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  1. Article ; Online: Meeting in Mind and a Smile on the Face: A Tribute to Dr. Randall J Cohrs.

    Das Sarma, Jayasri

    Viruses

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 6

    Abstract: It is my privilege to have a mentor cum friend like Prof [ ... ]. ...

    Abstract It is my privilege to have a mentor cum friend like Prof [...].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial ; Historical Article
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v14061124
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The CD40/CD40 ligand dyad and its downstream effector molecule ISG54 in relating acute neuroinflammation with persistent, progressive demyelination.

    Hazra, Bishal / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    IUBMB life

    2023  

    Abstract: Although Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is primarily thought to be an autoimmune condition, its possible viral etiology must be taken into consideration. When mice are administered neurotropic viruses like mouse hepatitis virus MHV-A59, a murine coronavirus, or ...

    Abstract Although Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is primarily thought to be an autoimmune condition, its possible viral etiology must be taken into consideration. When mice are administered neurotropic viruses like mouse hepatitis virus MHV-A59, a murine coronavirus, or its isogenic recombinant strain RSA59, neuroinflammation along with demyelination are observed, which are some of the significant manifestations of MS. MHV-A59/RSA59 induced neuroinflammation is one of the best-studied experimental animal models to understand the viral-induced demyelination concurrent with axonal loss. In this experimental animal model, one of the major immune checkpoint regulators is the CD40-CD40L dyad, which helps in mediating both acute-innate, innate-adaptive, and chronic-adaptive immune responses. Hence, they are essential in reducing acute neuroinflammation and chronic progressive adaptive demyelination. While CD40 is expressed on antigen-presenting cells and endothelial cells, CD40L is expressed primarily on activated T cells and during severe inflammation on NK cells and mast cells. Experimental evidences revealed that genetic deficiency of both these proteins can lead to deleterious effects in an individual. On the other hand, interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) possess potent antiviral properties and directly or indirectly alter acute neuroinflammation. In this review, we will discuss the role of an ISG, ISG54, and its tetratricopeptide repeat protein Ifit2; the genetic and experimental studies on the role of CD40 and CD40L in a virus-induced neuroinflammatory demyelination model.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1492141-8
    ISSN 1521-6551 ; 1521-6543
    ISSN (online) 1521-6551
    ISSN 1521-6543
    DOI 10.1002/iub.2798
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Isolation and Enrichment of Major Primary Neuroglial Cells from Neonatal Mouse Brain.

    Samal, Santosh Kumar / Sharma, Madhav / Sarma, Jayasri Das

    Bio-protocol

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e4921

    Abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) relies on the complex interaction of neuroglial cells to carry out vital physiological functions. To comprehensively understand the structural and functional interplay between these neuroglial cells, it is essential to ... ...

    Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) relies on the complex interaction of neuroglial cells to carry out vital physiological functions. To comprehensively understand the structural and functional interplay between these neuroglial cells, it is essential to establish an appropriate in vitro system that can be utilized for thorough investigation. Traditional protocols for establishing primary neuronal and mixed glial cultures from prenatal mice or neural stem cells require sacrificing pregnant mice and have the drawback of yielding only specific types of cells. Our current protocol overcomes these drawbacks by utilizing the brain from day-0 pups to isolate CNS resident neuroglial cells including astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes [oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and differentiated oligodendrocytes], and meningeal fibroblasts, as well as hippocampal neurons, avoiding sacrificing pregnant mice, which makes this procedure efficient and cost effective. Furthermore, through this protocol, we aim to provide step-by-step instructions for isolating and establishing different primary neuroglial cells and their characterization using cell-specific markers. This study presents an opportunity to isolate, culture, and establish all major CNS resident cells individually. These cells can be utilized in various cell-based and biochemical assays to comprehensively investigate the cell-specific roles and behaviors of brain resident cells in a reductionist approach. Key features • Efficient isolation of major neuroglial cells like meningeal fibroblasts, neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia from a single day-0 neonatal mouse pup's brain. • Circumvents the sacrifice of pregnant female mice. • Acts as a bridging experimental method between secondary cell lines and in vivo systems. • Isolated cells can be used for performing various cell-based and biochemical assays.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2833269-6
    ISSN 2331-8325 ; 2331-8325
    ISSN (online) 2331-8325
    ISSN 2331-8325
    DOI 10.21769/BioProtoc.4921
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Human coronavirus OC43 infection remodels Connexin 43 mediated gap junction intercellular communication in vitro

    Karmakar, Souvik / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: β-coronaviruses cause acute infection in the upper respiratory tract, resulting in various symptoms and clinical manifestations. OC43 is a human β-coronavirus that induces mild clinical symptoms and can be safely studied in the BSL2 laboratory. Due to ... ...

    Abstract β-coronaviruses cause acute infection in the upper respiratory tract, resulting in various symptoms and clinical manifestations. OC43 is a human β-coronavirus that induces mild clinical symptoms and can be safely studied in the BSL2 laboratory. Due to its low risk, OC43 can be a valuable and accessible model for understanding β-coronavirus pathogenesis. One potential target for limiting virus infectivity could be gap junction-mediated communication. This study aims to unveil the status of cell-to-cell communications through gap junctions in human β-coronavirus infection. Infection with OC43 leads to reduced expression of Cx43 in A549, a lung epithelial carcinoma cell line. Infection with this virus also showed a significant ER and oxidative stress increase. Internal localization of Cx43 is observed post OC43 infection in the ERGIC region, which impairs the gap junction communication between two adjacent cells, confirmed by Lucifer yellow dye transfer assay. It also affects hemichannel formation, as depicted by the EtBr uptake assay. Altogether, these results suggest that several physiological changes accompany OC43 infection in A549 cells and can be considered an appropriate model system for understanding the differences in gap junction communication post-viral infections. This model system can provide valuable insights for developing therapies against human β-coronavirus infections.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-21
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2023.11.20.567927
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Murine-β-coronavirus-induced neuropathogenesis sheds light on CNS pathobiology of SARS-CoV2.

    Chakravarty, Debanjana / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    Journal of neurovirology

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 197–216

    Abstract: The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has caused widespread infection and significant mortality across the globe. Combined virology perspective of SARS-CoV-2 with a deep-rooted understanding of pathophysiological and immunological processes underlying the ... ...

    Abstract The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has caused widespread infection and significant mortality across the globe. Combined virology perspective of SARS-CoV-2 with a deep-rooted understanding of pathophysiological and immunological processes underlying the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is of prime importance. The characteristic symptom of COVID-19 is respiratory distress with diffused alveolar damage, but emerging evidence suggests COVID-19 might also have neurologic consequences. Dysregulated homeostasis in the lungs has proven to be fatal, but one cannot ignore that the inability to breathe might be due to defects in the respiratory control center of the brainstem. While the mechanism of pulmonary distress has been documented in the literature, awareness of neurological features and their pathophysiology is still in the nascent state. This review makes references to the neuro-immune axis and neuro-invasive potential of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2, as well as the prototypic H-CoV strains in human brains. Simultaneously, considerable discussion on relevant experimental evidence of mild to severe neurological manifestations of fellow neurotropic murine-β-CoVs (m-CoVs) in the mouse model will help understand the underpinning mechanisms of Neuro-COVID. In this review, we have highlighted the neuroimmunopathological processes in murine CoVs. While MHV infection in mice and SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans share numerous parallels, there are critical differences in viral recognition and viral entry. These similarities are highlighted in this review, while differences have also been emphasized. Though CoV-2 Spike does not favorably interact with murine ACE2 receptor, modification of murine SARS-CoV2 binding domain or development of transgenic ACE-2 knock-in mice might help in mediating consequential infection and understanding human CoV2 pathogenesis in murine models. While a global animal model that can replicate all aspects of the human disease remains elusive, prior insights and further experiments with fellow m-β-CoV-induced cause-effect experimental models and current human COVID-19 patients data may help to mitigate the SARS-CoV-2-induced multifactorial multi-organ failure.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/pathology ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Mice ; Murine hepatitis virus/immunology ; Murine hepatitis virus/pathogenicity ; Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1283265-0
    ISSN 1538-2443 ; 1355-0284
    ISSN (online) 1538-2443
    ISSN 1355-0284
    DOI 10.1007/s13365-021-00945-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Methanolic neem (Azadirachta indica) stem bark extract induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibits the migration of cervical cancer cells in vitro.

    Kumar, Saurav / Mulchandani, Vaishali / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    BMC complementary medicine and therapies

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 239

    Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer remains one of the significant causes of mortality in women due to the limitations of current treatment strategies and their associated side effects. Investigation of alternative medicine, including phytomedicine, has shown ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cervical cancer remains one of the significant causes of mortality in women due to the limitations of current treatment strategies and their associated side effects. Investigation of alternative medicine, including phytomedicine, has shown effective anti-cancer potential with fewer side effects. Azadirachta indica (commonly known as neem) is known for its medicinal properties. The present study investigated the anti-cancer potential of methanolic neem stem bark extract (MNBE) against cervical cancer using HeLa, SiHa, and ME-180 cell lines.
    Methods: Cytotoxic effect of MNBE on cultured cell lines was evaluated by MTT and clonogenic assay. The growth-inhibiting effect of MNBE was further confirmed by performing cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assay using flow cytometry. The anti-migratory effect of MNBE was evaluated by using wound healing and Boyden chamber assay. Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression, and western blot and flow cytometry was used to determine the protein levels of growth and migration-related genes.
    Results: MNBE significantly suppressed the growth and survival of cervical cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, the growth inhibitory effect of MNBE was specific to cervical cancer cells than normal cells. Cell cycle arrest was correlated to transcriptional downregulation of cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cyclin A, and cyclin B. Additionally, MNBE treatment resulted in the upregulation of active caspase-3 protein and downregulation of prosurvival genes, Bcl2, and survivin at mRNA level and NFkB-p65 at the protein level. Furthermore, MNBE inhibited the migration of cervical cancer cells accompanied by modulation of migration-related genes, including zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), N-cadherin, snail, and E-cadherin.
    Conclusion: In summary, the present study provides the first evidence of MNBE in restricting cervical cancer cell growth and migration, which warrants further investigation for developing novel anti-cancer drugs.
    MeSH term(s) Apoptosis ; Azadirachta ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Female ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/pharmacology ; Methanol/pharmacology ; Methanol/therapeutic use ; Plant Bark ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Plant Extracts ; RNA, Messenger ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (EC 3.4.24.24) ; Methanol (Y4S76JWI15)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-7671
    ISSN (online) 2662-7671
    DOI 10.1186/s12906-022-03718-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Proline-Proline Dyad in the Fusion Peptide of the Murine β-Coronavirus Spike Protein's S2 Domain Modulates Its Neuroglial Tropism.

    Safiriyu, Abass Alao / Mulchandani, Vaishali / Anakkacheri, Mohammed Nahaf / Pal, Debnath / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    Viruses

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 1

    Abstract: The β-Coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59)-RSA59 has a patent stretch of fusion peptide (FP) containing two consecutive central prolines (PP) in the S2 domain of the Spike protein. Our previous studies compared the PP-containing fusogenic- ... ...

    Abstract The β-Coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59)-RSA59 has a patent stretch of fusion peptide (FP) containing two consecutive central prolines (PP) in the S2 domain of the Spike protein. Our previous studies compared the PP-containing fusogenic-demyelinating strain RSA59(PP) to its one proline-deleted mutant strain RSA59(P) and one proline-containing non-fusogenic non-demyelinating parental strain RSMHV2(P) to its one proline inserted mutant strain RSMHV2(PP). These studies highlighted the crucial role of PP in fusogenicity, hepato-neuropathogenesis, and demyelination. Computational studies combined with biophysical data indicate that PP at the center of the FP provides local rigidity while imparting global fluctuation to the Spike protein that enhances the fusogenic properties of RSA59(PP) and RSMHV2(PP). To elaborate on the understanding of the role of PP in the FP of MHV, the differential neuroglial tropism of the PP and P mutant strains was investigated. Comparative studies demonstrated that PP significantly enhances the viral tropism for neurons, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. PP, however, is not essential for viral tropism for either astroglial or oligodendroglial precursors or the infection of meningeal fibroblasts in the blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers. PP in the fusion domain is critical for promoting gliopathy, making it a potential region for designing antivirals for neuro-COVID therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Murine hepatitis virus/physiology ; Peptides/metabolism ; Proline ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism ; Viral Tropism
    Chemical Substances Peptides ; Proline (9DLQ4CIU6V) ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Envelope Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v15010215
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Connexin 43 trafficking and regulation of gap junctional intercellular communication alters ovarian cancer cell migration and tumorigenesis.

    Mulchandani, Vaishali / Banerjee, Anurag / Vadlamannati, Arunima Vijaya / Kumar, Saurav / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

    2023  Volume 159, Page(s) 114296

    Abstract: Ovarian cancer persists to be the most lethal gynecological malignancy, demanding rigorous treatments involving radio-chemotherapy that trigger toxicity and consequently mortality among patients. An improved understanding of the disease progression may ... ...

    Abstract Ovarian cancer persists to be the most lethal gynecological malignancy, demanding rigorous treatments involving radio-chemotherapy that trigger toxicity and consequently mortality among patients. An improved understanding of the disease progression may pioneer curative therapies. Mouse epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines, ID8 and ID8-VEGF (overexpressing VEGF) were intraperitoneally injected in C57BL/6 female mice to develop a Syngeneic Ovarian cancer mouse model. It was observed that ID8-VEGF cells were able to induce aggressive tumor growth in mice compared to ID8 cells. Furthermore, results of the current in vitro study comparing ID8 and ID8-VEGF demonstrated that highly tumorigenic ID8-VEGF had reduced gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) due to intracellular Connexin 43 (Cx43) expression. Additionally, ID8 cells with reduced tumorigenic capability expressed significant GJIC. Furthermore, loss of GJIC in ID8-VEGF cells induced shorter tunneling nanotube formations, while ID8 cells develops longer tunneling nanotube to maintain cellular crosstalk. The administration of a pharmacological drug 4-phenylbutyrate (4PBA) ensured the restoration of GJIC in both the ovarian cancer cell lines. Additionally, 4PBA treatment significantly inhibited the migration of ovarian cancer cell lines and tumor formation in ovarian cancer mice models. In summary, the 4PBA-mediated restoration of GJIC suppressed migration (in vitro) and tumorigenesis (in vivo) of ovarian cancer cells. The present study suggests that Cx43 assembled GJIC and its supportive signaling pathways are a prospective target for restricting ovarian cancer progression.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Mice ; Animals ; Connexin 43/metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cell Communication/physiology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism ; Cell Movement/physiology ; Carcinogenesis
    Chemical Substances Connexin 43 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-24
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392415-4
    ISSN 1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
    ISSN (online) 1950-6007
    ISSN 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
    DOI 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114296
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Inducible nitric oxide synthase deficiency promotes murine-β-coronavirus induced demyelination.

    Kamble, Mithila / Saadi, Fareeha / Kumar, Saurav / Saha, Bhaskar / Das Sarma, Jayasri

    Virology journal

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 51

    Abstract: Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination orchestrated by activated neuroglial cells, CNS infiltrating leukocytes, and their reciprocal interactions through inflammatory signals. An inflammatory stimulus ...

    Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination orchestrated by activated neuroglial cells, CNS infiltrating leukocytes, and their reciprocal interactions through inflammatory signals. An inflammatory stimulus triggers inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), a pro-inflammatory marker of microglia/macrophages (MG/Mφ) to catalyze sustained nitric oxide production. NOS2 during neuroinflammation, has been associated with MS disease pathology; however, studies dissecting its role in demyelination are limited. We studied the role of NOS2 in a recombinant β-coronavirus-MHV-RSA59 induced neuroinflammation, an experimental animal model mimicking the pathological hallmarks of MS: neuroinflammatory demyelination and axonal degeneration.
    Objective: Understanding the role of NOS2 in murine-β-coronavirus-MHV-RSA59 demyelination.
    Methods: Brain and spinal cords from mock and RSA59 infected 4-5-week-old MHV-free C57BL/6 mice (WT) and NOS2-/- mice were harvested at different disease phases post infection (p.i.) (day 5/6-acute, day 9/10-acute-adaptive and day 30-chronic phase) and compared for pathological outcomes.
    Results: NOS2 was upregulated at the acute phase of RSA59-induced disease in WT mice and its deficiency resulted in severe disease and reduced survival at the acute-adaptive transition phase. Low survival in NOS2-/- mice was attributed to (i) high neuroinflammation resulting from increased accumulation of macrophages and neutrophils and (ii) Iba1 + phagocytic MG/Mφ mediated-early demyelination as observed at this phase. The phagocytic phenotype of CNS MG/Mφ was confirmed by significantly higher mRNA transcripts of phagocyte markers-CD206, TREM2, and Arg1 and double immunolabelling of Iba1 with MBP and PLP. Further, NOS2 deficiency led to exacerbated demyelination at the chronic phase as well.
    Conclusion: Taken together the results imply that the immune system failed to control the disease progression in the absence of NOS2. Thus, our observations highlight a protective role of NOS2 in murine-β-coronavirus induced demyelination.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Demyelinating Diseases/pathology ; Demyelinating Diseases/virology ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Murine hepatitis virus/metabolism ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology
    Chemical Substances Membrane Glycoproteins ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Receptors, Immunologic ; Trem2 protein, mouse ; Nos2 protein, mouse (EC 1.14.13.39)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2160640-7
    ISSN 1743-422X ; 1743-422X
    ISSN (online) 1743-422X
    ISSN 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-023-02006-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Connexin 43 mediated collective cell migration is independent of Golgi orientation

    Madhav Sharma / Suvam Mukherjee / Archana Kumari Shaw / Anushka Mondal / Amrutamaya Behera / Jibitesh Das / Abhishek Bose / Bidisha Sinha / Jayasri Das Sarma

    Biology Open, Vol 12, Iss

    2023  Volume 10

    Keywords collective cell migration ; connexin 43 ; golgi orientation ; hela 43 ; hela wt ; secretory trafficking ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The Company of Biologists
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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