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  1. Article: Switching on regeneration.

    van der Vaart, Aniek / van den Heuvel, Sander

    Stem cell investigation

    2016  Volume 3, Page(s) 41

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08-19
    Publishing country China
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2884645-X
    ISSN 2313-0792 ; 2306-9759
    ISSN (online) 2313-0792
    ISSN 2306-9759
    DOI 10.21037/sci.2016.08.05
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Dose-dependent functions of SWI/SNF BAF in permitting and inhibiting cell proliferation in vivo.

    van der Vaart, Aniek / Godfrey, Molly / Portegijs, Vincent / van den Heuvel, Sander

    Science advances

    2020  Volume 6, Issue 21, Page(s) eaay3823

    Abstract: SWI/SNF (switch/sucrose nonfermenting) complexes regulate transcription through chromatin remodeling and opposing gene silencing by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins. Genes encoding SWI/SNF components are critical for normal development and frequently ... ...

    Abstract SWI/SNF (switch/sucrose nonfermenting) complexes regulate transcription through chromatin remodeling and opposing gene silencing by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins. Genes encoding SWI/SNF components are critical for normal development and frequently mutated in human cancer. We characterized the in vivo contributions of SWI/SNF and PcG complexes to proliferation-differentiation decisions, making use of the reproducible development of the nematode
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aay3823
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: DLK-1/p38 MAP Kinase Signaling Controls Cilium Length by Regulating RAB-5 Mediated Endocytosis in Caenorhabditis elegans.

    van der Vaart, Aniek / Rademakers, Suzanne / Jansen, Gert

    PLoS genetics

    2015  Volume 11, Issue 12, Page(s) e1005733

    Abstract: Cilia are sensory organelles present on almost all vertebrate cells. Cilium length is constant, but varies between cell types, indicating that cilium length is regulated. How this is achieved is unclear, but protein transport in cilia (intraflagellar ... ...

    Abstract Cilia are sensory organelles present on almost all vertebrate cells. Cilium length is constant, but varies between cell types, indicating that cilium length is regulated. How this is achieved is unclear, but protein transport in cilia (intraflagellar transport, IFT) plays an important role. Several studies indicate that cilium length and function can be modulated by environmental cues. As a model, we study a C. elegans mutant that carries a dominant active G protein α subunit (gpa-3QL), resulting in altered IFT and short cilia. In a screen for suppressors of the gpa-3QL short cilium phenotype, we identified uev-3, which encodes an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant that acts in a MAP kinase pathway. Mutation of two other components of this pathway, dual leucine zipper-bearing MAPKKK DLK-1 and p38 MAPK PMK-3, also suppress the gpa-3QL short cilium phenotype. However, this suppression seems not to be caused by changes in IFT. The DLK-1/p38 pathway regulates several processes, including microtubule stability and endocytosis. We found that reducing endocytosis by mutating rabx-5 or rme-6, RAB-5 GEFs, or the clathrin heavy chain, suppresses gpa-3QL. In addition, gpa-3QL animals showed reduced levels of two GFP-tagged proteins involved in endocytosis, RAB-5 and DPY-23, whereas pmk-3 mutant animals showed accumulation of GFP-tagged RAB-5. Together our results reveal a new role for the DLK-1/p38 MAPK pathway in control of cilium length by regulating RAB-5 mediated endocytosis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolism ; Cilia/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/genetics ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/genetics ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors ; RABX-5 protein, C elegans ; RME-6 protein, C elegans ; gpa-3 protein, C elegans ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; pmk-3 protein, C elegans (EC 2.7.11.24) ; DLK-1 protein, C elegans (EC 2.7.11.25) ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases (EC 2.7.11.25) ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go (EC 3.6.5.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2186725-2
    ISSN 1553-7404 ; 1553-7390
    ISSN (online) 1553-7404
    ISSN 1553-7390
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005733
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Understanding phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate dynamics during autophagosome biogenesis.

    Cebollero, Eduardo / van der Vaart, Aniek / Reggiori, Fulvio

    Autophagy

    2012  Volume 8, Issue 12, Page(s) 1868–1870

    Abstract: Autophagosomes, the hallmark of autophagy, are double-membrane vesicles sequestering cytoplasmic components. They are generated at the phagophore assembly site (PAS), the phagophore being the precursor structure of these carriers. According to the ... ...

    Abstract Autophagosomes, the hallmark of autophagy, are double-membrane vesicles sequestering cytoplasmic components. They are generated at the phagophore assembly site (PAS), the phagophore being the precursor structure of these carriers. According to the current model, autophagosomes result from the elongation and reorganization of membranes at the PAS/phagophore driven by the concerted action of the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins. Once an autophagosome is completed, the Atg proteins that were associated with the expanding phagophore are released in the cytoplasm and reused for the biogenesis of new vesicles. One molecular event required for autophagosome formation is the generation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) at the PAS. Our data indicate that in addition to the synthesis of this lipid, the dephosphorylation of PtdIns3P is also crucial for autophagy progression. In the absence of Ymr1, a specific PtdIns3P phosphatase and the only yeast member of the myotubularin protein family, Atg proteins remain associated with complete autophagosomes, which are thus unable to fuse with the vacuole.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Multivesicular Bodies/metabolism ; Phagosomes/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates ; phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2454135-7
    ISSN 1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1554-8635
    ISSN 1554-8627
    DOI 10.4161/auto.22162
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The Golgi complex as a source for yeast autophagosomal membranes.

    van der Vaart, Aniek / Reggiori, Fulvio

    Autophagy

    2010  Volume 6, Issue 6, Page(s) 800–801

    Abstract: Today, more than 50 years after the discovery of autophagy, the origin of the autophagosomal membranes remains for the most part elusive. Many sources for the lipid bilayers have been proposed, but no conclusive evidence has been found to support one ... ...

    Abstract Today, more than 50 years after the discovery of autophagy, the origin of the autophagosomal membranes remains for the most part elusive. Many sources for the lipid bilayers have been proposed, but no conclusive evidence has been found to support one particular origin. The lipids do not appear to be generated at the site of autophagosome formation, the phagophore assembly site (PAS), since so far no lipid synthesizing enzyme has been found at this location. The current consensus is also that the autophagosomes do not directly bud off from a pre-existing compartment, and recent evidence in mammalian cells has revealed that the nascent autophagosome could expand through a lipid transfer mechanism from an adjacent organelle. In yeast, such an event has never been observed and data from our and other laboratories suggest that the Golgi complex could be a key player in mediating the expansion of the phagophore.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Golgi Apparatus/metabolism ; Intracellular Membranes/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Phagosomes/metabolism ; Protein Transport ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2454135-7
    ISSN 1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1554-8635
    ISSN 1554-8627
    DOI 10.1091/mbc.E09-04-0345
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Exit from the Golgi is required for the expansion of the autophagosomal phagophore in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    van der Vaart, Aniek / Griffith, Janice / Reggiori, Fulvio

    Molecular biology of the cell

    2010  Volume 21, Issue 13, Page(s) 2270–2284

    Abstract: The delivery of proteins and organelles to the vacuole by autophagy involves membrane rearrangements that result in the formation of large vesicles called autophagosomes. The mechanism underlying autophagosome biogenesis and the origin of the membranes ... ...

    Abstract The delivery of proteins and organelles to the vacuole by autophagy involves membrane rearrangements that result in the formation of large vesicles called autophagosomes. The mechanism underlying autophagosome biogenesis and the origin of the membranes composing these vesicles remains largely unclear. We have investigated the role of the Golgi complex in autophagy and have determined that in yeast, activation of ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf)1 and Arf2 GTPases by Sec7, Gea1, and Gea2 is essential for this catabolic process. The two main events catalyzed by these components, the biogenesis of COPI- and clathrin-coated vesicles, do not play a critical role in autophagy. Analysis of the sec7 strain under starvation conditions revealed that the autophagy machinery is correctly assembled and the precursor membrane cisterna of autophagosomes, the phagophore, is normally formed. However, the expansion of the phagophore into an autophagosome is severely impaired. Our data show that the Golgi complex plays a crucial role in supplying the lipid bilayers necessary for the biogenesis of double-membrane vesicles possibly through a new class of transport carriers or a new mechanism.
    MeSH term(s) ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1/genetics ; ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1/metabolism ; ADP-Ribosylation Factors/genetics ; ADP-Ribosylation Factors/metabolism ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Autophagy/physiology ; Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family ; Golgi Apparatus/metabolism ; Golgi Apparatus/ultrastructure ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/metabolism ; Intracellular Membranes/metabolism ; Intracellular Membranes/ultrastructure ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; Phagosomes/metabolism ; Phagosomes/ultrastructure ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; Vacuoles/metabolism
    Chemical Substances ATG8 protein, S cerevisiae ; Antifungal Agents ; Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family ; GEA1 protein, S cerevisiae ; GEA2 protein, S cerevisiae ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factors ; ARF2 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 3.6.1.-) ; ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 (EC 3.6.5.2) ; ADP-Ribosylation Factors (EC 3.6.5.2) ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1098979-1
    ISSN 1939-4586 ; 1059-1524
    ISSN (online) 1939-4586
    ISSN 1059-1524
    DOI 10.1091/mbc.E09-04-0345
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: A picky eater: exploring the mechanisms of selective autophagy in human pathologies.

    van der Vaart, Aniek / Mari, Muriel / Reggiori, Fulvio

    Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)

    2008  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 281–289

    Abstract: Autophagy is a catabolic process conserved among all eukaryotes essential for the cellular and organismal homeostasis. One of the principal roles of this pathway is to maintain an accurate balance between synthesis, degradation and subsequent recycling ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy is a catabolic process conserved among all eukaryotes essential for the cellular and organismal homeostasis. One of the principal roles of this pathway is to maintain an accurate balance between synthesis, degradation and subsequent recycling of cellular components. Under certain conditions, however, cells are also able to modulate autophagy and specifically remove a number of structures that are potentially harmful. Aberrant protein aggregates, damaged organelles or pathogens can be selectively incorporated into large double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes to be delivered into lysosomes for destruction. This ability to eliminate specific structures is exploited by the cells in several physiological processes as well as in multiple pathological situations, making autophagy a precious multitask cellular degradative pathway. In this review, we will first examine what is known about the basic mechanisms of autophagy and then discuss in a second part the nature of the cargoes that are selectively sequestered into autophagosomes, what provides the specificity and the possible implications of selective types of autophagy in human pathologies.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/pathology ; Aging/physiology ; Autophagy/genetics ; Autophagy/physiology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Genes, Fungal ; Humans ; Infection/pathology ; Infection/physiopathology ; Models, Biological ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Oxidative Stress ; Phagosomes/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/physiology
    Chemical Substances Multiprotein Complexes ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1483852-7
    ISSN 1600-0854 ; 1398-9219
    ISSN (online) 1600-0854
    ISSN 1398-9219
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00674.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate clearance plays a key role in autophagosome completion.

    Cebollero, Eduardo / van der Vaart, Aniek / Zhao, Mantong / Rieter, Ester / Klionsky, Daniel J / Helms, J Bernd / Reggiori, Fulvio

    Current biology : CB

    2012  Volume 22, Issue 17, Page(s) 1545–1553

    Abstract: Background: The biogenesis of autophagosomes, the hallmark of autophagy, depends on the function of the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins and the generation of phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) at the phagophore assembly site (PAS), the ... ...

    Abstract Background: The biogenesis of autophagosomes, the hallmark of autophagy, depends on the function of the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins and the generation of phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) at the phagophore assembly site (PAS), the location where autophagosomes arise. The current model is that PtdIns3P is involved primarily in the recruitment of Atg proteins to the PAS and that once an autophagosome is complete, the Atg machinery is released from its surface back into the cytoplasm and reused for the formation of new vesicles.
    Results: We have identified a PtdIns3P phosphatase, Ymr1, that is essential for the normal progression of both bulk and selective types of autophagy. This protein is recruited to the PAS at an early stage of formation of this structure through a process that requires both its GRAM domain and its catalytic activity. In the absence of Ymr1, Atg proteins fail to dissociate from the limiting membrane of autophagosomes, and these vesicles accumulate in the cytoplasm.
    Conclusions: Our data thus reveal a key role for PtdIns3P turnover in the regulation of the late steps of autophagosome biogenesis and indicate that the disassembly of the Atg machinery from the surface of autophagosomes is a requisite for their fusion with the vacuole.
    MeSH term(s) Autophagy/physiology ; Fungal Proteins/analysis ; Fungal Proteins/genetics ; Fungal Proteins/physiology ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Yeasts/cytology ; Yeasts/genetics ; Yeasts/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Fungal Proteins ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates ; phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-07-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: A Picky Eater: Exploring the Mechanisms of Selective Autophagy in Human Pathologies

    van der Vaart, Aniek / Mari, Muriel / Reggiori, Fulvio

    Traffic. 2008 Mar., v. 9, no. 3

    2008  

    Abstract: Autophagy is a catabolic process conserved among all eukaryotes essential for the cellular and organismal homeostasis. One of the principal roles of this pathway is to maintain an accurate balance between synthesis, degradation and subsequent recycling ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy is a catabolic process conserved among all eukaryotes essential for the cellular and organismal homeostasis. One of the principal roles of this pathway is to maintain an accurate balance between synthesis, degradation and subsequent recycling of cellular components. Under certain conditions, however, cells are also able to modulate autophagy and specifically remove a number of structures that are potentially harmful. Aberrant protein aggregates, damaged organelles or pathogens can be selectively incorporated into large double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes to be delivered into lysosomes for destruction. This ability to eliminate specific structures is exploited by the cells in several physiological processes as well as in multiple pathological situations, making autophagy a precious multitask cellular degradative pathway. In this review, we will first examine what is known about the basic mechanisms of autophagy and then discuss in a second part the nature of the cargoes that are selectively sequestered into autophagosomes, what provides the specificity and the possible implications of selective types of autophagy in human pathologies.
    Keywords degradation ; immunity ; vacuoles
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2008-03
    Size p. 281-289.
    Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Publishing place Oxford, UK
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1483852-7
    ISSN 1600-0854 ; 1398-9219
    ISSN (online) 1600-0854
    ISSN 1398-9219
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00674.x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Autophagy competes for a common phosphatidylethanolamine pool with major cellular PE-consuming pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    Wilson-Zbinden, Caroline / dos Santos, Aline Xavier da Silveira / Stoffel-Studer, Ingrid / van der Vaart, Aniek / Hofmann, Kay / Reggiori, Fulvio / Riezman, Howard / Kraft, Claudine / Peter, Matthias

    Genetics

    2014  Volume 199, Issue 2, Page(s) 475–485

    Abstract: Autophagy is a highly regulated pathway that selectively degrades cellular constituents such as protein aggregates and excessive or damaged organelles. This transport route is characterized by engulfment of the targeted cargo by autophagosomes. The ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy is a highly regulated pathway that selectively degrades cellular constituents such as protein aggregates and excessive or damaged organelles. This transport route is characterized by engulfment of the targeted cargo by autophagosomes. The formation of these double-membrane vesicles requires the covalent conjugation of the ubiquitin-like protein Atg8 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). However, the origin of PE and the regulation of lipid flux required for autophagy remain poorly understood. Using a genetic screen, we found that the temperature-sensitive growth and intracellular membrane organization defects of mcd4-174 and mcd4-P301L mutants are suppressed by deletion of essential autophagy genes such as ATG1 or ATG7. MCD4 encodes an ethanolamine phosphate transferase that uses PE as a precursor for an essential step in the synthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor used to link a subset of plasma membrane proteins to lipid bilayers. Similar to the deletion of CHO2, a gene encoding the enzyme converting PE to phosphatidylcholine (PC), deletion of ATG7 was able to restore lipidation and plasma membrane localization of the GPI-anchored protein Gas1 and normal organization of intracellular membranes. Conversely, overexpression of Cho2 was lethal in mcd4-174 cells grown at restrictive temperature. Quantitative lipid analysis revealed that PE levels are substantially reduced in the mcd4-174 mutant but can be restored by deletion of ATG7 or CHO2. Taken together, these data suggest that autophagy competes for a common PE pool with major cellular PE-consuming pathways such as the GPI anchor and PC synthesis, highlighting the possible interplay between these pathways and the existence of signals that may coordinate PE flux.
    MeSH term(s) Autophagy/genetics ; Ethanolamines/metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, Essential ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Mutation ; Phosphatidylethanolamines/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Ethanolamines ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; phosphatidylethanolamine (39382-08-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2167-2
    ISSN 1943-2631 ; 0016-6731
    ISSN (online) 1943-2631
    ISSN 0016-6731
    DOI 10.1534/genetics.114.169797
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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