ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Recent work challenged past findings that documented relational memory impairments in autism. Previous studies often relied solely on explicit behavioral responses to assess relational memory integrity, but successful performance on behavioral tasks may rely on other cognitive abilities (e.g., executive functioning) that are impacted in some autistic individuals. Eye-tracking tasks do not require explicit behavioral responses, and, further, eye movements provide an indirect measure of memory. The current study examined whether memory-specific viewing patterns toward scenes differ between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Methods: Using a long-term memory paradigm that equated for complexity between item and relational memory tasks, participants studied a series of scenes. Following the initial study phase, scenes were re-presented, accompanied by an orienting question that directed participants to attend to either features of an item (i.e., in the item condition) or spatial relationships between items (i.e., in the relational condition) that might be subsequently modified during test. At test, participants viewed scenes that were unchanged (i.e., repeated from study), scenes that underwent an "item" modification (an exemplar switch) or a "relational" modification (a location switch), and scenes that had not been presented before. Eye movements were recorded throughout. Results: During study, there were no significant group differences in viewing directed to regions of scenes that might be manipulated at test, suggesting comparable processing of scene details during encoding. However, there was a group difference in explicit recognition accuracy for scenes that underwent a relational change. Marginal group differences in the expression of memory-based viewing effects during test for relational scenes were consistent with this behavioral outcome, particularly when analyses were limited to scenes recognized correctly with high confidence. Group differences were also evident in correlational analyses that examined the association between study phase viewing and recognition accuracy and between performance on the Picture Sequence Memory Test and recognition accuracy. Discussion: Together, our findings suggest differences in the integrity of relational memory representations and/or in the relationships between subcomponents of memory in autism.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1210259
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Article ; Online: Increasing Traction for Discovery: The Research Domain Criteria Framework and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Solomon, Marjorie / Di Martino, Adriana

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging

2017 Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) 458–460

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnosis ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/psychology ; Research Design ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Introductory Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2879089-3
ISSN	2451-9030 ; 2451-9022
ISSN (online)	2451-9030
ISSN	2451-9022
DOI	10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.07.004
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Article ; Online: Video Game Use, Aggression, and Social Impairment in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Davis, Konnor / Iosif, Ana-Maria / Nordahl, Christine Wu / Solomon, Marjorie / Krug, Marie K

Journal of autism and developmental disorders

2022 Volume 53, Issue 9, Page(s) 3567–3580

Abstract: We used parent report data to investigate video game playing, aggression, and social impairment in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Parents of autistic adolescents were more likely to report that their child plays video games as a hobby ... ...

Abstract	We used parent report data to investigate video game playing, aggression, and social impairment in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Parents of autistic adolescents were more likely to report that their child plays video games as a hobby compared to parents of adolescents with typical development and also reported that their children spent more time playing video games. For autistic participants, we found no differences in aggression levels or social impairment when comparing players versus non-players. However, playing video games "more than average," as compared to "average" was associated with greater aggression and greater social impairment on "awareness" and "mannerisms" subscales. Future studies should focus on how type of video game(s) played is associated with these clinically important variables.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Aggression ; Video Games ; Adolescent Behavior ; Autistic Disorder
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391999-7
ISSN	1573-3432 ; 0162-3257
ISSN (online)	1573-3432
ISSN	0162-3257
DOI	10.1007/s10803-022-05649-1
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