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  1. Article ; Online: Celebrating vaccines: The 2023 Nobel prize in medicine or physiology.

    Poland, Gregory A / Raina MacIntyre, C

    Vaccine

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 1409–1410

    MeSH term(s) Nobel Prize
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.10.056
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  2. Article ; Online: Navigating post-vaccine COVID-19 futures in the health and economic context.

    MacIntyre, C Raina

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 893–894

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Forecasting ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00126-2
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  3. Article ; Online: Is Australia ready for monkeypox?

    MacIntyre, C Raina / Grulich, Andrew E

    The Medical journal of Australia

    2022  Volume 217, Issue 4, Page(s) 193–194

    MeSH term(s) Australia ; Humans ; Mpox (monkeypox)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-17
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 186082-3
    ISSN 1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
    ISSN (online) 1326-5377
    ISSN 0025-729X
    DOI 10.5694/mja2.51647
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  4. Article ; Online: On a knife's edge of a COVID-19 pandemic: is containment still possible?

    MacIntyre, C Raina

    Public health research & practice

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 1

    MeSH term(s) Asymptomatic Diseases ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Global Health ; Humans ; Infection Control/methods ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Patient Isolation ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Quarantine ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Ships ; Travel
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-10
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2204-2091
    ISSN (online) 2204-2091
    DOI 10.17061/phrp3012000
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  5. Article ; Online: Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019nCoV – update February 7th 2020

    C Raina Macintyre

    Global Biosecurity, Vol 1, Iss

    2020  Volume 3

    Keywords 2019ncov ; coronavirus ; sars ; mers cov ; epidemic ; china ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of New South Wales
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: The impact of the cruise ship coral princess on COVID-19 transmission in regional Western Australia in 2022.

    Quigley, Ashley L / Kunasekaran, Mohana / Stone, Haley / Honeyman, Damian / Notaras, Adriana / Lim, Samsung / MacIntyre, C Raina

    Journal of travel medicine

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1212504-0
    ISSN 1708-8305 ; 1195-1982
    ISSN (online) 1708-8305
    ISSN 1195-1982
    DOI 10.1093/jtm/taae044
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  7. Article ; Online: Reevaluating the Risk of Smallpox Reemergence.

    MacIntyre, C Raina

    Military medicine

    2020  Volume 185, Issue 7-8, Page(s) e952–e957

    Abstract: ... The ranking of categories A, B, and C agents should also be revisited, as there is an endless possibility ...

    Abstract Introduction: Smallpox, caused by variola virus, was eradicated in 1980, but remains a category A bioterrorism agent. A decade ago, smallpox ranked second after anthrax in a multifactorial risk priority scoring analysis of category A bioterrorism agents. However, advances in genetic engineering and synthetic biology, including published methods for synthesizing an Orthopoxvirus, require the assumptions of this scoring for smallpox and other category A agents to be reviewed.
    Materials and methods: The risk priority framework was reviewed and revised to account for the capability for creation of synthetic or engineered smallpox and other category A agents.
    Results: The absolute score for all agents increased because of gene editing and synthetic biology capability, which was not present when the framework was developed more than a decade ago, although new treatments revised scores downward for smallpox, Ebola, and botulism. In the original framework, smallpox scored 0 for global availability, given the high security around known seed stocks of variola in two laboratories in the United States and Russia. Now, smallpox can be created using synthetic biology, raising the score for this criterion to 2. Other agents too, such as Ebola, score higher for availability, based on synthetic biology capability. When advances in synthetic biology and genetic engineering are considered, smallpox and anthrax are now equally ranked the highest category A bioterrorism agents for planning and preparedness.
    Conclusions: Revision of a risk priority framework for category A bioterrorism agents shows that smallpox should be elevated in priority for preparedness planning, and that gene editing and synthetic biology raises the overall risk for all agents. The ranking of categories A, B, and C agents should also be revisited, as there is an endless possibility of engineered threats that may be more severe than any agent on the category A list.
    MeSH term(s) Anthrax ; Bioterrorism ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Russia ; Smallpox/epidemiology ; Smallpox/prevention & control ; Smallpox Vaccine ; United States/epidemiology ; Variola virus/genetics
    Chemical Substances Smallpox Vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391061-1
    ISSN 1930-613X ; 0026-4075
    ISSN (online) 1930-613X
    ISSN 0026-4075
    DOI 10.1093/milmed/usaa084
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  8. Article ; Online: Cost-benefit of influenza vaccination in preventing sudden cardiac arrest amongst Australian adults.

    Wei, Jenny / Tan, Timothy C / Moa, Aye M / MacIntyre, C Raina

    Vaccine

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 1593–1598

    Abstract: Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the economic cost benefit of funding influenza vaccination to all Australian adults 50-64 years and predict its effect on sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) deaths and hospitalisation.: Methods: We ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the economic cost benefit of funding influenza vaccination to all Australian adults 50-64 years and predict its effect on sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) deaths and hospitalisation.
    Methods: We combined SCA hospitalisation data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) with survival, vaccination, and cost parameters from published literature to create a model estimating the cost benefit of universally funded influenza vaccinations to prevent SCA deaths and hospitalisation. Costs were considered from a government perspective and included cost of vaccines and GP consultations, whilst averted deaths were estimated through the age-adjusted value of a statistical life.
    Results: The target policy was estimated to prevent 278 SCA hospitalisations and 1269 SCA deaths. This would result in cost-savings of almost $4 billion annually, with an incremental benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 59.94. The majority of savings were associate with averted deaths. When a sensitivity analysis was performed by altering statistical life year values and reducing life years left, the cost-saving remained significant with a minimum BCR of 29.97 derived.
    Conclusions: Reducing SCA through extended vaccination including adults 50-64 years is likely to be a cost beneficial policy from a governmental perspective. SCA deaths account for a significant economic loss due to the high mortality rate, which was far greater than the costs saved through averted hospitalisations. More accurate parameters are needed to improve the reliability of these estimate; however, this model can be used as a basis for further research into the economic impact of SCA.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Influenza Vaccines ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Australia ; Vaccination ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac
    Chemical Substances Influenza Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.008
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  9. Article ; Online: Informing the design of a whole of life immunisation register for Australia.

    Kpozehouen, Elizabeth B / Heywood, Anita E / Menzies, Robert / Seale, Holly / Brotherton, Julia / Raina Macintyre, C

    Vaccine

    2023  Volume 41, Issue 19, Page(s) 3011–3018

    Abstract: Introduction: In 2016, Australia launched a whole life immunisation register, the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR), building on a universal childhood register established in 1997. Immunisation Information Systems are well established in Europe, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: In 2016, Australia launched a whole life immunisation register, the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR), building on a universal childhood register established in 1997. Immunisation Information Systems are well established in Europe, the US and elsewhere. However, a national system covering immunisation across the lifespan, with complete capture of the population and satisfactory data quality, is rare.
    Methods: A national workshop was convened in 2016 with key stakeholders from the government, new and existing vaccine users, and vaccine providers to review the ideal features of the AIR to ensure optimal effectiveness. This workshop focused on the functionality needed to identify population groups newly included in the register and support the achievement of high immunisation coverage in these groups eligible for National Immunisation Program vaccines.
    Results: Key recommendations included the need for bidirectional data flow between the AIR and providers; systematic approaches to the capture and recording of accurate and complete data to ascertain important denominators for subpopulations, includingAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, medical risk factors, occupation, ethnicity, country of birth, and vaccines given during pregnancy; linkage with other government datasets including notifiable diseases; the capture of adverse events following immunisation; ease of access by patients, providers; and by researchers.
    Conclusions: Some recommendations from the workshop have informed the development and future utility of the AIR. Some recommendations from the workshop have been integrated into the current iteration of the AIR, which is more important than ever given the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines. The accuracy and validity of data have subsequently improved through data entry controls, data integrity checks and reporting requirements. Access to AIR data for research remains protracted and costly, limitingresearch potential.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Australia/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Immunization ; Vaccines ; Immunization Programs
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Clinical Conference
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.037
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  10. Article ; Online: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care workers in a cardiology department on influenza vaccination.

    Benedict Kpozehouen, Elizabeth / Arrudsivah, Bravien / Tan, Timothy C / Raina Macintyre, C

    Vaccine

    2023  Volume 41, Issue 14, Page(s) 2349–2356

    Abstract: Background: Evidence has accrued that influenza vaccination may be effective in preventing myocardial infarction (MI). However, vaccination rates in both adults and health care workers (HCW) are low, and hospitalisation is often a missed opportunity for ...

    Abstract Background: Evidence has accrued that influenza vaccination may be effective in preventing myocardial infarction (MI). However, vaccination rates in both adults and health care workers (HCW) are low, and hospitalisation is often a missed opportunity for vaccination. We hypothesised that knowledge, attitude and practices of health care workers regarding vaccination impacts vaccine uptake in hospitals. The cardiac ward admits high-risk patients, many of whom are indicated for influenza vaccine, especially those caring for patients with acute MI.
    Aim: To understand the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HCW in cardiology ward within a tertiary institution, on influenza vaccination.
    Methods: We used focus group discussions with HCW caring for AMI patients in an acute cardiology ward, to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HCW regarding influenza vaccination for patients under their care. Discussions were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed using NVivo software. In addition, participants completed a survey on their knowledge and attitudes towards the uptake of influenza vaccination.
    Results: A lack of awareness regarding the associations between influenza, vaccination and cardiovascular health was identified amongst HCW. Participants did not routinely discuss the benefits of influenza vaccination or recommend influenza vaccinations to patients under their care; this may be due to a combination of a lack of awareness, not seeing it as part of their job and workload issues. We also highlighted difficulties in access to vaccination, and concerns of adverse reactions to the vaccine.
    Conclusion: There is limited awareness among HCW of the role of influenza on cardiovascular health and the benefits of influenza vaccine in the prevention of cardiovascular events. Improved vaccination of at-risk patients in hospital may need active engagement of HCW. Improving the health literacy of HCW regarding the benefits of vaccination as a preventative strategy may result in better health care outcomes for cardiac patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Influenza Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Vaccination ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Health Personnel ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Myocardial Infarction
    Chemical Substances Influenza Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.070
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