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Article: Submerged cultivation of medicinal mushroom in hydrolysate of ligno-cellulosic material.

Kausar, Shamaila / Zia, Sadia / Khan, Fahad Said / Nadeem, Zainab

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

2020 Volume 32, Issue 6(Supplementary), Page(s) 2835–2841

Abstract: Ganoderma lucidum belongs to the family Ganodermataceae and found in Japan, China and some other parts of Asia. Traditionally it is used in herbal medicine as anti-diabetic, cancer prevention agent, antitumor, an immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and ... ...

Abstract	Ganoderma lucidum belongs to the family Ganodermataceae and found in Japan, China and some other parts of Asia. Traditionally it is used in herbal medicine as anti-diabetic, cancer prevention agent, antitumor, an immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and antiviral agent. Due to difficulty in field cultivation, submerged fermentation was employed as a promising method for efficient and large-scale production of mycelia biomass and bioactive metabolites. Cellulose was used in the form of a lignocellulosic substrate. The Ganoderma lucidum which is medicinal and edible mushrooms were successfully grown in the form of mycelial biomass in static submerged culture in Petri plates and flasks. The present study is based on the utilization of hydrolyzates of lignocellulosic materials such as Peanut cort, Sugarcane bagasse, and Wheat Straw was used after hydrolysis. A Static Fermentation Technique was employed to investigate the mycelial growth, instead of Fruiting Body. Ganoderma lucidum was kept up on PDA (potato dextrose agar) medium in Petri dishes at 4°C and brooded at 25°C for 5 days for the development of G. lucidum and generation of Ganoderic Acid. Morphology of G. lucidum on various Hydrolysates was white and delicate like cotton unpredictable shape, Cloud-like appearance spread in general plate and multiple little sporadic white cotton-like shape with string-like projections. We got a Ganoderic Acid from the Hydrolysates of Peanut cort concentrate, Sugarcane bagasse concentrate and Wheat straw concentrate at a concentration of 0.006g/L, 0.011g/L and 0.017g/L respectively.
MeSH term(s)	Agaricales/growth & development ; Agaricales/metabolism ; Asia ; Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Cellulose/metabolism ; Fermentation/physiology ; Reishi/growth & development ; Reishi/metabolism ; Triterpenes/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Triterpenes ; ganoderic acid ; Cellulose (9004-34-6) ; bagasse (9006-97-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-28
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	885131-1
ISSN	1011-601X
ISSN	1011-601X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A review: Mechanism of action of antiviral drugs.

Kausar, Shamaila / Said Khan, Fahad / Ishaq Mujeeb Ur Rehman, Muhammad / Akram, Muhammad / Riaz, Muhammad / Rasool, Ghulam / Hamid Khan, Abdul / Saleem, Iqra / Shamim, Saba / Malik, Arif

International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology

2021 Volume 35, Page(s) 20587384211002621

Abstract: Antiviral drugs are a class of medicines particularly used for the treatment of viral infections. Drugs that combat viral infections are called antiviral drugs. Viruses are among the major pathogenic agents that cause number of serious diseases in humans, ...

Abstract	Antiviral drugs are a class of medicines particularly used for the treatment of viral infections. Drugs that combat viral infections are called antiviral drugs. Viruses are among the major pathogenic agents that cause number of serious diseases in humans, animals and plants. Viruses cause many diseases in humans, from self resolving diseases to acute fatal diseases. Developing strategies for the antiviral drugs are focused on two different approaches: Targeting the viruses themselves or the host cell factors. Antiviral drugs that directly target the viruses include the inhibitors of virus attachment, inhibitors of virus entry, uncoating inhibitors, polymerase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, inhibitors of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase and the inhibitors of integrase. The inhibitors of protease (ritonavir, atazanavir and darunavir), viral DNA polymerase (acyclovir, tenofovir, valganciclovir and valacyclovir) and of integrase (raltegravir) are listed among the Top 200 Drugs by sales during 2010s. Still no effective antiviral drugs are available for many viral infections. Though, there are a couple of drugs for herpesviruses, many for influenza and some new antiviral drugs for treating hepatitis C infection and HIV. Action mechanism of antiviral drugs consists of its transformation to triphosphate following the viral DNA synthesis inhibition. An analysis of the action mechanism of known antiviral drugs concluded that they can increase the cell's resistance to a virus (interferons), suppress the virus adsorption in the cell or its diffusion into the cell and its deproteinisation process in the cell (amantadine) along with antimetabolites that causes the inhibition of nucleic acids synthesis. This review will address currently used antiviral drugs, mechanism of action and antiviral agents reported against COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antiviral Agents/adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; COVID-19/virology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Review
ZDB-ID	645171-8
ISSN	2058-7384 ; 0394-6320
ISSN (online)	2058-7384
ISSN	0394-6320
DOI	10.1177/20587384211002621
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Article: Biosynthesis and characterisation of nano-silica as potential system for carrying streptomycin at nano-scale drug delivery.

Jabeen, Nyla / Maqbool, Qaisar / Sajjad, Shamaila / Minhas, Anam / Younas, Umer / Anwaar, Sadaf / Nazar, Mudassar / Kausar, Rizwan / Hussain, Syed Zaheer

IET nanobiotechnology

2017 Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 557–561

Abstract: A growing trend within nanomedicine has been the fabrication of self-delivering supramolecular nanomedicines containing a high and fixed drug content ensuring eco-friendly conditions. This study reports on green synthesis of silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) ...

Abstract	A growing trend within nanomedicine has been the fabrication of self-delivering supramolecular nanomedicines containing a high and fixed drug content ensuring eco-friendly conditions. This study reports on green synthesis of silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) using
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Azadirachta/chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials ; Cetrimonium/chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Nanoparticles ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Silicon Dioxide/chemistry ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Streptomycin/administration & dosage ; Surface-Active Agents/chemistry ; X-Ray Diffraction
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biocompatible Materials ; Surface-Active Agents ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9) ; Streptomycin (Y45QSO73OB) ; Cetrimonium (Z7FF1XKL7A)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2264529-9
ISSN	1751-875X ; 1751-8741
ISSN (online)	1751-875X
ISSN	1751-8741
DOI	10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0106
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Article ; Online: Cadmium phytotoxicity

Essa Ali / Abid Hussain / Izhar Ullah / Fahad Said Khan / Shamaila Kausar / Shaikh Abdur Rashid / Imran Rabbani / Mohammad Imran / Kaleem Ullah Kakar / Jawad Munawar Shah / Ming Cai / Lixi Jiang / Nazim Hussain / Peilong Sun

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Vol 52, Iss

issues, progress, environmental concerns and future perspectives

2020 Volume 1

Abstract: Cadmium, a high toxicity element, is a potential threat to plant and human health, and a dangerous pollutant in the environment. Uptake and accumulation by crops represent the main entry pathway for potentially health-threatening toxic metals into human ... ...

Abstract	Cadmium, a high toxicity element, is a potential threat to plant and human health, and a dangerous pollutant in the environment. Uptake and accumulation by crops represent the main entry pathway for potentially health-threatening toxic metals into human and animal food. Crops and other plants take up Cd from the soil or water and may distribute it in their roots and shoots. Soil and/or water are usually contaminated with Cd through natural sources, industrial effluent, and anthropogenic activities. In this review, the sources of Cd contamination, evaluation of the phytotoxic effects on plants, and mode of action of Cd toxicity, were summarized. Plant defensive strategies upon excess Cd are also considered in this review. Cd-induced effects include oxidative stress, disintegration of the photosynthetic apparatus, reduction in gas exchange parameters, nutrient imbalance, and subcellular organelle degradation. In addition, Cd severely impairs biomolecules such as DNA, protein, and lipids. Although plants are sessile in nature, they are equipped with certain mechanisms to cope with unfavorable conditions. These mechanisms include synthesis of metal-helating proteins, expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, organic acids, and plant root–mycorrhiza association. The built-in system of plant tolerance to Cd can be further enhanced by the application of exogenous organic and inorganic metal sources. This review will broaden the knowledge about the Cd accumulation in plants and the responses to metal exposure, as well as our understanding of metal tolerance and overcoming this serious issue for sustainable agriculture and human health worldwide. Highlights Cd accumulation has harmful effects in an organism. Cd has been listed 7th out of 275 compounds in the priority list of hazardous materials. Cd remains in the soil for 15–1100 years. Plants usually imply certain strategies to overcome Cd toxicity. Plants built-in systems can be enhanced to overwhelmed this problem.
Keywords	Cadmium ; antioxidant enzymes ; phytochelaton ; metal transporters ; Agriculture ; S ; Food processing and manufacture ; TP368-456
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cadmium phytotoxicity

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Vol 52, Iss

issues, progress, environmental concerns and future perspectives

2020 Volume 1

Abstract	Cadmium, a high toxicity element, is a potential threat to plant and human health, and a dangerous pollutant in the environment. Uptake and accumulation by crops represent the main entry pathway for potentially health-threatening toxic metals into human and animal food. Crops and other plants take up Cd from the soil or water and may distribute it in their roots and shoots. Soil and/or water are usually contaminated with Cd through natural sources, industrial effluent, and anthropogenic activities. In this review, the sources of Cd contamination, evaluation of the phytotoxic effects on plants, and mode of action of Cd toxicity, were summarized. Plant defensive strategies upon excess Cd are also considered in this review. Cd-induced effects include oxidative stress, disintegration of the photosynthetic apparatus, reduction in gas exchange parameters, nutrient imbalance, and subcellular organelle degradation. In addition, Cd severely impairs biomolecules such as DNA, protein, and lipids. Although plants are sessile in nature, they are equipped with certain mechanisms to cope with unfavorable conditions. These mechanisms include synthesis of metal-helating proteins, expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, organic acids, and plant root"“mycorrhiza association. The built-in system of plant tolerance to Cd can be further enhanced by the application of exogenous organic and inorganic metal sources. This review will broaden the knowledge about the Cd accumulation in plants and the responses to metal exposure, as well as our understanding of metal tolerance and overcoming this serious issue for sustainable agriculture and human health worldwide. Highlights Cd accumulation has harmful effects in an organism. Cd has been listed 7th out of 275 compounds in the priority list of hazardous materials. Cd remains in the soil for 15"“1100 years. Plants usually imply certain strategies to overcome Cd toxicity. Plants built-in systems can be enhanced to overwhelmed this problem.
Keywords	Cadmium ; antioxidant enzymes ; phytochelaton ; metal transporters ; Agriculture ; S ; Food processing and manufacture ; TP368-456
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cadmium phytotoxicity

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Vol 52, Iss

issues, progress, environmental concerns and future perspectives

2020 Volume 1

Abstract	Cadmium, a high toxicity element, is a potential threat to plant and human health, and a dangerous pollutant in the environment. Uptake and accumulation by crops represent the main entry pathway for potentially health-threatening toxic metals into human and animal food. Crops and other plants take up Cd from the soil or water and may distribute it in their roots and shoots. Soil and/or water are usually contaminated with Cd through natural sources, industrial effluent, and anthropogenic activities. In this review, the sources of Cd contamination, evaluation of the phytotoxic effects on plants, and mode of action of Cd toxicity, were summarized. Plant defensive strategies upon excess Cd are also considered in this review. Cd-induced effects include oxidative stress, disintegration of the photosynthetic apparatus, reduction in gas exchange parameters, nutrient imbalance, and subcellular organelle degradation. In addition, Cd severely impairs biomolecules such as DNA, protein, and lipids. Although plants are sessile in nature, they are equipped with certain mechanisms to cope with unfavorable conditions. These mechanisms include synthesis of metal-helating proteins, expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, organic acids, and plant rootâ€“mycorrhiza association. The built-in system of plant tolerance to Cd can be further enhanced by the application of exogenous organic and inorganic metal sources. This review will broaden the knowledge about the Cd accumulation in plants and the responses to metal exposure, as well as our understanding of metal tolerance and overcoming this serious issue for sustainable agriculture and human health worldwide. Highlights Cd accumulation has harmful effects in an organism. Cd has been listed 7th out of 275 compounds in the priority list of hazardous materials. Cd remains in the soil for 15â€“1100 years. Plants usually imply certain strategies to overcome Cd toxicity. Plants built-in systems can be enhanced to overwhelmed this problem.
Keywords	Cadmium ; antioxidant enzymes ; phytochelaton ; metal transporters ; Agriculture ; S ; Food processing and manufacture ; TP368-456
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cadmium phytotoxicity

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Vol 52, Iss

issues, progress, environmental concerns and future perspectives

2020 Volume 1

Abstract	Cadmium, a high toxicity element, is a potential threat to plant and human health, and a dangerous pollutant in the environment. Uptake and accumulation by crops represent the main entry pathway for potentially health-threatening toxic metals into human and animal food. Crops and other plants take up Cd from the soil or water and may distribute it in their roots and shoots. Soil and/or water are usually contaminated with Cd through natural sources, industrial effluent, and anthropogenic activities. In this review, the sources of Cd contamination, evaluation of the phytotoxic effects on plants, and mode of action of Cd toxicity, were summarized. Plant defensive strategies upon excess Cd are also considered in this review. Cd-induced effects include oxidative stress, disintegration of the photosynthetic apparatus, reduction in gas exchange parameters, nutrient imbalance, and subcellular organelle degradation. In addition, Cd severely impairs biomolecules such as DNA, protein, and lipids. Although plants are sessile in nature, they are equipped with certain mechanisms to cope with unfavorable conditions. These mechanisms include synthesis of metal-helating proteins, expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, organic acids, and plant rootâ€“mycorrhiza association. The built-in system of plant tolerance to Cd can be further enhanced by the application of exogenous organic and inorganic metal sources. This review will broaden the knowledge about the Cd accumulation in plants and the responses to metal exposure, as well as our understanding of metal tolerance and overcoming this serious issue for sustainable agriculture and human health worldwide. Highlights Cd accumulation has harmful effects in an organism. Cd has been listed 7th out of 275 compounds in the priority list of hazardous materials. Cd remains in the soil for 15â€“1100 years. Plants usually imply certain strategies to overcome Cd toxicity. Plants built-in systems can be enhanced to overwhelmed this problem.
Keywords	Cadmium ; antioxidant enzymes ; phytochelaton ; metal transporters ; Agriculture ; S ; Food processing and manufacture ; TP368-456
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Therapeutic potential of medicinal plants for the management of scabies.

Akram, Muhammad / Riaz, Muhammad / Noreen, Sarwat / Shariati, Mohammad A / Shaheen, Ghazala / Akhter, Naheed / Parveen, Farzana / Akhtar, Naheed / Zafar, Sadia / Owais Ghauri, Aymen / Riaz, Zerfishan / Khan, Fahad S / Kausar, Shamaila / Zainab, Rida

Dermatologic therapy

2019 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) e13186

Abstract: Sarcoptes scabiei (S. scabiei), a parasite mite which causes scabies disease resulting in serious public health concern. The long-term scabies disease can lead to complications such as septicemia, acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, heart ... ...

Abstract	Sarcoptes scabiei (S. scabiei), a parasite mite which causes scabies disease resulting in serious public health concern. The long-term scabies disease can lead to complications such as septicemia, acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, heart disease, and secondary infections. Timely treatment to the affected patients is required to control the disease and get rid of the causative agent. Delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment can lead to serious consequences. The most common treatment strategy is the use of allopathic medicines which can immediately relieve the patient but have the drawback of side effects. The safe and cost-effective alternative treatment strategy is the use of medicinal plants which have beneficial therapeutic potential against variety of diseases due to the presence of many bioactive phytoconstituents with no or minimal side effects. For the present review, the published articles describing scabies disease and its phytotherapeutic modalities were searched through different data bases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect using the keywords like S. scabiei, prevalence of scabies disease, and phytotherapy of scabies. A large number of medicinal plants, such as Melaleuca alternifolia, Curcuma longa, Azadirachta indica, Rosmarinus officinalis, Capsicum annuum, Cinnamomum camphor, Solanum nigrum, and Eupatorium perfoliatum, have been reviewed for the promising future treatments of scabies. All the studied plants have many bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic effects against scabies and can be utilized for therapeutic purposes for this disease. This literature study has limitations because of the lack of sufficient data due to limited pre-clinical trials in this particular area. This review provides a baseline to explore the therapeutic potential of these medicinal plants against skin diseases. However, extensive studies are required to identify, authenticate, and characterize the bioactive compounds present in these plants which may lead to value addition in pharmaceutical industries providing the cost-effective way of treatment with minimal side effects.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Phytotherapy/methods ; Plant Preparations/isolation & purification ; Plant Preparations/therapeutic use ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry ; Sarcoptes scabiei/drug effects ; Sarcoptes scabiei/parasitology ; Scabies/drug therapy ; Scabies/parasitology
Chemical Substances	Plant Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1354801-3
ISSN	1529-8019 ; 1396-0296
ISSN (online)	1529-8019
ISSN	1396-0296
DOI	10.1111/dth.13186
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Article: Phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective effect of polyherbal formulation on CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Khan, Fahad Said / Akram, Muhammad / Aslam, Nosheen / Zaheer, Jawad / Mustafa, Sodah Bint / Kausar, Shamaila / Khan, Abdul Hamid / Khan, Iftikhar Ahmad / Munir, Naveed / Shah, Syed Muhammad Ali / Tahir, Imtiaz Mahmood / Sharif, Aamir

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

2018 Volume 31, Issue 6 (Supplementary, Page(s) 2719–2723

Abstract: The potent phytotherapeutic modalities against the hepatotoxicity have motivated us to explore numerous plants and polyherbal preparations because conventional drug discovery is more expensive and tedious. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the ... ...

Abstract	The potent phytotherapeutic modalities against the hepatotoxicity have motivated us to explore numerous plants and polyherbal preparations because conventional drug discovery is more expensive and tedious. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of a polyherbal formulation (PHF), comprising of Solanum nigrum, Silybum marianum, Atrmesia absinthium, Achillea millifolium and Cichorium intybus against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. CCl4intoxicationinduced vacuole formation and fastdegeneration so selective liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkalinephosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin in rat's plasma,as well as liver histological architecture, were used to evaluate the effect of herbal treatments with different doses (ranging 100-500 mg/kg) for two weeks. Statistical analysis showed that PHF significantly (P<.05) improved the level of liver enzymes as well as improve the liver architecture comparative to control groups. It could be concluded from current findings that PHF prepared from Solanum nigrum, Silybum marianum, Atrmesia absinthium, Achillea millifiloium and Cichorium intybus have some hepatoprotective activities.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Compounding ; Male ; Mice ; Phytochemicals/chemistry ; Phytochemicals/isolation & purification ; Phytochemicals/therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy/methods ; Plant Preparations/chemistry ; Plant Preparations/isolation & purification ; Plant Preparations/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Phytochemicals ; Plant Preparations ; Carbon Tetrachloride (CL2T97X0V0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-23
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	885131-1
ISSN	1011-601X
ISSN	1011-601X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The evaluation ofefficacy and safety of Cough (EMA) granules used for upper respiratory disorders.

Khan, Muhammad Faizan / Akram, Muhammad / Akhter, Naheed / Mukhtiar, Muhammad / Zahid, Rabia / Khan, Fahad Said / Daniyal, Muhammad / Tahir, Imtiaz Mahmood / Ahmed, Khalil / Sharif, Aamir / Kausar, Shamaila / Shah, Syed Muhammad Ali / Usmanghani, Khan

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

2018 Volume 31, Issue 6 (Supplementary, Page(s) 2617–2622

Abstract: Ivy leaf is used for the treatment of respiratory diseases with the intensive mucus formation, respiratory infections, and irritating cough coming from the common cold. Conferring to clinical trials, the efficacy, and tolerability of ivy leaf is good. ... ...

Abstract	Ivy leaf is used for the treatment of respiratory diseases with the intensive mucus formation, respiratory infections, and irritating cough coming from the common cold. Conferring to clinical trials, the efficacy, and tolerability of ivy leaf is good. The main compounds accountable for biological activity are triterpene and saponins. Ivy leaves show convulsive/antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, anthelmintic and anti-thrombin activity. Not only ivy but also marshmallow and mustard seeds are used for these indications. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cough (EMA; European Medicines Agency) granules used for upper respiratory disorders. This clinical trial was conducted on 150 patients, out of which 75received the Cough (EMA) granules and 75received the placebo. The age range of patients was 3 years to above 15 years. The sample paired t-test was applied to evaluate the significant level. Cough (EMA) granules were found effective in the treatment of cough, cold, and flu symptoms. The new treatment Cough (EMA) granules were safe and well tolerated in patient at given specific age group. The study recommends that Cough (EMA) granules can be used effectively in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Althaea ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cough/diagnosis ; Cough/drug therapy ; Female ; Hedera ; Humans ; Male ; Plant Extracts/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Single-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Plant Extracts
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-23
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	885131-1
ISSN	1011-601X
ISSN	1011-601X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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