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Article ; Online: Refining Glaucoma Diagnosis and Treatment in Cataract Surgery Candidates: The Contribution of Preoperative OCT RNFL.

Goldberg, Mordechai / Zadok, David / Assayag, Elishai / Ziv-On, Elad / Zaitar, Rand / Porat-Rein, Adi / Brosh, Kobi / Weill, Yishay / Abulafia, Adi

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery

2024

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in identifying glaucoma and better managing patients scheduled for routine cataract ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in identifying glaucoma and better managing patients scheduled for routine cataract surgery. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.Design: retrospective cohort study. Methods: Consecutive patients scheduled for cataract surgery were enrolled from February 2022 to August 2022. Participants underwent routine OCT RNFL studies which were evaluated by a glaucoma specialist. Findings were compared with those of preoperative fundus biomicroscopic examinations conducted by the referring ophthalmologist. The main outcomes were the incidence of newly detected glaucoma based upon OCT RNFL findings and the consequent changes in patient management. Results: In total, 486 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 112 (23%) had abnormal RNFL. Thirty-one patients (6.4%) had abnormal OCT RNFL findings attributed to comorbidities other than glaucoma, and 81 patients (16.7%) were suspected to have glaucoma based upon their OCT RNFL findings, from which 44 patients (9%) were newly diagnosed with glaucoma or as glaucoma suspects, resulting in management modifications that included routine glaucoma follow-up (25 patients, 5.1%), initiation of intraocular pressure-lowering treatment (12 patients, 2.5%), and conversion to combined cataract-glaucoma surgery (7 patients, 1.4%). Conclusions: OCT RNFL for cataract surgery candidates proved valuable in detecting glaucoma that had not been revealed by standard fundus biomicroscopic examination. The additional information provided by OCT RNFL can potentially enhance patient management and optimize outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632744-8
ISSN	1873-4502 ; 0886-3350
ISSN (online)	1873-4502
ISSN	0886-3350
DOI	10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001465
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Article ; Online: A Longitudinal Assessment of the Natural Change in Haemoglobin, Haematocrit, and Mean Corpuscular Volume with Age.

Goldberg, Idan / Cohen, Eytan / Gafter-Gvili, Anat / Shochat, Tzippy / Kugler, Eitan / Margalit, Ili / Goldberg, Elad / Raanani, Pia / Krause, Ilan

Acta haematologica

2023 Volume 146, Issue 3, Page(s) 206–213

Abstract: Introduction: We aimed to assess the natural annual trends in the levels of haemoglobin, haematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in a population of adults, together with the influence of different clinical parameters on these trends.: Methods: ...

Abstract	Introduction: We aimed to assess the natural annual trends in the levels of haemoglobin, haematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in a population of adults, together with the influence of different clinical parameters on these trends. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on data from a large cohort of subjects attending a screening centre in Israel. For each subject, the yearly average change of haemoglobin, haematocrit, and MCV was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed for the whole cohort and for different subgroups. Results: The study included 3,551 subjects. The average annual rates of decline were found to be -0.0550 g/dL (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.0590 g/dL to -0.0503 g/dL) and -0.097% (95% CI -0.112% to -0.083%) for haemoglobin and haematocrit, respectively. An average annual increase in the MCV level by 0.184 fL (95% CI 0.168 fL-0.200 fL) was found. Among men, the rate of decline in haemoglobin was found to be twice as high compared with women -0.06 g/dL versus -0.03 g/dL, respectively (p = 0.0063). In a multivariate analysis, gender remained the only parameter significantly associated with the annual decline of haemoglobin (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: An annual average decrease in the levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit together with an annual increase in MCV was found. These changes were more prominent in men.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Hematocrit ; Retrospective Studies ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Israel
Chemical Substances	Hemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80008-9
ISSN	1421-9662 ; 0001-5792
ISSN (online)	1421-9662
ISSN	0001-5792
DOI	10.1159/000529356
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Article ; Online: Proton pump inhibitor use and its effect on vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels among men and women: A large cross-sectional study.

Lerman, Tsahi T / Cohen, Eytan / Sochat, Tzippy / Goldberg, Elad / Goldberg, Idan / Krause, Ilan

The American journal of the medical sciences

2022 Volume 364, Issue 6, Page(s) 746–751

Abstract: Background: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between proton pump inhibitors (PPI) use and vitamin B12 deficiency. However, data regarding PPI use and elevated serum homocysteine level, an important marker of vitamin B12 deficiency, are ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between proton pump inhibitors (PPI) use and vitamin B12 deficiency. However, data regarding PPI use and elevated serum homocysteine level, an important marker of vitamin B12 deficiency, are scant. Methods: Data were collected from medical records of subjects examined at a screening center in Israel. Cross sectional analysis was conducted on 25,953 subjects. Levels of vitamin B12 and homocysteine were compared between subjects who consumed PPI medications and those who did not. Results: The mean age of the study population was 45 years and 33% were females. Subjects who received PPI medications had a minor higher vitamin B12 levels (320 pmol/L vs 300 pmol/L, p=0.024). Levels of vitamin B12 remained higher in females receiving PPI medications after performing a stratified analysis according to subjects' gender. Homocysteine levels were higher in subjects receiving PPI medications as compared to those who did not (12.0 μmol/L vs 11.6 0 μmol/L, p<0.001). Levels remained higher in female subjects after performing a stratified analysis according to subjects' sex. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (according to two cutoffs: vitamin B12≤200 or ≤140 pmol/L) as well as the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (defined as homocysteine >15.0 μmol/L) between the two groups. Conclusions: According to our study, no association was found between PPI medication use and vitamin B12 deficiency or hyperhomocysteinemia. Patients receiving PPI medications had slightly higher levels of vitamin B12 and homocysteine, however these differences were too small to have any clinical relevance.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Vitamin B 12 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hyperhomocysteinemia/chemically induced ; Hyperhomocysteinemia/epidemiology ; Proton Pump Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/chemically induced ; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/epidemiology ; Homocysteine ; Folic Acid
Chemical Substances	Vitamin B 12 (P6YC3EG204) ; Proton Pump Inhibitors ; Homocysteine (0LVT1QZ0BA) ; Folic Acid (935E97BOY8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	82078-7
ISSN	1538-2990 ; 0002-9629
ISSN (online)	1538-2990
ISSN	0002-9629
DOI	10.1016/j.amjms.2022.07.006
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Book ; Online: ConceptLab

Richardson, Elad / Goldberg, Kfir / Alaluf, Yuval / Cohen-Or, Daniel

Creative Concept Generation using VLM-Guided Diffusion Prior Constraints

2023

Abstract: Recent text-to-image generative models have enabled us to transform our words into vibrant, captivating imagery. The surge of personalization techniques that has followed has also allowed us to imagine unique concepts in new scenes. However, an ... ...

Abstract	Recent text-to-image generative models have enabled us to transform our words into vibrant, captivating imagery. The surge of personalization techniques that has followed has also allowed us to imagine unique concepts in new scenes. However, an intriguing question remains: How can we generate a new, imaginary concept that has never been seen before? In this paper, we present the task of creative text-to-image generation, where we seek to generate new members of a broad category (e.g., generating a pet that differs from all existing pets). We leverage the under-studied Diffusion Prior models and show that the creative generation problem can be formulated as an optimization process over the output space of the diffusion prior, resulting in a set of "prior constraints". To keep our generated concept from converging into existing members, we incorporate a question-answering Vision-Language Model (VLM) that adaptively adds new constraints to the optimization problem, encouraging the model to discover increasingly more unique creations. Finally, we show that our prior constraints can also serve as a strong mixing mechanism allowing us to create hybrids between generated concepts, introducing even more flexibility into the creative process. Comment: Project page: https://kfirgoldberg.github.io/ConceptLab/
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Infant Botulism, Israel, 2007-2021.

Goldberg, Bar / Danino, Dana / Levinsky, Yoel / Levy, Itzhak / Straussberg, Rachel / Dabaja-Younis, Halima / Guri, Alex / Almagor, Yotam / Tasher, Diana / Elad, Daniel / Baider, Zina / Blum, Shlomo / Scheuerman, Oded

Emerging infectious diseases

2023 Volume 29, Issue 2, Page(s) 235–241

Abstract: Infant botulism (IB) is an intestinal toxemia that manifests as descending paralysis, constipation, and, in some cases, respiratory failure. Laboratory-confirmed IB cases are rare, and recent data in Israel are lacking. We conducted a national ... ...

Abstract	Infant botulism (IB) is an intestinal toxemia that manifests as descending paralysis, constipation, and, in some cases, respiratory failure. Laboratory-confirmed IB cases are rare, and recent data in Israel are lacking. We conducted a national multicenter retrospective study of laboratory-confirmed IB cases reported in Israel during 2007-2021. A total of 8 cases were reported during the study period. During 2019-2021, incidence may have increased because of a cluster of 5 cases. Infant median age for diagnosis was 6.5 months, older than previously reported (3 months). Most cases occurred during March-July. Honey consumption was reported in 1 case, and possible environmental risk factors (living nearby rural or construction areas, dust exposure, and having a father who works as a farmer) were reported in 6 cases. Although IB is rare, its incidence in Israel may have increased over recent years, and its epidemiology and risk factors differ from cases reported previously in Israel.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Humans ; Botulism/diagnosis ; Botulism/epidemiology ; Botulism/etiology ; Clostridium botulinum ; Retrospective Studies ; Israel/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Multicenter Studies as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1380686-5
ISSN	1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
ISSN (online)	1080-6059
ISSN	1080-6040
DOI	10.3201/eid2902.220991
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Zs.A 4778: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Wnt signaling regulates chemokine production and cell migration of circulating human monocytes.

Zelikson, Natalie / Ben, Shaina / Caspi, Michal / Tarabe, Raneen / Shaleve, Yonatan / Pri-Paz Basson, Yael / Tayer-Shifman, Oshrat / Goldberg, Elad / Kivity, Shaye / Rosin-Arbesfeld, Rina

Cell communication and signaling : CCS

2024 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 229

Abstract: The β-catenin dependent canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining normal homeostasis. However, when dysregulated, Wnt signaling is closely associated with various pathological conditions, including inflammation and different ... ...

Abstract	The β-catenin dependent canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining normal homeostasis. However, when dysregulated, Wnt signaling is closely associated with various pathological conditions, including inflammation and different types of cancer.Here, we show a new connection between the leukocyte inflammatory response and the Wnt signaling pathway. Specifically, we demonstrate that circulating human primary monocytes express distinct Wnt signaling components and are susceptible to stimulation by the classical Wnt ligand-Wnt-3a. Although this stimulation increased the levels of β-catenin protein, the expression of the classical Wnt-target genes was not affected. Intriguingly, treating circulating human monocytes with Wnt-3a induces the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, enhancing monocyte migration. Mechanistically, the enhanced monocyte migration in response to Wnt stimuli is mediated through CCL2, a strong monocyte-chemoattractant.To further explore the physiological relevance of these findings, we conducted ex-vivo experiments using blood samples of patients with rheumatic joint diseases (RJD) - conditions where monocytes are known to be dysfunctional. Wnt-3a generated a unique cytokine expression profile, which was significantly distinct from that observed in monocytes obtained from healthy donors.Thus, our results provide the first evidence that Wnt-3a may serve as a potent stimulator of monocyte-driven immune processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of inflammatory diseases and, more importantly, shed light on the role of a core signaling pathway in the circulation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Wnt3A Protein/genetics ; Cell Movement ; Chemokines ; beta Catenin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Wnt3A Protein ; Chemokines ; beta Catenin
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2126315-2
ISSN	1478-811X ; 1478-811X
ISSN (online)	1478-811X
ISSN	1478-811X
DOI	10.1186/s12964-024-01608-8
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Article: Markers of Chronic Inflammation in Overweight and Obese Individuals and the Role of Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Large Cohort.

Cohen, Eytan / Margalit, Ili / Shochat, Tzippy / Goldberg, Elad / Krause, Ilan

Journal of inflammation research

2021 Volume 14, Page(s) 567–573

Abstract: Objective: During the last decade, obesity has become an epidemic. As obesity is now considered a state of low-grade inflammation, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of four common elements of inflammation, in individuals with ... ...

Abstract	Objective: During the last decade, obesity has become an epidemic. As obesity is now considered a state of low-grade inflammation, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of four common elements of inflammation, in individuals with increased BMI. These findings were compared to those of subjects with normal BMI. The effect of gender was also noted. Methods: Data were collected from medical records of individuals examined at a screening center in Israel between the years 2000-2014. Cross-sectional analysis was carried out on 7526 men and 3219 women. White blood cell count (WBC); platelet (PLT) count; erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed in four BMI categories: normal, overweight, obese and morbidly obese. Results: Mean (SD) age of the study sample was 47.5 (9.7) and 46.7 (9.8) years for men and women, respectively. The prevalence of each inflammatory marker increased significantly when comparing abnormal to normal BMI (p<0.0001). The odds ratio (OR) of the prevalence of increased inflammatory markers was compared between subjects with overweight, obese and morbid obesity and subjects with normal BMI. This study showed that the higher the BMI, the higher the OR. For those in the morbid obesity group, the OR for the different inflammatory markers adjusting for age, diabetes mellitus hypertension and kidney function were as follows: WBC levels, 5.1 (2.9-8.7) and 4.7 (2.4-9.1) for men and women, respectively; PLT levels, 1.7 (0.3-8.5) and 2.0 (0.6-7.2) for men and women, respectively; ESR levels, 4.2 (3.2-5.4) and 4.6 (3.2-6.6) for men and women, respectively, and CRP levels, 13.4 (10.0-18.2) and 19.2 (12.9-28.6) for men and women, respectively. Conclusion: Inflammatory markers are significantly higher in subjects with abnormal compared to normal BMI. This difference was found to be greater in women than in men.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-25
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494878-0
ISSN	1178-7031
ISSN	1178-7031
DOI	10.2147/JIR.S294368
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Article: Sex Differences in Folate Levels: A Cross Sectional Study of a Large Cohort from Israel.

Cohen, Eytan / Margalit, Ili / Shochat, Tzippy / Goldberg, Elad / Krause, Ilan

The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ

2021 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–22

Abstract: Background: Low folate levels are associated with megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects, and an increased risk of cancer. Data are scarce regarding the sex aspect of this deficiency.: Objectives: To assess sex differences in folate levels in a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Low folate levels are associated with megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects, and an increased risk of cancer. Data are scarce regarding the sex aspect of this deficiency. Objectives: To assess sex differences in folate levels in a large cohort of patients and to investigate the effect of low folate levels on homocysteine concentrations. Methods: Data were collected from medical records of patients examined at a screening center in Israel between 2000 and 2014. Cross sectional analysis was conducted on 9214 males and 4336 females. Results: The average age was 48.4 ± 9.5 years for males and 47.6 ± 9.4 years for females. Average folate levels were 19.2 ± 8.6 and 22.4 ±10.3 nmol/L in males and females, respectively (P < 0.001). The prevalence of folate levels below 12.2 nmol/L was 19.5% in males compared to 11.6% in females (P < 0.001). In patients with low folate levels and normal B12 levels, homocysteine levels above 15 μmol/L were found in 32.4% of males and 11.4% of females (P < 0.001). Males had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of having folate levels below 12.2 nmol/L: OR 1.84 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.66-2.05) in a non-adjusted model, and OR 2.02 (95%CI 1.82-2.27) adjusted for age, smoking status, body mass index, kidney function, albumin, and triglycerides levels. Conclusions: Folate levels are lower in males compared to females, which may contribute to the higher homocysteine levels found in males and thus to their increased risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Folic Acid/blood ; Homocysteine/blood ; Humans ; Israel/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Sex Factors ; Vitamin B 12/blood ; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/blood ; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/diagnosis ; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Homocysteine (0LVT1QZ0BA) ; Folic Acid (935E97BOY8) ; Vitamin B 12 (P6YC3EG204)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-14
Publishing country	Israel
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2008291-5
ISSN	1565-1088 ; 0021-2180
ISSN	1565-1088 ; 0021-2180
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Zs.A 5470: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Streptococcus gallolyticus endocarditis on a prosthetic tricuspid valve: a case report and review of the literature.

Shapira, Raz / Weiss, Tamir / Goldberg, Elad / Cohen, Eytan / Krause, Ilan / Sharony, Ram / Goldberg, Idan

Journal of medical case reports

2021 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 528

Abstract: Background: Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus is a known pathogen that causes infective endocarditis, and most cases involve the left heart valves. We present the first reported case of prosthetic tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by ... ...

Abstract	Background: Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus is a known pathogen that causes infective endocarditis, and most cases involve the left heart valves. We present the first reported case of prosthetic tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by this microorganism. Relevant literature is reviewed. Case presentation: A 67-year-old Jewish female with a history of a prosthetic tricuspid valve replacement was admitted to the emergency department because of nonspecific complaints including effort dyspnea, fatigue, and a single episode of transient visual loss and fever. No significant physical findings were observed. Laboratory examinations revealed microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and a few nonspecific abnormalities. Transesophageal echocardiogram demonstrated a vegetation attached to the prosthetic tricuspid valve. The involved tricuspid valve was replaced by a new tissue valve, and Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus was grown from its culture. Prolonged antibiotic treatment was initiated. Conclusions: Based on this report and the reviewed literature, Streptococcus gallolyticus should be considered as a rare but potential causative microorganism in prosthetic right-sided valves endocarditis. The patient's atypical presentation emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Endocarditis/diagnosis ; Endocarditis/drug therapy ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnostic imaging ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis ; Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Streptococcus gallolyticus ; Tricuspid Valve/diagnostic imaging ; Tricuspid Valve/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2269805-X
ISSN	1752-1947 ; 1752-1947
ISSN (online)	1752-1947
ISSN	1752-1947
DOI	10.1186/s13256-021-03125-5
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Book ; Online: BitFit

Zaken, Elad Ben / Ravfogel, Shauli / Goldberg, Yoav

Simple Parameter-efficient Fine-tuning for Transformer-based Masked Language-models

2021

Abstract: We introduce BitFit, a sparse-finetuning method where only the bias-terms of the model (or a subset of them) are being modified. We show that with small-to-medium training data, applying BitFit on pre-trained BERT models is competitive with (and ... ...

Abstract	We introduce BitFit, a sparse-finetuning method where only the bias-terms of the model (or a subset of them) are being modified. We show that with small-to-medium training data, applying BitFit on pre-trained BERT models is competitive with (and sometimes better than) fine-tuning the entire model. For larger data, the method is competitive with other sparse fine-tuning methods. Besides their practical utility, these findings are relevant for the question of understanding the commonly-used process of finetuning: they support the hypothesis that finetuning is mainly about exposing knowledge induced by language-modeling training, rather than learning new task-specific linguistic knowledge. Comment: Accepted at ACL 2022 main conference
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Computation and Language
Publishing date	2021-06-18
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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