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Article ; Online: Between the mine and the farm: livelihood diversification and social differentiation in the Bolivian highlands

McKay, Ben M.

The Journal of Peasant Studies. 2023 Nov. 10, v. 50, no. 7 p.2592-2610

2023

Abstract: This paper analyzes livelihood diversification and social differentiation in the Bolivian highlands. It argues that peasants’ increased dependence on mining is undermining the material basis of their farming practices and leading to social ... ...

Abstract	This paper analyzes livelihood diversification and social differentiation in the Bolivian highlands. It argues that peasants’ increased dependence on mining is undermining the material basis of their farming practices and leading to social differentiation which threaten their autonomy, control over their resource base and, ultimately, farming futures. While pluriactivity is necessary to sustain life on the farm, it also actively depletes it. The multiple identities and complex class positions of these smallholders have hindered forms of organized resistance. Mining is part of agrarian life and these dynamics are important to understand rural livelihoods and agrarian change in the contemporary context.
Keywords	farms ; livelihood ; peasantry ; Peasants ; mining ; pluriactivity ; differentiation ; Bolivia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-1110
Size	p. 2592-2610.
Publishing place	Routledge
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	1743-9361
DOI	10.1080/03066150.2022.2103795
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Using causal mediation to examine self-efficacy as a mechanism through which continuing care interventions reduce alcohol use.

Brincks, Ahnalee M / MacKinnon, David P / Gustafson, David H / McKay, James R

Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors

2024

Abstract: Objective: Understanding the causal mechanisms through which telephone and mobile health continuing care approaches reduce alcohol use can help develop more efficient interventions that effectively target these mechanisms. Self-efficacy for successfully ...

Abstract	Objective: Understanding the causal mechanisms through which telephone and mobile health continuing care approaches reduce alcohol use can help develop more efficient interventions that effectively target these mechanisms. Self-efficacy for successfully coping with high-risk alcohol relapse situations is a theoretically and empirically supported mediator of alcohol treatment. This secondary analysis aims to examine self-efficacy as a mechanism through which remote-delivered continuing care interventions reduce alcohol use. Method: The study included 262 adults ( Results: Relative to usual care, the two intervention conditions that included TMC reduced alcohol use through improvements to self-efficacy. There was no evidence that self-efficacy mediated the effect of ACHESS on alcohol use. Conclusions: Based on our findings, self-efficacy is an important mechanism through which telephone continuing care interventions affect alcohol use. Future research to identify which components of TMC influence self-efficacy and factors that mediate ACHESS effects could enhance the effectiveness of remote delivery of continuing care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2101111-4
ISSN	1939-1501 ; 0893-164X
ISSN (online)	1939-1501
ISSN	0893-164X
DOI	10.1037/adb0001011
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Article ; Online: Acceptance of the 2020 Clark P. Read Mentor Award: Prioritize Open Bidirectional Communication.

McKay, Derek M

The Journal of parasitology

2021 Volume 106, Issue 6, Page(s) 871–874

MeSH term(s)	Awards and Prizes ; Canada ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Mentors/history ; Parasitology/education ; Parasitology/history ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Portrait
ZDB-ID	300870-8
ISSN	1937-2345 ; 0022-3395
ISSN (online)	1937-2345
ISSN	0022-3395
DOI	10.1645/20-143
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Article ; Online: Considerations for the Consumption of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements in Athlete Populations.

Peeling, Peter / Sim, Marc / McKay, Alannah K A

Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)

2023 Volume 53, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 15–24

Abstract: Vitamins and minerals are of fundamental importance to numerous human functions that are essential to optimise athlete performance. Athletes incur a high turnover of key vitamins and minerals and are therefore dependent on sufficient energy intake to ... ...

Abstract	Vitamins and minerals are of fundamental importance to numerous human functions that are essential to optimise athlete performance. Athletes incur a high turnover of key vitamins and minerals and are therefore dependent on sufficient energy intake to replenish nutrient stores. However, many athletes are poor at servicing their energy replenishment needs, especially female athletes, and although a 'food first approach' to meeting nutrient requirements is the primary goal, it may be important for some athletes to consider a vitamin and/or mineral supplement to meet their daily needs. When working to determine if an athlete requires vitamin or mineral supplements, practitioners should use a robust framework to assess the overall energy requirements, current dietary practices and the biological and clinical status of their athletes. Of note, any supplementation plan should account for the various factors that may impact the efficacy of the approach (e.g. athlete sex, the nutrient recommended dietary intake, supplement dose/timing, co-consumption of other foods and any food-drug interactions). Importantly, there are numerous vitamins and minerals of key importance to athletes, each having specific relevance to certain situations (e.g. iron and B vitamins are significant contributors to haematological adaptation, calcium and vitamin D are important to bone health and folate is important in the female athlete); therefore, the appropriate supplement for a given situation should be carefully considered and consumed with the goal to augment an athlete's diet.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Vitamins ; Dietary Supplements ; Minerals ; Diet ; Athletes
Chemical Substances	Vitamins ; Minerals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-26
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605911-9
ISSN	1179-2035 ; 0112-1642
ISSN (online)	1179-2035
ISSN	0112-1642
DOI	10.1007/s40279-023-01875-4
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Article ; Online: Ocean cavity regime shift reversed West Antarctic grounding line retreat in the late Holocene.

Lowry, Daniel P / Han, Holly K / Golledge, Nicholas R / Gomez, Natalya / Johnson, Katelyn M / McKay, Robert M

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 3176

Abstract: Recent geologic and modeled evidence suggests that the grounding line of the Siple Coast of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) retreated hundreds of kilometers beyond its present position in the middle to late Holocene and readvanced within the past 1.7 ...

Abstract	Recent geologic and modeled evidence suggests that the grounding line of the Siple Coast of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) retreated hundreds of kilometers beyond its present position in the middle to late Holocene and readvanced within the past 1.7 ka. This grounding line reversal has been attributed to both changing rates of isostatic rebound and regional climate change. Here, we test these two hypotheses using a proxy-informed ensemble of ice sheet model simulations with varying ocean thermal forcing, global glacioisostatic adjustment (GIA) model simulations, and coupled ice sheet-GIA simulations that consider the interactions between these processes. Our results indicate that a warm to cold ocean cavity regime shift is the most likely cause of this grounding line reversal, but that GIA influences the rate of ice sheet response to oceanic changes. This implies that the grounding line here is sensitive to future changes in sub-ice shelf ocean circulation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-024-47369-3
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Article: Modular Synthesis of Complex Benzoxaboraheterocycles through Chelation-Assisted Rh-Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition.

Halford-McGuff, John M / Varga, Marek / Cordes, David B / McKay, Aidan P / Watson, Allan J B

ACS catalysis

2024 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 1846–1854

Abstract: Benzoxaboraheterocycles (BOBs) are moieties of increasing interest in the pharmaceutical industry; however, the synthesis of these compounds is often difficult or impractical due to the sensitivity of the boron moiety, the requirement for metalation- ... ...

Abstract	Benzoxaboraheterocycles (BOBs) are moieties of increasing interest in the pharmaceutical industry; however, the synthesis of these compounds is often difficult or impractical due to the sensitivity of the boron moiety, the requirement for metalation-borylation protocols, and lengthy syntheses. We report a straightforward, modular approach that enables access to complex examples of the BOB framework through a Rh-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition using MIDA-protected alkyne boronic acids. The key to the development of this methodology was overcoming the steric barrier to catalysis by leveraging chelation assistance. We show the utility of the method through synthesis of a broad range of BOB scaffolds, mechanistic information on the chelation effect, intramolecular alcohol-assisted BMIDA hydrolysis, and linear/cyclic BOB limits as well as comparative binding affinities of the product BOB frameworks for ribose-derived biomolecules.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2155-5435
ISSN	2155-5435
DOI	10.1021/acscatal.3c05766
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Article: Techno-economic and environmental analyses of the pyrolysis of food waste to produce bio-products.

Alherbawi, Mohammad / Parthasarathy, Prakash / Elkhalifa, Samar / Al-Ansari, Tareq / McKay, Gordon

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) e27713

Abstract: Food waste has become a source of concern as it is generated abundantly worldwide and needs to be valorised into new products. In this study, cucumber, tomato, and carrot wastes were investigated as pyrolysis feedstocks as a single component (cucumber), ... ...

Abstract	Food waste has become a source of concern as it is generated abundantly worldwide and needs to be valorised into new products. In this study, cucumber, tomato, and carrot wastes were investigated as pyrolysis feedstocks as a single component (cucumber), a binary component mixture (cucumber and tomato), and a ternary component blend (cucumber, tomato, and carrot). Fourteen scenarios were simulated and evaluated based on varying the feedstock blend (single, binary, and tertiary), temperature (300 and 500 °C), and feedstock moisture content (5, 20, and 40%). Using an established empirical model, the effect of these parameters on product yields, techno-economic implications, energy requirements, and life cycle analysis (LCA) outcomes were investigated. The best performers of each scenario were determined, and their strengths and weaknesses were identified and compared with other scenarios. In terms of product yields, all three systems (single, binary, and tertiary) followed a similar pattern: bio-oil yields increased as temperature and feedstock moisture content increased, while biochar yields decreased as temperature and feedstock moisture content increased. The production of syngas, on the other hand, was only observed at elevated temperatures. The total energy requirement exhibited an increase with increasing temperature and feedstock moisture content. The economic evaluation revealed that the return on investment (ROI) value for the single component at 5% moisture content at 300 °C is 29%, with a payback period (PB) of only 3.4 years, which is potentially very appealing. The water footprint increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature but decreased with increasing moisture content in all scenarios. The land footprint is observed to remain constant despite changes in process conditions. The study's findings contribute to the pyrolysis process's scalability, technological advancement, and commercialisation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27713
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Article ; Online: Sex and stroke risk factors: A review of differences and impact.

Hanna, Mckay / Wabnitz, Ashley / Grewal, Parneet

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association

2024 Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 107624

Abstract: Objectives: There is an increase in stroke incidence risk over the lifetime of women, given their longer life expectancy. However, an alarming trend for sex disparities, particularly in certain stroke risk factors, shows a concerning need for focus on ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: There is an increase in stroke incidence risk over the lifetime of women, given their longer life expectancy. However, an alarming trend for sex disparities, particularly in certain stroke risk factors, shows a concerning need for focus on sex differences in stroke prevention and treatment for women. In this article, we are addressing sex differences in both traditional and sex-specific stroke risk factors. Methods: We searched PubMed from inception to December 2022 for articles related to sex differences and risk factors for stroke. We reviewed full-text articles for relevance and ultimately included 152 articles for this focused review. Results: Women are at increased risk for stroke from both traditional and non-traditional stroke risk factors. As women age, they have a higher disease burden of atrial fibrillation, increased risk of stroke related to diabetes, worsening lipid profiles, and higher prevalence of hypertension and obesity compared to men. Further, women carry sex hormone-specific risk factors for stroke, including the age of menarche, menopause, pregnancy, and its complications, as well as hormonal therapy. Men have a higher prevalence of tobacco use and atrial fibrillation, as well as an increased risk for stroke related to hyperlipidemia. Additionally, men have sex-specific risks related to low testosterone levels. Conclusions: By identifying biological sex-specific risk factors for stroke, developing robust collaborations, researching, and applying the knowledge for risk reduction strategies, we can begin to tailor prevention and reduce the global burden of stroke morbidity and mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Sex Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1131675-5
ISSN	1532-8511 ; 1052-3057
ISSN (online)	1532-8511
ISSN	1052-3057
DOI	10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107624
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Article ; Online: Identifying behaviors that characterize emergence delirium: An observational study.

O'Brien, Jennifer M / McKay, William P S / McDonald, Marguerite

Paediatric anaesthesia

2023 Volume 33, Issue 8, Page(s) 631–635

Abstract: Background: Diagnostic criteria for emergence agitation are sensitive but not specific; they misclassify patients who are angry or upset as having emergence delirium.: Aims: The aim of this three-phase study was to determine expert agreement on the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Diagnostic criteria for emergence agitation are sensitive but not specific; they misclassify patients who are angry or upset as having emergence delirium. Aims: The aim of this three-phase study was to determine expert agreement on the behaviors that differentiate children with emergence delirium from those without. Methods: In the first phase of this observational study, pediatric dental patients were video recorded while awakening from anesthesia. In the second phase, salient 10 s segments of the recordings showing patient activity were shown to an expert audience of pediatric dentists, anesthesiologists and Post Anesthetic Care nurses, who scored the recordings as showing or not showing "true emergence delirium." In phase 3, the video segments were assessed by three research assistants using a behavior checklist for features that discriminate between those scored "true emergence delirium" and those scored "NOT true emergence delirium" by the experts. Results: One hundred and fifty-four pediatric dental patients were included. Subsequently, an expert audience consisting of 10 anesthesiologists, 12 anesthesiology residents, 3 pediatric dentists, and 4 experienced Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurses rated each 10-second video segment. This resulted in three groups of patients: a group for whom all experts agreed was "True emergence delirium" (n = 33; CI 21 to 45), a group for whom all agreed was "Not True emergence delirium" (n = 120; CI 107 to 133), and a group where experts disagreed (n = 11; CI 4 to 18). Three research assistants then completed a behavior checklist for each of the 33 "True emergence delirium" video segments and matched "Not True" controls. Twenty-four behaviors were identified as significantly different between videos scored True emergence delirium and those scored Not True emergence delirium. Research assistants reached almost perfect agreement (0.81-1.00) on one behavior, and substantial agreement (0.61-0.80) on seven behaviors that characterized "True emergence delirium." Conclusions: Eight behaviors that differentiate pediatric dental patients with emergence delirium from those without were found. These discriminators may be used to develop a scale that will lead to better diagnosis and treatment of emergence delirium.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Emergence Delirium/diagnosis ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia Recovery Period
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	France
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1086049-6
ISSN	1460-9592 ; 1155-5645
ISSN (online)	1460-9592
ISSN	1155-5645
DOI	10.1111/pan.14678
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Article ; Online: Ligand Hydrogenation during Hydroformylation Catalysis Detected by In Situ High-Pressure Infra-Red Spectroscopic Analysis of a Rhodium/Phospholene-Phosphite Catalyst.

Fuentes, José A / Janka, Mesfin E / McKay, Aidan P / Cordes, David B / Slawin, Alexandra M Z / Lebl, Tomas / Clarke, Matthew L

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 29, Issue 4

Abstract: Phospholane-phosphites are known to show highly unusual selectivity towards branched aldehydes in the hydroformylation of terminal alkenes. This paper describes the synthesis of hitherto unknown unsaturated phospholene borane precursors and their ... ...

Abstract	Phospholane-phosphites are known to show highly unusual selectivity towards branched aldehydes in the hydroformylation of terminal alkenes. This paper describes the synthesis of hitherto unknown unsaturated phospholene borane precursors and their conversion to the corresponding phospholene-phosphites. The relative stereochemistry of one of these ligands and its Pd complex was assigned with the aid of X-ray crystal structure determinations. These ligands were able to approach the level of selectivity observed for phospholane-phosphites in the rhodium-catalysed hydroformylation of propene. High-pressure infra-red (HPIR) spectroscopic monitoring of the catalyst formation revealed that whilst the catalysts showed good thermal stability with respect to fragmentation, the C=C bond in the phospholene moiety was slowly hydrogenated in the presence of rhodium and syngas. The ability of this spectroscopic tool to detect even subtle changes in structure, remotely from the carbonyl ligands, underlines the usefulness of HPIR spectroscopy in hydroformylation catalyst development.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules29040845
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