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  1. Book ; Online: Technology and Sustainable Development

    Sætra, Henrik Skaug / Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    The Promise and Pitfalls of Techno-Solutionism

    2023  

    Keywords Ethical & social aspects of IT ; Human-computer interaction ; Development economics & emerging economies ; Impact of science & technology on society ; Information technology: general issues ; Computer science ; Neural networks & fuzzy systems ; Robotics ; Sustainable agriculture ; governance;politics;Sustainable development goals;sustainability;technological change
    Language English
    Size 1 electronic resource (287 pages)
    Publisher Taylor and Francis
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English
    HBZ-ID HT030382654
    ISBN 9781003325086 ; 1003325084
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: Mechanisms of Techno-Moral Change: A Taxonomy and Overview.

    Danaher, John / Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    Ethical theory and moral practice : an international forum

    2023  , Page(s) 1–22

    Abstract: The idea that technologies can change moral beliefs and practices is an old one. But how, exactly, does this happen? This paper builds on an emerging field of inquiry by developing a synoptic taxonomy of the mechanisms of techno-moral change. It argues ... ...

    Abstract The idea that technologies can change moral beliefs and practices is an old one. But how, exactly, does this happen? This paper builds on an emerging field of inquiry by developing a synoptic taxonomy of the mechanisms of techno-moral change. It argues that technology affects moral beliefs and practices in three main domains:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2015306-5
    ISSN 1572-8447 ; 1386-2820
    ISSN (online) 1572-8447
    ISSN 1386-2820
    DOI 10.1007/s10677-023-10397-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Challenging the Neo-Anthropocentric Relational Approach to Robot Rights.

    Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    Frontiers in robotics and AI

    2021  Volume 8, Page(s) 744426

    Abstract: When will it make sense to consider robots candidates for moral standing? Major disagreements exist between those who find that question important and those who do not, and also between those united in their willingness to pursue the question. I narrow ... ...

    Abstract When will it make sense to consider robots candidates for moral standing? Major disagreements exist between those who find that question important and those who do not, and also between those united in their willingness to pursue the question. I narrow in on the approach to robot rights called relationalism, and ask: if we provide robots moral standing based on how humans relate to them, are we moving past human chauvinism, or are we merely putting a new dress on it? The background for the article is the clash between those who argue that robot rights are possible and those who see a fight for robot rights as ludicrous, unthinkable, or just outright harmful and disruptive for humans. The latter group are by some branded human chauvinists and anthropocentric, and they are criticized and portrayed as backward, unjust, and ignorant of history. Relationalism, in contrast, purportedly opens the door for considering robot rights and moving past anthropocentrism. However, I argue that relationalism is, quite to the contrary, a form of neo-anthropocentrism that recenters human beings and their unique ontological properties, perceptions, and values. I do so by raising three objections: 1) relationalism centers human values and perspectives, 2) it is indirectly a type of properties-based approach, and 3) edge cases reveal potentially absurd implications in practice.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2781824-X
    ISSN 2296-9144 ; 2296-9144
    ISSN (online) 2296-9144
    ISSN 2296-9144
    DOI 10.3389/frobt.2021.744426
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Correction to: The Parasitic Nature of Social AI: Sharing Minds with the Mindless.

    Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    Integrative psychological & behavioral science

    2020  Volume 54, Issue 2, Page(s) 327

    Abstract: The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. ...

    Abstract The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2396310-4
    ISSN 1936-3567 ; 1932-4502
    ISSN (online) 1936-3567
    ISSN 1932-4502
    DOI 10.1007/s12124-020-09536-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 399: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article: The foundations of a policy for the use of social robots in care.

    Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    Technology in society

    2020  Volume 63, Page(s) 101383

    Abstract: Should we deploy social robots in care settings? This question, asked from a policy standpoint, requires that we understand the potential benefits and downsides of deploying social robots in care situations. Potential benefits could include increased ... ...

    Abstract Should we deploy social robots in care settings? This question, asked from a policy standpoint, requires that we understand the potential benefits and downsides of deploying social robots in care situations. Potential benefits could include increased efficiency, increased welfare, physiological and psychological benefits, and experienced satisfaction. There are, however, important objections to the use of social robots in care. These include the possibility that relations with robots can potentially displace human contact, that these relations could be harmful, that robot care is undignified and disrespectful, and that social robots are deceptive. I propose a framework for evaluating all these arguments in terms of three aspects of care:
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0160-791X
    ISSN 0160-791X
    DOI 10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101383
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: A shallow defence of a technocracy of artificial intelligence: Examining the political harms of algorithmic governance in the domain of government.

    Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    Technology in society

    2020  Volume 62, Page(s) 101283

    Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has proven to be superior to human decision-making in certain areas. This is particularly the case whenever there is a need for advanced strategic reasoning and analysis of vast amounts of data in order to solve complex ... ...

    Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has proven to be superior to human decision-making in certain areas. This is particularly the case whenever there is a need for advanced strategic reasoning and analysis of vast amounts of data in order to solve complex problems. Few human activities fit this description better than politics. In politics we deal with some of the most complex issues humans face, short-term and long-term consequences have to be balanced, and we make decisions knowing that we do not fully understand their consequences. I examine an extreme case of the application of AI in the domain of government, and use this case to examine a subset of the potential harms associated with algorithmic governance. I focus on five objections based on political theoretical considerations and the potential
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0160-791X
    ISSN 0160-791X
    DOI 10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101283
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Order via subito

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  7. Article ; Online: The Parasitic Nature of Social AI: Sharing Minds with the Mindless.

    Sætra, Henrik Skaug

    Integrative psychological & behavioral science

    2020  Volume 54, Issue 2, Page(s) 308–326

    Abstract: Can artificial intelligence (AI) develop the potential to be our partner, and will we be as sensitive to its social signals as we are to those of human beings? I examine both of these questions and how cultural psychology might add such questions to its ... ...

    Abstract Can artificial intelligence (AI) develop the potential to be our partner, and will we be as sensitive to its social signals as we are to those of human beings? I examine both of these questions and how cultural psychology might add such questions to its research agenda. There are three areas in which I believe there is a need for both a better understanding and added perspective. First, I will present some important concepts and ideas from the world of AI that might be beneficial for pursuing research topics focused on AI within the cultural psychology research agenda. Second, there are some very interesting questions that must be answered with respect to central notions in cultural psychology as these are tested through human interactions with AI. Third, I claim that social robots are parasitic to deeply ingrained human social behaviour, in the sense that they exploit and feed upon processes and mechanisms that evolved for purposes that were originally completely alien to human-computer interactions.
    MeSH term(s) Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2396310-4
    ISSN 1936-3567 ; 1932-4502
    ISSN (online) 1936-3567
    ISSN 1932-4502
    DOI 10.1007/s12124-020-09523-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 399: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article ; Online: A Framework for Evaluating and Disclosing the ESG Related Impacts of AI with the SDGs

    Henrik Skaug Sætra

    Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 8503, p

    2021  Volume 8503

    Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) now permeates all aspects of modern society, and we are simultaneously seeing an increased focus on issues of sustainability in all human activities. All major corporations are now expected to account for their environmental ... ...

    Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) now permeates all aspects of modern society, and we are simultaneously seeing an increased focus on issues of sustainability in all human activities. All major corporations are now expected to account for their environmental and social footprint and to disclose and report on their activities. This is carried out through a diverse set of standards, frameworks, and metrics related to what is referred to as ESG (environment, social, governance), which is now, increasingly often, replacing the older term CSR (corporate social responsibility). The challenge addressed in this article is that none of these frameworks sufficiently capture the nature of the sustainability related impacts of AI. This creates a situation in which companies are not incentivised to properly analyse such impacts. Simultaneously, it allows the companies that are aware of negative impacts to not disclose them. This article proposes a framework for evaluating and disclosing ESG related AI impacts based on the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The core of the framework is here presented, with examples of how it forces an examination of micro, meso, and macro level impacts, a consideration of both negative and positive impacts, and accounting for ripple effects and interlinkages between the different impacts. Such a framework helps make analyses of AI related ESG impacts more structured and systematic, more transparent, and it allows companies to draw on research in AI ethics in such evaluations. In the closing section, Microsoft’s sustainability reporting from 2018 and 2019 is used as an example of how sustainability reporting is currently carried out, and how it might be improved by using the approach here advocated.
    Keywords artificial intelligence ; Sustainable Development Goals ; ESG ; CSR ; reporting ; disclosure ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Challenging the Neo-Anthropocentric Relational Approach to Robot Rights

    Henrik Skaug Sætra

    Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol

    2021  Volume 8

    Abstract: When will it make sense to consider robots candidates for moral standing? Major disagreements exist between those who find that question important and those who do not, and also between those united in their willingness to pursue the question. I narrow ... ...

    Abstract When will it make sense to consider robots candidates for moral standing? Major disagreements exist between those who find that question important and those who do not, and also between those united in their willingness to pursue the question. I narrow in on the approach to robot rights called relationalism, and ask: if we provide robots moral standing based on how humans relate to them, are we moving past human chauvinism, or are we merely putting a new dress on it? The background for the article is the clash between those who argue that robot rights are possible and those who see a fight for robot rights as ludicrous, unthinkable, or just outright harmful and disruptive for humans. The latter group are by some branded human chauvinists and anthropocentric, and they are criticized and portrayed as backward, unjust, and ignorant of history. Relationalism, in contrast, purportedly opens the door for considering robot rights and moving past anthropocentrism. However, I argue that relationalism is, quite to the contrary, a form of neo-anthropocentrism that recenters human beings and their unique ontological properties, perceptions, and values. I do so by raising three objections: 1) relationalism centers human values and perspectives, 2) it is indirectly a type of properties-based approach, and 3) edge cases reveal potentially absurd implications in practice.
    Keywords anthropocentrism ; ethics ; moral standing ; robots ; rights ; social robots ; Mechanical engineering and machinery ; TJ1-1570 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Subject code 170
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: AI in Context and the Sustainable Development Goals

    Henrik Skaug Sætra

    Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 4, p

    Factoring in the Unsustainability of the Sociotechnical System

    2021  Volume 1738

    Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with both positive and negative impacts on both people and planet, and much attention is currently devoted to analyzing and evaluating these impacts. In 2015, the UN set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ... ...

    Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with both positive and negative impacts on both people and planet, and much attention is currently devoted to analyzing and evaluating these impacts. In 2015, the UN set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), consisting of environmental, social, and economic goals. This article shows how the SDGs provide a novel and useful framework for analyzing and categorizing the benefits and harms of AI. AI is here considered in context as part of a sociotechnical system consisting of larger structures and economic and political systems, rather than as a simple tool that can be analyzed in isolation. This article distinguishes between direct and indirect effects of AI and divides the SDGs into five groups based on the kinds of impact AI has on them. While AI has great positive potential, it is also intimately linked to nonuniversal access to increasingly large data sets and the computing infrastructure required to make use of them. As a handful of nations and companies control the development and application of AI, this raises important questions regarding the potential negative implications of AI on the SDGs. The conceptual framework here presented helps structure the analysis of which of the SDGs AI might be useful in attaining and which goals are threatened by the increased use of AI.
    Keywords sustainable development goals ; artificial intelligence ; bias ; discrimination ; inequality ; system ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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