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  1. Article ; Online: Estimating the effect of physical activity on cognitive function within the UK Biobank cohort.

    Campbell, Thomas / Cullen, Breda

    International journal of epidemiology

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 5, Page(s) 1592–1611

    Abstract: Background: Physical activity (PA) has been associated with benefits for cognitive function (CF), but previous estimates of the strength of this relationship may have been biased due to limitations in statistical modelling practices that are common ... ...

    Abstract Background: Physical activity (PA) has been associated with benefits for cognitive function (CF), but previous estimates of the strength of this relationship may have been biased due to limitations in statistical modelling practices that are common among observational studies. We aimed to address this by using a rigorously constructed conceptual causal model to guide an empirical analysis estimating the effect of PA on CF in the UK Biobank cohort of middle-aged and older adults.
    Methods: This study analysed a subsample of 334 227 adults from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study. PA was measured subjectively by self-report and by device using accelerometry, and CF was measured using objective cognitive tests. Composite CF measures were derived to represent general and domain-specific performance. Effect coefficients were estimated using regression models, adjusting for a wide range of confounders specified by the assumed causal model, including genetic risk factors, and relevant health, sociodemographic and behavioural variables from across the lifespan.
    Results: Results indicated very small effect sizes (standardized mean difference estimates all <0.01) of inconsistent direction, for both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.
    Conclusions: The expected protective effect of PA on CF was not observed. This may reflect selection bias within UK Biobank, or the relatively young age of the sample at follow-up.
    MeSH term(s) Middle Aged ; Humans ; Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Exercise ; Cognition ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 187909-1
    ISSN 1464-3685 ; 0300-5771
    ISSN (online) 1464-3685
    ISSN 0300-5771
    DOI 10.1093/ije/dyad009
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  2. Article ; Online: The biological and physiological impact of the performance of wound dressings.

    Cullen, Breda / Gefen, Amit

    International wound journal

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 4, Page(s) 1292–1303

    Abstract: Chronic wounds affect millions globally and are a huge financial burden. Whilst there are many wound dressings commercially available to manage these wounds, the complexity of the repair process makes it difficult to select the right dressing for the ... ...

    Abstract Chronic wounds affect millions globally and are a huge financial burden. Whilst there are many wound dressings commercially available to manage these wounds, the complexity of the repair process makes it difficult to select the right dressing for the right wound at the right time. Thus, in this narrative review, we have examined reasons why wounds fail to heal, summarised the pathophysiology of the chronic wound environment and provided an evidence-based, clinically-relevant compilation of the published literature relevant to dressing design and evaluation. This has highlighted the need for a deeper understanding of wound exudates, how exudates change throughout the healing process, and how they are impacted by different dressing materials. Studies assessing biochemical and biophysical changes in exudates throughout the healing process are extremely valuable in this regard, enhancing both our understanding of the wound healing process and the ability to assess dressing performance. In addition, this knowledge allows us to replicate various wound conditions in the laboratory, and develop clinically-relevant models for testing current and new dressings, therefore providing a more comprehensive understanding of how and when they should be used. This approach makes the use of dressings more effective, thereby improving outcomes, and reducing the economic burden of chronic wounds.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Wound Healing ; Bandages ; Exudates and Transudates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2170920-8
    ISSN 1742-481X ; 1742-4801
    ISSN (online) 1742-481X
    ISSN 1742-4801
    DOI 10.1111/iwj.13960
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  3. Article ; Online: Does the presence of chronic pain affect scores on cognitive screening tests/brief cognitive measures for dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Fradera, Alex / McLaren, Jessica / Gadon, Lisa / Cullen, Breda / Evans, Jonathan

    The Clinical neuropsychologist

    2024  , Page(s) 1–24

    Abstract: Objective: Cognitive screening tests can identify potential dementia by indicating a concerning level of cognitive impairment. The older populations for whom this is most relevant are more likely to experience chronic pain, which also impairs cognitive ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Cognitive screening tests can identify potential dementia by indicating a concerning level of cognitive impairment. The older populations for whom this is most relevant are more likely to experience chronic pain, which also impairs cognitive function, but pain's impact on cognitive screening tests specifically remains unknown.
    Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (SR/MA) following PRISMA guidelines evaluating cognitive screening scores in studies involving participants with chronic pain compared with a pain-free control group. Our question was whether the presence of chronic pain (self-reported or based on diagnosis) was associated with poorer performance on these screens, and to identify the heterogeneity across groups and screens.
    Results: The 51 studies identified yielded 62 effect size estimates. The pooled g was 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.57 to 0.95). Heterogeneity was high for the full model (= 93.16%) with some reductions in sub-analyses. Around half of the studies were identified as being at a low risk of bias. There was no evidence of publication bias.
    Conclusions: As a whole, this analysis suggests medium to large effect sizes on cognitive screen performance when people are living with chronic pain. We suggest that clinicians should consider the effect of chronic pain when cognitive screens are employed to investigate dementia. Further research could clarify the effect pain has on different screen sub-domains to aid their effective use with these populations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639080-8
    ISSN 1744-4144 ; 0920-1637 ; 1385-4046
    ISSN (online) 1744-4144
    ISSN 0920-1637 ; 1385-4046
    DOI 10.1080/13854046.2024.2315739
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  4. Book: Matrix metalloprotease modulation and growth factor protection

    Ovington, Liza G. / Cullen, Breda

    (Ostomy wound management ; 48,6, Spec. suppl.)

    2002  

    Author's details Liza Ovington ; Breda Cullen
    Series title Ostomy wound management ; 48,6, Spec. suppl.
    Collection
    Language English
    Size 15 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher HMP Communications
    Publishing place Malvern, PA
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT013452382
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Zs A 3333 -48,6,Spec.suppl.- not available for loan Zeitschriften-Lesesaal

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  5. Article ; Online: A systematic review of mood and depression measures in people with severe cognitive and communication impairments following acquired brain injury.

    Rose, Alexandra E / Cullen, Breda / Crawford, Sarah / Evans, Jonathan J

    Clinical rehabilitation

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 5, Page(s) 679–700

    Abstract: Aim: A systematic review to identify which mood and depression measures are valid for use with people with severe cognitive and communication impairments following severe acquired brain injury.: Method: A systematic search of Cochrane, Web of Science, ...

    Abstract Aim: A systematic review to identify which mood and depression measures are valid for use with people with severe cognitive and communication impairments following severe acquired brain injury.
    Method: A systematic search of Cochrane, Web of Science, Ovid, and EBSCOhost was performed in March 2020, July 2021, and September 2022. The search focused on self-report and observer-rated assessment tools used to assess mood, depression, and/or distress in those described as having a severe acquired brain injury. Psychometric properties were extracted using the Consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments (COSMIN) risk of bias checklist. Qualitative synthesis was performed on extracted patient data.
    Results: Nineteen papers detailing the psychometric properties of 25 measures were included, involving 2,914 participants. Nine papers provided details confirming the severity of participants' cognitive and communication impairments. The remaining papers described including severely injured participants but provided limited details so that precise level of severity could not be confirmed. Only one paper showed evidence of adequate psychometric properties and included those with severe cognitive impairments in a study of two observer-rated measures, the Stroke Aphasia Depression Questionnaire (10 items) and the Aphasia Depression Rating Scale.
    Conclusions: Due to the exclusion of individuals with severe cognitive and communication consequences following brain injury, no studies using self-report measures showed adequate validity evidence to recommend their use in this population. A small study using two observer-rated scales included those with severe cognitive impairments and showed satisfactory evidence that these measures can be validly used with this population.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Depression/diagnosis ; Depression/etiology ; Brain Injuries/complications ; Brain Injuries/diagnosis ; Aphasia ; Psychometrics ; Communication ; Cognition ; Reproducibility of Results
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639276-3
    ISSN 1477-0873 ; 0269-2155
    ISSN (online) 1477-0873
    ISSN 0269-2155
    DOI 10.1177/02692155221139023
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    Zs.A 2297: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: A systematic review of the effectiveness of machine learning for predicting psychosocial outcomes in acquired brain injury: Which algorithms are used and why?

    Mawdsley, Emma / Reynolds, Bronagh / Cullen, Breda

    Journal of neuropsychology

    2021  Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 319–339

    Abstract: Clinicians working in the field of acquired brain injury (ABI, an injury to the brain sustained after birth) are challenged to develop suitable care pathways for an individual client's needs. Being able to predict psychosocial outcomes after ABI would ... ...

    Abstract Clinicians working in the field of acquired brain injury (ABI, an injury to the brain sustained after birth) are challenged to develop suitable care pathways for an individual client's needs. Being able to predict psychosocial outcomes after ABI would enable clinicians and service providers to make advance decisions and better tailor care plans. Machine learning (ML, a predictive method from the field of artificial intelligence) is increasingly used for predicting ABI outcomes. This review aimed to examine the efficacy of using ML to make psychosocial predictions in ABI, evaluate the methodological quality of studies, and understand researchers' rationale for their choice of ML algorithms. Nine studies were reviewed from five databases, predicting a range of psychosocial outcomes from stroke, traumatic brain injury, and concussion. Eleven types of ML were employed with a total of 75 ML models. Every model was evaluated as having high risk of bias, unable to provide adequate evidence for predictive performance due to poor methodological quality. Overall, there was limited rationale for the choice of ML algorithms and poor evaluation of the methodological limitations by study authors. Considerations for overcoming methodological shortcomings are discussed, along with suggestions for assessing the suitability of data and suitability of ML algorithms for different ABI research questions.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; Brain Injuries/complications ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Stroke
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2380753-2
    ISSN 1748-6653 ; 1748-6645
    ISSN (online) 1748-6653
    ISSN 1748-6645
    DOI 10.1111/jnp.12244
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  7. Article ; Online: Subjective and objective sleep and circadian parameters as predictors of depression-related outcomes: A machine learning approach in UK Biobank.

    Lyall, Laura M / Sangha, Natasha / Zhu, Xingxing / Lyall, Donald M / Ward, Joey / Strawbridge, Rona J / Cullen, Breda / Smith, Daniel J

    Journal of affective disorders

    2023  Volume 335, Page(s) 83–94

    Abstract: Background: Sleep and circadian disruption are associated with depression onset and severity, but it is unclear which features (e.g., sleep duration, chronotype) are important and whether they can identify individuals showing poorer outcomes.: Methods! ...

    Abstract Background: Sleep and circadian disruption are associated with depression onset and severity, but it is unclear which features (e.g., sleep duration, chronotype) are important and whether they can identify individuals showing poorer outcomes.
    Methods: Within a subset of the UK Biobank with actigraphy and mental health data (n = 64,353), penalised regression identified the most useful of 51 sleep/rest-activity predictors of depression-related outcomes; including case-control (Major Depression (MD) vs. controls; postnatal depression vs. controls) and within-case comparisons (severe vs. moderate MD; early vs. later onset, atypical vs. typical symptoms; comorbid anxiety; suicidality). Best models (of lasso, ridge, and elastic net) were selected based on Area Under the Curve (AUC).
    Results: For MD vs. controls (n
    Limitations: Analyses were cross-sectional and in middle-/older aged adults: comparison with longitudinal investigations and younger cohorts is necessary.
    Discussion: Sleep and circadian measures alone provided poor to moderate discrimination of depression outcomes, but several characteristics were identified that may be clinically useful. Future work should assess these features alongside broader sociodemographic, lifestyle and genetic features.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Depression/epidemiology ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Sleep ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Circadian Rhythm
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.138
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  8. Article ; Online: Fluid handling by foam wound dressings: From engineering theory to advanced laboratory performance evaluations.

    Gefen, Amit / Alves, Paulo / Beeckman, Dimitri / Cullen, Breda / Lázaro-Martínez, José Luis / Lev-Tov, Hadar / Santamaria, Nick / Swanson, Terry / Woo, Kevin / Söderström, Bengt / Svensby, Anna / Malone, Matthew / Nygren, Erik

    International wound journal

    2024  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) e14674

    Abstract: This article describes the contemporary bioengineering theory and practice of evaluating the fluid handling performance of foam-based dressings, with focus on the important and clinically relevant engineering structure-function relationships and on ... ...

    Abstract This article describes the contemporary bioengineering theory and practice of evaluating the fluid handling performance of foam-based dressings, with focus on the important and clinically relevant engineering structure-function relationships and on advanced laboratory testing methods for pre-clinical quantitative assessments of this common type of wound dressings. The effects of key wound dressing material-related and treatment-related physical factors on the absorbency and overall fluid handling of foam-based dressings are thoroughly and quantitively analysed. Discussions include exudate viscosity and temperature, action of mechanical forces and the dressing microstructure and associated interactions. Based on this comprehensive review, we propose a newly developed testing method, experimental metrics and clinical benchmarks that are clinically relevant and can set the standard for robust fluid handling performance evaluations. The purpose of this evaluative framework is to translate the physical characteristics and performance determinants of a foam dressing into achievable best clinical outcomes. These guiding principles are key to distinguishing desirable properties of a dressing that contribute to optimal performance in clinical settings.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Wound Healing ; Bandages ; Exudates and Transudates ; Physical Examination
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2170920-8
    ISSN 1742-481X ; 1742-4801
    ISSN (online) 1742-481X
    ISSN 1742-4801
    DOI 10.1111/iwj.14674
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  9. Article ; Online: The nosological status of unipolar mania and hypomania within UK Biobank according to objective and subjective measures of diurnal rest and activity.

    Sangha, Natasha / Lyall, Laura / Wyse, Cathy / Cullen, Breda / Whalley, Heather C / Smith, Daniel J

    Bipolar disorders

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 7, Page(s) 726–738

    Abstract: Background: There is uncertainty whether unipolar mania is a discrete sub-type of bipolar disorder. Disrupted rest/activity rhythms are a key feature of bipolar disorder (BD) but have not been well characterised in unipolar mania/hypomania (UM). We ... ...

    Abstract Background: There is uncertainty whether unipolar mania is a discrete sub-type of bipolar disorder. Disrupted rest/activity rhythms are a key feature of bipolar disorder (BD) but have not been well characterised in unipolar mania/hypomania (UM). We compared subjective and objective rest/activity patterns, demographic and mental health outcomes across BD, UM and control groups.
    Methods: UK residents aged 37-73 years were recruited into UK Biobank from 2006 to 2010. BD, UM and control groups were identified via a mental health questionnaire. Demographic, mental health and subjective sleep outcomes were self-reported. Accelerometery data were available for a subset of participants, and objective measures of sleep and activity were derived.
    Results: A greater proportion of males met UM criteria, and more females were in the BD group. Both BD and UM groups had poor mental health outcomes vs. controls. Objectively measured activity differed between all three groups: UM had highest levels of activity and BD lowest. The UM group had shorter sleep duration compared to controls. Subjective rest/activity measures showed that both mood disorder groups (compared to controls) had later chronotype preference, more disturbed sleep and increased difficulty getting up in the morning. However, the UM group were more likely to report an early chronotype compared to BD and control groups.
    Conclusions: BD and UM share features in common, but key differences support the proposition that UM may be a distinct and more clinically homogenous disorder. UM was characterised by a higher proportion of males, early chronotype, increased activity and shorter sleep duration.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; Mania ; Bipolar Disorder/psychology ; Circadian Rhythm ; Biological Specimen Banks ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-16
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1472242-2
    ISSN 1399-5618 ; 1398-5647
    ISSN (online) 1399-5618
    ISSN 1398-5647
    DOI 10.1111/bdi.13237
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  10. Article ; Online: AppReminders - a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial of a memory aid app for people with acquired brain injury.

    Jamieson, Matthew / McClelland, Heather / Goudie, Nicola / McFarlane, Jean / Cullen, Breda / Lennon, Marilyn / Brewster, Stephen / Stanley, Bethany / McConnachie, Alex / Evans, Jonathan

    Neuropsychological rehabilitation

    2023  , Page(s) 1–37

    Abstract: Mobile phone reminding apps can be used by people with acquired brain injury (ABI) to compensate for memory impairments. This pilot feasibility trial aimed to establish the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial comparing reminder apps in an ABI ... ...

    Abstract Mobile phone reminding apps can be used by people with acquired brain injury (ABI) to compensate for memory impairments. This pilot feasibility trial aimed to establish the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial comparing reminder apps in an ABI community treatment setting. Adults with ABI and memory difficulty who completed the three-week baseline were randomized (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1080508-4
    ISSN 1464-0694 ; 0960-2011
    ISSN (online) 1464-0694
    ISSN 0960-2011
    DOI 10.1080/09602011.2023.2220969
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