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Article ; Online: Low Part-Per-Trillion, Humidity Resistant Detection of Nitric Oxide Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators.

Xu, Yinchao / Stanko, Allison M / Cerione, Chloe S / Lohrey, Trevor D / McLeod, Euan / Stoltz, Brian M / Su, Judith

ACS applied materials & interfaces

2024 Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) 5120–5128

Abstract: ... Although the detection of dissolved nitric oxide in vivo has been widely explored, highly sensitive (i.e., low part ...

Abstract	The nitric oxide radical plays pivotal roles in physiological as well as atmospheric contexts. Although the detection of dissolved nitric oxide in vivo has been widely explored, highly sensitive (i.e., low part-per-trillion level), selective, and humidity-resistant detection of gaseous nitric oxide in air remains challenging. In the field, humidity can have dramatic effects on the accuracy and selectivity of gas sensors, confounding data, and leading to overestimation of gas concentration. Highly selective and humidity-resistant gaseous NO sensors based on laser-induced graphene were recently reported, displaying a limit of detection (LOD) of 8.3 ppb. Although highly sensitive (LOD = 590 ppq) single-wall carbon nanotube NO sensors have been reported, these sensors lack selectivity and humidity resistance. In this report, we disclose a highly sensitive (LOD = 2.34 ppt), selective, and humidity-resistant nitric oxide sensor based on a whispering-gallery mode microtoroid optical resonator. Excellent analyte selectivity was enabled via novel ferrocene-containing polymeric coatings synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization. Utilizing a frequency locked optical whispering evanescent resonator system, the microtoroid's real-time resonance frequency shift response to nitric oxide was tracked with subfemtometer resolution. The lowest concentration experimentally detected was 6.4 ppt, which is the lowest reported to date. Additionally, the performance of the sensor remained consistent across different humidity environments. Lastly, the impact of the chemical composition and molecular weight of the novel ferrocene-containing polymeric coatings on sensing performance was evaluated. We anticipate that our results will have impact on a wide variety of fields where NO sensing is important such as medical diagnostics through exhaled breath, determination of planetary habitability, climate change, air quality monitoring, and treating cardiovascular and neurological disorders.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1944-8252
ISSN (online)	1944-8252
DOI	10.1021/acsami.3c16012
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Article ; Online: Health Inequity in Likelihood and Time to Renal Recovery after Living Kidney Donation: Implications for Kidney Health in Black Americans.

Rabbani, Muhammad Umaid / Reed, Rhiannon D / McLeod, Marshall C / MacLennan, Paul A / Kumar, Vineeta / Locke, Jayme E

Journal of the American College of Surgeons

2024 Volume 238, Issue 4, Page(s) 647–653

Abstract: Background: Live donor kidney transplantation has been popularized to help mitigate the organ shortage crisis. At the time of living donor nephrectomy, living donors lose 50% of their kidney function or glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Studies have ... ...

Abstract	Background: Live donor kidney transplantation has been popularized to help mitigate the organ shortage crisis. At the time of living donor nephrectomy, living donors lose 50% of their kidney function or glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Studies have shown that in healthy living donors, the remaining kidney is able to adapt and recover 10% to 25% of postdonation lost GFR. GFR recovery is critical to long-term kidney health, particularly for Black Americans who disproportionately suffer from kidney disease with an incidence 2.5 times White Americans. To date, no study has examined whether health inequities in renal recovery postdonation exist. Study design: We retrospectively analyzed 100,121 living kidney donors reported to the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients between 1999 and 2021. We estimated GFR (eGFR) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration 2021 equation and predicted the likelihood (logistic regression) and time (Cox regression) to recovery of 60% and 75% predonation eGFR. Models adjusted for age, sex, race, BMI, and predonation eGFR. Results: Black patients were 47% (adjusted odds ratio 0.53, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.56, p < 0.001) and 43% (adjusted odds ratio 0.57, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.60, p < 0.001) less likely to recover 60% and 75% of predonation eGFR, respectively, compared with their White counterparts. The hazard ratio for time to renal recovery of 60% and 75% of predonation eGFR was 22% (adjusted hazard ratio 0.78, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.80, p < 0.001) and 38% (adjusted hazard ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.65, p < 0.001) lower, respectively, than White patients. Conclusions: Black living kidney donors were less likely to recover predonation eGFR, and time to renal recovery was significantly longer than their White counterparts. These data highlight the need for enhanced living kidney donor follow-up, particularly for Black living kidney donors who are at greatest future risk of end-stage kidney disease.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Black or African American ; Retrospective Studies ; Kidney Transplantation ; Nephrectomy ; Kidney/surgery ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Risk Factors ; Living Donors ; Health Inequities
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1181115-8
ISSN	1879-1190 ; 1072-7515
ISSN (online)	1879-1190
ISSN	1072-7515
DOI	10.1097/XCS.0000000000000970
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Article ; Online: Effect of Active Motor Learning Interventions on Gross Motor Function and Mobility in Children Aged 2 to 6 Years With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

McLeod, Kate L / Thorley, Megan / Reedman, Sarah E / Chatfield, Mark D / Sakzewski, Leanne

Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association

2023 Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 412–428

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to identify evidence-based interventions to promote active motor learning in children aged 2 to 6 years with bilateral cerebral palsy.: Summary of key points: Seven randomized clinical trials of ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to identify evidence-based interventions to promote active motor learning in children aged 2 to 6 years with bilateral cerebral palsy. Summary of key points: Seven randomized clinical trials of active motor learning interventions targeting gross motor function and mobility were included. Two studies compared context-focused therapy to child-focused therapy. Five studies compared active motor therapy to usual care. Context-focused therapy, child-focused therapy, and active motor therapy were comparable to usual care to improve functional mobility and gross motor function. Conclusions and recommendations for clinical practice: There are limited active intervention studies targeting gross motor function for young children with bilateral cerebral palsy. The authors recommend consideration of the clinical good practice guidelines, dosage parameters, and improved reporting methods when implementing active motor learning interventions targeting gross motor function and mobility for children with cerebral palsy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation ; Motor Skills ; Movement
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1036679-9
ISSN	1538-005X ; 0898-5669
ISSN (online)	1538-005X
ISSN	0898-5669
DOI	10.1097/PEP.0000000000001041
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Article ; Online: Twenty-seven years of primary salivary gland carcinoma in Wales: an analysis of histological subtype and associated risk factors.

Leopard, D / El-Hitti, E / Puttasiddaiah, P / Mcleod, R / Owens, D

The Journal of laryngology and otology

2022 Volume 136, Issue 2, Page(s) 167–172

Abstract: Objective: Risk factors for salivary gland carcinoma are poorly understood. Although links between background radiation, smoking and obesity have been previously suggested, no studies have so far established any significant results. This study aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Risk factors for salivary gland carcinoma are poorly understood. Although links between background radiation, smoking and obesity have been previously suggested, no studies have so far established any significant results. This study aimed to establish correlations between common environmental and lifestyle risk factors and different subtypes of salivary gland carcinoma. Method: A study of population data in Wales spanning 27 years was conducted; 2 national databases were used to identify 356 cases of primary salivary gland carcinoma over this period. Histological subtype of cancer and geographical location of each case was recorded. Public health data was used to establish radon levels, smoking, obesity and activity levels of populations in each geographical location. A population matched multivariate analysis of variance analysis was performed using histological subtype and risk factor data for each geographical location. Results: A significantly higher incidence of mucoepidermoid cancer in populations with higher background radon levels (p = 0.006), epithelial-myoepithelial cancer in populations with higher smoking levels (p = 0.029) and adenoid cystic cancer in populations with higher obesity levels (p = 0.028) was found. Conclusion: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to establish significant links between background radiation, smoking and obesity with different subtypes of salivary gland carcinoma.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Carcinogens, Environmental ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell/pathology ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/pathology ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Myoepithelioma/epidemiology ; Myoepithelioma/pathology ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Radon Daughters ; Risk Factors ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Wales/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Carcinogens, Environmental ; Radon Daughters
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218299-3
ISSN	1748-5460 ; 0022-2151
ISSN (online)	1748-5460
ISSN	0022-2151
DOI	10.1017/S002221512200007X
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Article ; Online: Global Health in the ANZ Journal of Surgery.

McLeod, Elizabeth / Watters, David

ANZ journal of surgery

2020 Volume 90, Issue 10, Page(s) 1833–1834

MeSH term(s)	Australia ; General Surgery ; Global Health ; Humans ; New Zealand ; Periodicals as Topic ; Publishing
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-31
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2050749-5
ISSN	1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
ISSN (online)	1445-2197
ISSN	1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
DOI	10.1111/ans.16305
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Article ; Online: Where is the greatest potential for resource recovery in wastewater treatment plants?

Renfrew, D / Vasilaki, V / McLeod, A / Lake, A / Danishvar, S / Katsou, E

Water research

2022 Volume 220, Page(s) 118673

Abstract: The restorative and regenerative ability of the circular economy has led to the rapid growth of this concept over the past decade, as it facilitates the broadly adopted principles of sustainable development and beyond, through restorative and ... ...

Abstract	The restorative and regenerative ability of the circular economy has led to the rapid growth of this concept over the past decade, as it facilitates the broadly adopted principles of sustainable development and beyond, through restorative and regenerative actions. The water sector is poised to benefit from this transition, due to its intrinsic circularity and the resources it handles, predominantly found in wastewater, that are valuable and critical. Currently, the vast range of resource recovery technologies coupled with few industrial examples hinder strategic decision making. Resource recovery on a regional scale improves market share and mitigates investment risk, therefore, a structured approach has been developed for the selection of priority technologies to act as a guide for strategic planning. A representative UK wastewater model acts as the baseline, with multi-criteria analysis used to select resources and create an enhanced resource recovery scenario. It was found that implementing the recovery of 5 'priority resources' (and technology pathways) increased nitrogen and phosphorus recovery by 68% and 71%, respectively. Lastly, the need for a cross-cutting approach for the holistic assessment of circular solutions is discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Nitrogen ; Phosphorus ; Waste Water/analysis ; Water ; Water Purification
Chemical Substances	Waste Water ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Phosphorus (27YLU75U4W) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	202613-2
ISSN	1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
ISSN (online)	1879-2448
ISSN	0043-1354
DOI	10.1016/j.watres.2022.118673
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Article ; Online: Equitable access to speech practice for rural Australian children using the SayBananas! mobile game.

McLeod, Sharynne / Kelly, Grace / Ahmed, Beena / Ballard, Kirrie J

International journal of speech-language pathology

2023 Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 388–402

Abstract: ... questionnaire, (d) online pre-assessment, (e) SayBananas! intervention using motor learning principles (4 weeks ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the effect, usage, and user-experience for SayBananas!, a Mario-style mobile game providing Australian children access to high-dose individualised speech therapy practice. Method: Participants were 45 rural Australian children with speech sound disorders (SSD; 4;4-10;5 years) with internet access. This mixed-methods study involved: (a) recruitment, (b) eligibility screening, (c) questionnaire, (d) online pre-assessment, (e) SayBananas! intervention using motor learning principles (4 weeks, 10-15 target words), and (f) online post-assessment and interview. Usage and performance were automatically monitored. Result: Most participants were highly engaged with SayBananas! completing a median of 44.71 trials/session (∼45% of the 100 trial/session target, range 7-194). After intervention, participants made significant gains on treated words and on formal assessment of percentage of consonants, vowels, and phonemes correct. There was no reliable change for parent-rated intelligibility or children's feelings about talking. The number of practice sessions was significantly correlated with percent change on treated words. On average, children rated the app as "happy/good/fun" providing detailed drawings of playing SayBananas!. Families provided high ratings of engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and quality. Conclusion: SayBananas! is a viable and engaging solution for rural Australian children with SSD to gain access to equitable, cost-effective speech practice. The amount of app use was associated with amount of speech production improvement over a 4-week period.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Speech ; Mobile Applications ; Australia ; Video Games ; Speech Production Measurement ; Speech Sound Disorder/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2402483-1
ISSN	1754-9515 ; 1754-9507
ISSN (online)	1754-9515
ISSN	1754-9507
DOI	10.1080/17549507.2023.2205057
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Article ; Online: Patient-Level and Center-Level Factors Associated with Required Predonation Weight Loss among Obese Living Kidney Donors.

Perry, Jackson / McLeod, M Chandler / Reed, Rhiannon D / Baker, Gavin A / Stanford, Luke A / Allen, Joshua / Jones, Bernarez / Robinson, Tayana / MacLennan, Paul A / Kumar, Vineeta / Locke, Jayme E

Kidney360

2024 Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 437–444

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Obesity/complications ; Kidney ; Weight Loss
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2641-7650
ISSN (online)	2641-7650
DOI	10.34067/KID.0000000000000381
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Article ; Online: Refining the process: Safety net dental professionals' experiences with teledentistry implementation during the first year of COVID-19.

McLeod, Caroline D / Heaton, Lisa J / Chung-Bridges, Katherine / Raskin, Sarah E

Journal of public health dentistry

2022 Volume 83, Issue 2, Page(s) 212–216

Abstract: Objectives: Teledentistry helped dentistry adapt to pandemic-era challenges; little is known about dental professionals' teledentistry experiences during this time. This analysis sought to understand professionals' pandemic teledentistry experiences and ...

Abstract	Objectives: Teledentistry helped dentistry adapt to pandemic-era challenges; little is known about dental professionals' teledentistry experiences during this time. This analysis sought to understand professionals' pandemic teledentistry experiences and expectations for the modality's future. Methods: We conducted virtual individual interviews (n = 21) via Zoom to understand how federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) delivered oral care during the first year of the pandemic, including but not limited to the use of teledentistry. We independently coded each transcript, then identified themes and sub-themes. Results: We identified three major themes: (1) Logistical and equity considerations shaped teledentistry's adoption; (2) Team-based factors influenced implementation; and (3) Teledentistry's future is as-yet undetermined. Conclusions: Experiences with teledentistry during the first year of COVID-19 varied substantially. Future directions should be more deliberate to counter the urgency of pandemic-style implementation and must address appropriate use, reimbursement guidance, patient and provider challenges, and customizability to each clinic's context.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Telemedicine ; Dentists
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	410719-6
ISSN	1752-7325 ; 0022-4006
ISSN (online)	1752-7325
ISSN	0022-4006
DOI	10.1111/jphd.12547
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Article ; Online: A guide to outcome evaluation of simulation-based education programmes in low and middle-income countries.

Robinson, Samuel Ja / Yin Mar Oo / Ljuhar, Damir / McLeod, Elizabeth / Pacilli, Maurizio / Nataraja, Ramesh M

ANZ journal of surgery

2024

Abstract: Evaluation is a vital part of any learning activity and is essential to optimize and improve educational programmes. It should be considered and prioritized prior to the implementation of any learning activity. However, comprehensive programme evaluation ...

Abstract	Evaluation is a vital part of any learning activity and is essential to optimize and improve educational programmes. It should be considered and prioritized prior to the implementation of any learning activity. However, comprehensive programme evaluation is rarely conducted, and there are numerous barriers to high-quality evaluation. This review provides a framework for conducting outcome evaluation of simulation-based education programmes in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The basis of evaluation, including core ideas of theory, purpose and structure are outlined, followed by an examination of the levels and healthcare applications of the Kirkpatrick model of evaluation. Then, methods of conducting evaluation of simulation-based education in LMICs are discussed through the lens of a successful surgical simulation programme in Myanmar, a lower-middle-income country. The programme involved the evaluation of 11 courses over 4 years in Myanmar and demonstrated evaluation at the highest level of the Kirkpatrick model. Reviewing this programme provides a bridge between evaluation theory and practical implementation. A range of evaluation methods are outlined, including surveys, interviews, and clinical outcome measurement. The importance of a mixed-methods approach, enabling triangulation of quantitative and qualitative analysis, is highlighted, as are methods of analysing data, including statistical and thematic analysis. Finally, issues and challenges of conducting evaluation are considered, as well as strategies to overcome these barriers. Ultimately, this review informs readers about evaluation theory and methods, grounded in a practical application, to enable other educators in low-resource settings to evaluate their own activities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-30
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2050749-5
ISSN	1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
ISSN (online)	1445-2197
ISSN	1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
DOI	10.1111/ans.18987
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