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Article ; Online: Going with the flow: updating old techniques to gain insight into regional kidney hemodynamics.

O'Connor, Paul M

2019 Volume 7, Issue 9, Page(s) e14103

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Hemodynamics/physiology ; Kidney/blood supply ; Regional Blood Flow ; Renal Circulation/physiology ; Silicone Elastomers
Chemical Substances	Silicone Elastomers
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2724325-4
ISSN	2051-817X ; 2051-817X
ISSN (online)	2051-817X
ISSN	2051-817X
DOI	10.14814/phy2.14103
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Development and validation of the perceived approval of Risky Drinking Inventory in undergraduate students.

Hines, Sarah A / Morin, Alexandre J S / Norman, Paul / Read, Jennifer P / O'Connor, Roisin M

Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors

2024

Abstract: Objective: Undergraduates frequently engage in risky drinking (i.e., drinking alcohol in ways that may result in problems). The reasoned action approach identifies injunctive norms (i.e., perceptions that others approve of risky drinking) as central in ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Undergraduates frequently engage in risky drinking (i.e., drinking alcohol in ways that may result in problems). The reasoned action approach identifies injunctive norms (i.e., perceptions that others approve of risky drinking) as central in predicting engagement in risky drinking. However, research linking injunctive norms and risky drinking is equivocal, possibly because of extensive variability in the operationalization of injunctive norms across studies. This study describes the development and validation of the Perceived Approval of Risky Drinking Inventory (PARDI), designed according to best practice guidelines in questionnaire development. Method: Undergraduate students ( Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a 20-item four-factor solution (Heavy Drinking, Drinking-Related Problems, Coping-Related Drinking, and Sexual-Risk Taking) across the three assessed referent groups (friends, parents, and typical students), all of which present satisfactory estimates of scale score and composite reliability. The results also provided preliminary support for the convergent validity of scores obtained on the PARDI, as demonstrated through correlations with other measures of perceived norms, alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, and coping-motivated drinking. Finally, the results supported the generalizability of the PARDI factor structure by demonstrating its measurement invariance across gender and drinking status (i.e., alcohol use and problems). Conclusions: The PARDI represents a reliable, valid, yet nuanced measure of injunctive norms that can be used to support further theory development and intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2101111-4
ISSN	1939-1501 ; 0893-164X
ISSN (online)	1939-1501
ISSN	0893-164X
DOI	10.1037/adb0000990
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Article ; Online: Grief-focused cognitive behavioral therapies for prolonged grief symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Komischke-Konnerup, Katrine B / Zachariae, Robert / Boelen, Paul A / Marello, Madeline Marie / O'Connor, Maja

Journal of consulting and clinical psychology

2024 Volume 92, Issue 4, Page(s) 236–248

Abstract: ... included 22 studies of 2,602 bereaved adults (averaged study M: Conclusion: This review suggests ...

Abstract	Background: Studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) may be efficacious in reducing symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), but no comprehensive overview and pooled estimate of CBTs' effect on PGD in adulthood exist. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Method: Studies were selected independently by two researchers based on a systematic literature search in Pubmed, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Embase. Meta-analyses provided pooled effect sizes for the effects of CBTs on PGD symptoms and secondary outcomes. We explored potential moderators of effect, risk of bias of included studies, and evaluated the quality of the meta-analytical evidence through the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Results: The meta-analysis included 22 studies of 2,602 bereaved adults (averaged study M Conclusion: This review suggests that CBTs are efficacious in reducing PGD symptoms in adulthood. Generalization of findings should be done with caution due to considerable inconsistency and indirectness of meta-analytic evidence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; Databases, Factual ; Grief
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121321-0
ISSN	1939-2117 ; 0022-006X
ISSN (online)	1939-2117
ISSN	0022-006X
DOI	10.1037/ccp0000884
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Article: FABEL: Forecasting Animal Behavioral Events with Deep Learning-Based Computer Vision.

Catto, Adam / O'Connor, Richard / Braunscheidel, Kevin M / Kenny, Paul J / Shen, Li

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Behavioral neuroscience aims to provide a connection between neural phenomena and emergent organism-level behaviors. This requires perturbing the nervous system and observing behavioral outcomes, and comparing observed post-perturbation behavior with ... ...

Abstract	Behavioral neuroscience aims to provide a connection between neural phenomena and emergent organism-level behaviors. This requires perturbing the nervous system and observing behavioral outcomes, and comparing observed post-perturbation behavior with predicted counterfactual behavior and therefore accurate behavioral forecasts. In this study we present FABEL, a deep learning method for forecasting future animal behaviors and locomotion trajectories from historical locomotion alone. We train an offline pose estimation network to predict animal body-part locations in behavioral video; then sequences of pose vectors are input to deep learning time-series forecasting models. Specifically, we train an LSTM network that predicts a future food interaction event in a specified time window, and a Temporal Fusion Transformer that predicts future trajectories of animal body-parts, which are then converted into probabilistic label forecasts. Importantly, accurate prediction of food interaction provides a basis for neurobehavioral intervention in the context of compulsive eating. We show promising results on forecasting tasks between 100 milliseconds and 5 seconds timescales. Because the model takes only behavioral video as input, it can be adapted to any behavioral task and does not require specific physiological readouts. Simultaneously, these deep learning models may serve as extensible modules that can accommodate diverse signals, such as in-vivo fluorescence imaging and electrophysiology, which may improve behavior forecasts and elucidate invervention targets for desired behavioral change.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.03.15.584610
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Article ; Online: Utility of 'substance use disorder' as a heuristic for understanding overeating and obesity.

O'Connor, Richard M / Kenny, Paul J

Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry

2022 Volume 118, Page(s) 110580

Abstract: Rates of obesity and obesity-associated diseases have increased dramatically in countries with developed economies. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by the persistent use of the substance despite negative consequences. It has been ... ...

Abstract	Rates of obesity and obesity-associated diseases have increased dramatically in countries with developed economies. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by the persistent use of the substance despite negative consequences. It has been hypothesized that overconsumption of palatable energy dense food can elicit SUD-like maladaptive behaviors that contribute to persistent caloric intake beyond homeostatic need even in the face of negative consequences. Palatable food and drugs of abuse act on many of the same motivation-related circuits in the brain, and can induce, at least superficially, similar molecular, cellular, and physiological adaptations on these circuits. As such, applying knowledge about the neurobiological mechanisms of SUDs may serve as useful heuristic to better understand the persistent overconsumption of palatable food that contributes to obesity. However, many important differences exist between the actions of drugs of abuse and palatable food in the brain. This warrants caution when attributing weight gain and obesity to the manifestation of a putative SUD-related behavioral disorder. Here, we describe similarities and differences between compulsive drug use in SUDs and overconsumption in obesity and consider the merit of the concept of "food addiction".
MeSH term(s)	Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Heuristics ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Obesity ; Substance-Related Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	781181-0
ISSN	1878-4216 ; 0278-5846
ISSN (online)	1878-4216
ISSN	0278-5846
DOI	10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110580
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Zs.A 1342: Show issues

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Article ; Online: New mechanisms for the kidney-protective effect of alkali in chronic kidney disease.

O'Connor, Paul M / Mannon, Elinor C

Clinical science (London, England : 1979)

2022 Volume 136, Issue 20, Page(s) 1433–1437

Abstract: Worldwide, more than one in ten adults are estimated to have chronic kidney disease (CKD). As CKD progresses, both the cost of treatment and associated risk of morbidity and mortality increase exponentially. As such, there is a great need for therapies ... ...

Abstract	Worldwide, more than one in ten adults are estimated to have chronic kidney disease (CKD). As CKD progresses, both the cost of treatment and associated risk of morbidity and mortality increase exponentially. As such, there is a great need for therapies that effectively slow CKD progression. Evidence from several small clinical trials indicates that alkali therapy may slow the rate of CKD progression. The biological mechanisms underlying this protective effect, however, remain unknown. In their recently published manuscript, Pastor Arroyo et al. (Clin Sci (Lond) (2022) 136(8): https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20220095) demonstrate that the alkali sodium bicarbonate protects against loss of renal function in a crystal nephropathy model in mice. Using unbiased approaches in both mice and human tissue, the authors go on to identify two novel mechanisms that may underly this protection. The first pathway is through promoting pathways of cell metabolism, which they speculate helps the remaining functional nephrons adapt to the greater metabolic needs required to maintain kidney filtration. The second pathway is by restoration of α-Klotho levels, which may limit the expression of adhesion molecules in the injured kidney. This, the authors speculate, may prevent inflammation from driving the functional decline of the kidney. Identifying these novel pathways represents an important step forward harnessing the potential benefits of alkali therapy in CKD.
MeSH term(s)	Alkalies/metabolism ; Alkalies/pharmacology ; Alkalies/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Mice ; Nephrons/metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism ; Sodium Bicarbonate/pharmacology ; Sodium Bicarbonate/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Alkalies ; Sodium Bicarbonate (8MDF5V39QO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	206835-7
ISSN	1470-8736 ; 0301-0538 ; 0009-0360 ; 0143-5221
ISSN (online)	1470-8736
ISSN	0301-0538 ; 0009-0360 ; 0143-5221
DOI	10.1042/CS20220395
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Article ; Online: Anionic liposome formulation for oral delivery of thuricin CD, a potential antimicrobial peptide therapeutic.

Viera Herrera, Camila / O'Connor, Paula M / Ratrey, Poonam / Paul Ross, R / Hill, Colin / Hudson, Sarah P

International journal of pharmaceutics

2024 Volume 654, Page(s) 123918

Abstract: Thuricin CD is a two-peptide antimicrobial produced by Bacillus thuringiensis. Unlike previous antibiotics, it has shown narrow spectrum activity against Clostridioides difficile, a bacterium capable of causing infectious disease in the colon. However, ... ...

Abstract	Thuricin CD is a two-peptide antimicrobial produced by Bacillus thuringiensis. Unlike previous antibiotics, it has shown narrow spectrum activity against Clostridioides difficile, a bacterium capable of causing infectious disease in the colon. However, peptide antibiotics have stability, solubility, and permeability problems that can affect their performance in vivo. This work focuses on the bioactivity and bioavailability of thuricin CD with a view to developing a formulation for delivery of active thuricin CD peptides through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) for local delivery in the colon. The results indicate that thuricin CD is active at low concentrations only when both peptides are present. While thuricin CD was degraded by proteases and was unstable and poorly soluble in gastric fluid, it showed increased solubility in intestinal fluid, probably due to micelle encapsulation. Based on this, thuricin CD was encapsulated in anionic liposomes, which showed increased activity compared to the free peptide, maintained activity after exposure to pepsin in gastric fluid and intestinal fluid, was stable in suspension for over 21 days at room temperature and for 60 days at 4 °C, and exhibited no toxicity to epithelial intestinal cells. These findings suggest that an anionic lipid-based nano formulation may be a promising approach for local oral delivery of thuricin CD.
MeSH term(s)	Liposomes ; Antimicrobial Peptides ; Bacteriocins ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	thuricin (37311-35-6) ; Liposomes ; Antimicrobial Peptides ; Bacteriocins ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	428962-6
ISSN	1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
ISSN (online)	1873-3476
ISSN	0378-5173
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123918
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Zs.A 1409: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Revisiting the Importance of Orthobunyaviruses for Animal Health: A Scoping Review of Livestock Disease, Diagnostic Tests, and Surveillance Strategies for the Simbu Serogroup.

O'Connor, Tiffany W / Hick, Paul M / Finlaison, Deborah S / Kirkland, Peter D / Toribio, Jenny-Ann L M L

Viruses

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2

Abstract: Orthobunyaviruses ( ... ...

Abstract	Orthobunyaviruses (order
MeSH term(s)	Cattle ; Animals ; Orthobunyavirus ; Simbu virus ; Livestock ; Bunyaviridae Infections/diagnosis ; Bunyaviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Bunyaviridae Infections/veterinary ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Serogroup ; Cattle Diseases/diagnosis ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v16020294
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Article ; Online: The impact of live dietary microbes on health: A scoping review.

Iyer, Ajay / Mukherjee, Arghya / Gómez-Sala, Beatriz / O'Connor, Eibhlís M / Kenny, John G / Cotter, Paul D

Journal of food science

2024 Volume 89, Issue 2, Page(s) 773–792

Abstract: A systematic approach to collect, peruse, and summarize the available information relating to the potential benefits of consuming dietary microbes was pursued in this scoping review. This review focused on the research endpoints, experimental designs, ... ...

Abstract	A systematic approach to collect, peruse, and summarize the available information relating to the potential benefits of consuming dietary microbes was pursued in this scoping review. This review focused on the research endpoints, experimental designs, and microbial exposure in experimental as well as observational research work. Using a structured- set of keywords, scientific databases were systematically searched to retrieve publications reporting outcomes pertaining to the use of dietary microbes in healthy, nonpatient populations. Searches were further tailored to focus on eight different health categories, namely, "antibiotic associated diarrhoea" (AAD), "gastrointestinal health" (GIH), "immunological health" (ImH), "cardiovascular health and metabolic syndrome" (CvHMS), "cancer prevention" (CanPr), "respiratory health" (ReH), "weight management" (WtMgt), and "urogenital health" (UrGH). Quality of evidence available in each publication was assessed using the Jadad scoring system. The search yielded 228 relevant publications describing 282 experimental cases comprising 62 research endpoints overall. A microbial dose of
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Diet ; Diarrhea ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Metabolic Syndrome
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	241615-3
ISSN	1750-3841 ; 0022-1147
ISSN (online)	1750-3841
ISSN	0022-1147
DOI	10.1111/1750-3841.16893
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Article ; Online: Connecting a disconnected trial network with a new trial: optimizing the estimation of a comparative effect in a network meta-analysis.

McKeen, Lauren / Morris, Paul / Wang, Chong / Morris, Max D / O'Connor, Annette M

BMC medical research methodology

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 79

Abstract: Background: In network meta-analysis, estimation of a comparative effect can be performed for treatments that are connected either directly or indirectly. However, disconnected trial networks may arise, which poses a challenge to comparing all available ...

Abstract	Background: In network meta-analysis, estimation of a comparative effect can be performed for treatments that are connected either directly or indirectly. However, disconnected trial networks may arise, which poses a challenge to comparing all available treatments of interest. Several modeling approaches attempt to compare treatments from disconnected networks but not without strong assumptions and limitations. Conducting a new trial to connect a disconnected network can enable calculation of all treatment comparisons and help researchers maximize the value of the existing networks. Here, we develop an approach to finding the best connecting trial given a specific comparison of interest. Methods: We present formulas to quantify the variation in the estimation of a particular comparative effect of interest for any possible connecting two-arm trial. We propose a procedure to identify the optimal connecting trial that minimizes this variation in effect estimation. Results: We show that connecting two treatments indirectly might be preferred to direct connection through a new trial, by leveraging information from the existing disconnected networks. Using a real network of studies on the use of vaccines in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), we illustrate a procedure to identify the best connecting trial and confirm our findings via simulation. Conclusion: Researchers wishing to conduct a connecting two-arm study can use the procedure provided here to identify the best connecting trial. The choice of trial that minimizes the variance of a comparison of interest is network dependent and it is possible that connecting treatments indirectly may be preferred to direct connection.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Humans ; Network Meta-Analysis ; Computer Simulation ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2041362-2
ISSN	1471-2288 ; 1471-2288
ISSN (online)	1471-2288
ISSN	1471-2288
DOI	10.1186/s12874-023-01896-7
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