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  1. Article ; Online: Response by Chong et al to Letter Regarding Article, "Epicardial Adipose Tissue Assessed by Computed Tomography and Echocardiography Are Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis".

    Chong, Bryan / Chin, Yip Han / Chew, Nicholas W S

    Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 10, Page(s) e015985

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging ; Echocardiography ; Pericardium/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2435045-X
    ISSN 1942-0080 ; 1941-9651
    ISSN (online) 1942-0080
    ISSN 1941-9651
    DOI 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.123.015985
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Epigenetics in cardiovascular health and disease.

    Chew, Nicholas W S / Loong, Shaun S E / Foo, Roger

    Progress in molecular biology and translational science

    2023  Volume 197, Page(s) 105–134

    Abstract: Conrad Waddington's epigenetics landscape has provided a metaphorical framework for how cells progress from undifferentiated states to one of several discrete, distinct, differentiated cell fates. The understanding of epigenetics has evolved over time, ... ...

    Abstract Conrad Waddington's epigenetics landscape has provided a metaphorical framework for how cells progress from undifferentiated states to one of several discrete, distinct, differentiated cell fates. The understanding of epigenetics has evolved over time, with DNA methylation being the most studied epigenetic modification, followed by histone modifications and non-coding RNA. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading contributors to death worldwide, with the prevalence of CVDs increasing across the last couple of decades. Significant amount of resources being poured into researching key mechanisms and underpinnings of the various CVDs. These molecular studies looked at the genetics, epigenetics as well as the transcriptomics of various cardiovascular conditions, aiming to provide mechanistic insights. It has paved the way for therapeutics to be developed and in recent years, epi-drugs for the treatment of CVDs. This chapter aims to cover the various roles of epigenetics in the context of cardiovascular health and disease. The following will be examined in detail: the developments in basic experimental techniques used to study epigenetics, the role of epigenetics in various CVDs (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, and heart failure), and current advances in epi-therapeutics, providing a holistic view of the current concerted efforts in advancing the field of epigenetics in CVDs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Cardiovascular System/metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2471995-X
    ISSN 1878-0814 ; 0079-6603 ; 1877-1173
    ISSN (online) 1878-0814
    ISSN 0079-6603 ; 1877-1173
    DOI 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.002
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  3. Article ; Online: No symptoms of superior vena cava obstruction despite occlusion of the superior vena cava.

    Chew, Nicholas W S / Kong, Gwyneth / Widanalage, Sanjay / Yeo, Wee Tiong

    Singapore medical journal

    2023  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-25
    Publishing country India
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 604319-7
    ISSN 2737-5935 ; 0037-5675
    ISSN (online) 2737-5935
    ISSN 0037-5675
    DOI 10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2021-384
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  4. Article: Editorial: The heart of NAFLD.

    Chew, Nicholas W S / Kannan, Shankar / Chong, Bryan / Chin, Yiphan / Muthiah, Mark

    Frontiers in medicine

    2023  Volume 10, Page(s) 1209625

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2023.1209625
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  5. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of Combined Health Coaching and Self-Monitoring Apps on Weight-Related Outcomes in People With Overweight and Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

    Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn / Rajasegaran, Nagadarshini Nicole / Chin, Yip Han / Chew, W S Nicholas / Kim, Kyung Mi

    Journal of medical Internet research

    2023  Volume 25, Page(s) e42432

    Abstract: Background: Self-monitoring smartphone apps and health coaching have both individually been shown to improve weight-related outcomes, but their combined effects remain unclear.: Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of combining ... ...

    Abstract Background: Self-monitoring smartphone apps and health coaching have both individually been shown to improve weight-related outcomes, but their combined effects remain unclear.
    Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of combining self-monitoring apps with health coaching on anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and lifestyle outcomes in people with overweight and obesity.
    Methods: Relevant articles published from inception till June 9, 2022, were searched through 8 databases (Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science). Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models. Behavioral strategies used were coded using the behavior change techniques taxonomy V1.
    Results: A total of 14 articles were included, representing 2478 participants with a mean age of 39.1 years and a BMI of 31.8 kg/m2. Using combined intervention significantly improved weight loss by 2.15 kg (95% CI -3.17 kg to -1.12 kg; P<.001; I2=60.3%), waist circumference by 2.48 cm (95% CI -3.51 cm to -1.44 cm; P<.001; I2=29%), triglyceride by 0.22 mg/dL (95% CI -0.33 mg/dL to 0.11 mg/dL; P=.008; I2=0%), glycated hemoglobin by 0.12% (95% CI -0.21 to -0.02; P=.03; I2=0%), and total calorie consumption per day by 128.30 kcal (95% CI -182.67 kcal to -73.94 kcal; P=.003; I2=0%) kcal, but not BMI, blood pressure, body fat percentage, cholesterol, and physical activity. Combined interventional effectiveness was superior to receiving usual care and apps for waist circumference but only superior to usual care for weight loss.
    Conclusions: Combined intervention could improve weight-related outcomes, but more research is needed to examine its added benefits to using an app.
    Trial registration: PROSPERO CRD42022345133; https://tinyurl.com/2zxfdpay.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Exercise ; Mentoring ; Obesity/therapy ; Overweight/therapy ; Weight Loss/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-18
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2028830-X
    ISSN 1438-8871 ; 1438-8871
    ISSN (online) 1438-8871
    ISSN 1438-8871
    DOI 10.2196/42432
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  6. Article ; Online: Histone modifications in fat metabolism and obesity.

    Chu, Dinh-Toi / Thi, Yen-Vy Nguyen / Chew, Nicholas W S

    Progress in molecular biology and translational science

    2023  Volume 197, Page(s) 135–152

    Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the obesity epidemic as one of the leading causes of overall morbidity and mortality. Obesity affects individual health, and quality of life and has negative long-term economic implications on society ... ...

    Abstract The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the obesity epidemic as one of the leading causes of overall morbidity and mortality. Obesity affects individual health, and quality of life and has negative long-term economic implications on society and the entire country. In recent years, studies on histone modifications in fat metabolism and obesity have received great attention. Processes such as methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA expression are mechanisms in epigenetic regulation. These processes play a particularly important role in cell development and differentiation through gene regulation. In this chapter, we discuss the types of histone modifications in adipose tissue under different conditions, the role of histone modifications in adipose tissue development, and the relationship between histone modifications and biosynthesis in the body. In addition, the chapter provides detailed information on histone modifications in obesity, the relationship between histone modifications and food consumption status, and the role of histone modifications in overweight and obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Histone Code ; Quality of Life ; Obesity/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; DNA Methylation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2471995-X
    ISSN 1878-0814 ; 0079-6603 ; 1877-1173
    ISSN (online) 1878-0814
    ISSN 0079-6603 ; 1877-1173
    DOI 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.003
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  7. Article ; Online: The emergence of obesity in type 1 diabetes.

    Kueh, Martin T W / Chew, Nicholas W S / Al-Ozairi, Ebaa / le Roux, Carel W

    International journal of obesity (2005)

    2023  Volume 48, Issue 3, Page(s) 289–301

    Abstract: Obesity, a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease represented by multifactorial metabolic dysfunctions, is a significant global health threat for adults and children. The once-held belief that type 1 diabetes is a disease of people who are lean no longer ...

    Abstract Obesity, a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease represented by multifactorial metabolic dysfunctions, is a significant global health threat for adults and children. The once-held belief that type 1 diabetes is a disease of people who are lean no longer holds. The mounting epidemiological data now establishes the connection between type 1 diabetes and the subsequent development of obesity, or vice versa. Beyond the consequences of the influx of an obesogenic environment, type 1 diabetes-specific biopsychosocial burden further exacerbates obesity. In the course of obesity management discussions, recurring challenges surfaced. The interplay between weight gain and escalating insulin dependence creates a vicious cycle from which patients struggle to break free. In the absence of weight management guidelines and regulatory approval for this population, healthcare professionals must navigate the delicate balance between benefits and risks. The gravity of this circumstance highlights the importance of bringing these topics to the forefront. In this Review, we discuss the changing trends and the biopsychosocial aspects of the intersection between type 1 diabetes and obesity. We highlight the evidence supporting the therapeutic means (i.e., exercise therapy, nutritional therapy, adjunct pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery) and directions for establishing a more robust and safer evidence-based approach.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/therapy ; Bariatric Surgery ; Weight Gain
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 752409-2
    ISSN 1476-5497 ; 0307-0565
    ISSN (online) 1476-5497
    ISSN 0307-0565
    DOI 10.1038/s41366-023-01429-8
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  8. Article ; Online: Response to Paik et al. on the disease burden of NAFLD.

    Chew, Nicholas W S / Ng, Cheng Han / Tan, Darren J H / Huang, Daniel Q / Muthiah, Mark D

    Cell metabolism

    2023  Volume 35, Issue 7, Page(s) 1089–1090

    Abstract: Chew and Ng et al. recently reported on the global burden of metabolic disease by utilizing ...

    Abstract Chew and Ng et al. recently reported on the global burden of metabolic disease by utilizing estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Herein, they respond to critical points highlighted by Paik et al. regarding the limitations of the GBD database as well as the definitions employed in the study.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Cost of Illness
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2176834-1
    ISSN 1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
    ISSN (online) 1932-7420
    ISSN 1550-4131
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.05.012
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  9. Article ; Online: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiometabolic outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease population.

    Chew, Nicholas W S / Pan, Xin Hui / Chong, Bryan / Chandramouli, Chanchal / Muthiah, Mark / Lam, Carolyn S P

    Diabetes research and clinical practice

    2024  Volume 211, Page(s) 111652

    Abstract: The metabolic syndrome, characterized by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, collectively increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prominent manifestation, ... ...

    Abstract The metabolic syndrome, characterized by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, collectively increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prominent manifestation, affecting over a third of the global population with a concerning annual increase in prevalence. Nearly 70 % of overweight individuals have NAFLD, and NAFLD-related deaths are predicted to rise, especially among young adults. The association of T2DM and NAFLD has led to the proposal of "metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease" (MASLD) terminology, encompassing individuals with T2DM, overweight/obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, or low HDL-cholesterol. Patients with MASLD will likely have double the risk of developing T2DM, and the combination of insulin resistance, overweight/obesity, and MASLD significantly elevates the risk of T2DM. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality in the MASLD and T2DM population, with MASLD directly associated with coronary artery disease, compounded by coexisting insulin resistance and T2DM. Urgency lies in early detection of subclinical cardiovascular diseases among patients with T2DM and MASLD. Novel strategies targeting multiple pathways offer hope for effectively improving cardiometabolic health. Understanding and addressing the intertwined factors contributing to these disorders can pave the way towards better management and prevention of cardiometabolic complications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-02
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632523-3
    ISSN 1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
    ISSN (online) 1872-8227
    ISSN 0168-8227
    DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111652
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  10. Article ; Online: Influence of MHz-order acoustic waves on bacterial suspensions.

    Chew, Nicholas S L / Ooi, Chien W / Yeo, Leslie Y / Tan, Ming K

    Ultrasonics

    2023  Volume 138, Page(s) 107234

    Abstract: The development of alternative techniques to efficiently inactivate bacterial suspensions is crucial to prevent transmission of waterborne illness, particularly when commonly used techniques such as heating, filtration, chlorination, or ultraviolet ... ...

    Abstract The development of alternative techniques to efficiently inactivate bacterial suspensions is crucial to prevent transmission of waterborne illness, particularly when commonly used techniques such as heating, filtration, chlorination, or ultraviolet treatment are not practical or feasible. We examine the effect of MHz-order acoustic wave irradiation in the form of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) on Gram-positive (Escherichia coli) and Gram-negative (Brevibacillus borstelensis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria suspended in water droplets. A significant increase in the relative bacterial load reduction of colony-forming units (up to 74%) can be achieved by either increasing (1) the excitation power, or, (2) the acoustic treatment duration, which we attributed to the effect of the acoustic radiation force exerted on the bacteria. Consequently, by increasing the maximum pressure amplitude via a hybrid modulation scheme involving a combination of amplitude and pulse-width modulation, we observe that the bacterial inactivation efficiency can be further increased by approximately 14%. By combining this scalable acoustic-based bacterial inactivation platform with plasma-activated water, a 100% reduction in E. coli is observed in less than 10 mins, therefore demonstrating the potential of the synergistic effects of MHz-order acoustic irradiation and plasma-activated water as an efficient strategy for water decontamination.
    MeSH term(s) Escherichia coli ; Bacteria/radiation effects ; Sound ; Acoustics ; Water
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200839-7
    ISSN 1874-9968 ; 0041-624X
    ISSN (online) 1874-9968
    ISSN 0041-624X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107234
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