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  1. Article: Who pays the piper?

    Calton, Tim

    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science

    2005  Volume 187, Page(s) 195

    MeSH term(s) Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Attitude to Health ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Models, Psychological ; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Antipsychotic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 218103-4
    ISSN 1472-1465 ; 0007-1250
    ISSN (online) 1472-1465
    ISSN 0007-1250
    DOI 10.1192/bjp.187.2.195
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A systematic review of the Soteria paradigm for the treatment of people diagnosed with schizophrenia.

    Calton, Tim / Ferriter, Michael / Huband, Nick / Spandler, Helen

    Schizophrenia bulletin

    2007  Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) 181–192

    Abstract: Background: The "Soteria paradigm" attempts to support people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using a minimal medication approach. Interest in this approach is growing in the United Kingdom, several European countries, North America, and ...

    Abstract Background: The "Soteria paradigm" attempts to support people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using a minimal medication approach. Interest in this approach is growing in the United Kingdom, several European countries, North America, and Australasia.
    Aims: To summarize the findings from all controlled trials that have assessed the efficacy of the Soteria paradigm for the treatment of people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
    Methods: A systematic search strategy was used to identify controlled studies (randomized, pseudorandomized, and nonrandomized) employing the Soteria paradigm to treat adults and adolescents meeting the criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorders according to International Classification of Diseases and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders criteria.
    Results: We identified 3 controlled trials involving a total of 223 participants diagnosed with first- or second-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders. There were few major significant differences between the experimental and control groups in any of the trials across a range of outcome measures at 2-year follow-up, though there were some benefits in specific areas.
    Conclusions: The studies included in this review suggest that the Soteria paradigm yields equal, and in certain specific areas, better results in the treatment of people diagnosed with first- or second-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (achieving this with considerably lower use of medication) when compared with conventional, medication-based approaches. Further research is urgently required to evaluate this approach more rigorously because it may offer an alternative treatment for people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data ; Schizophrenia/diagnosis ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy ; Schizophrenia/rehabilitation ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 439173-1
    ISSN 1745-1701 ; 0586-7614
    ISSN (online) 1745-1701
    ISSN 0586-7614
    DOI 10.1093/schbul/sbm047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Involving patients in research: the challenge of patient-centredness.

    Tischler, Victoria / D'Silva, Karen / Cheetham, Anna / Goring, Mervin / Calton, Tim

    The International journal of social psychiatry

    2010  Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 623–633

    Abstract: Background: The concept of patient-centredness is increasingly being incorporated into modern healthcare practice, yet little attention has been given to the development of patient-centred principles in research.: Aims: This study aimed to establish ... ...

    Abstract Background: The concept of patient-centredness is increasingly being incorporated into modern healthcare practice, yet little attention has been given to the development of patient-centred principles in research.
    Aims: This study aimed to establish convergent validity for a definition of patient-centredness using abstracts from schizophrenia research and to explore the experiences of psychiatrists and service users taking part in research that was designed to be patient-centred.
    Methods: Mixed methods were used in this community study.
    Results: Thirteen service users and three psychiatrists took part. Service users rated eight of 60 research abstracts as patient-centred, even though 30 of these had been previously rated as such by psychiatrists. There was some accord between psychiatrist and service user ratings as seven out of eight abstracts were identified by both groups as patient-centred. Process aspects of research were valued by service users, for example, being respected as collaborators. Both groups reported benefits to participation in patient-centred research, such as feeling valued and breaking down barriers between doctor and patient.
    Conclusions: While there is some agreement between professionals and service users as to what constitutes patient-centred research, other process-related factors are important. Patient-centred research is valued by both service users and doctors and should be incorporated into future studies.
    MeSH term(s) Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Patient Participation ; Patient-Centered Care ; Research ; Schizophrenia ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3062-4
    ISSN 1741-2854 ; 0020-7640
    ISSN (online) 1741-2854
    ISSN 0020-7640
    DOI 10.1177/0020764009104281
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Different psychological effects of cannabis use in adolescents at genetic high risk for schizophrenia and with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

    Hollis, Chris / Groom, Madeleine J / Das, Debasis / Calton, Tim / Bates, Alan T / Andrews, Hayley K / Jackson, Georgina M / Liddle, Peter F

    Schizophrenia research

    2008  Volume 105, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 216–223

    Abstract: Background: Controversy exists regarding whether young people at risk for schizophrenia are at increased risk of adverse mental effects of cannabis use.: Methods: We examined cannabis use and mental health functioning in three groups of young people ... ...

    Abstract Background: Controversy exists regarding whether young people at risk for schizophrenia are at increased risk of adverse mental effects of cannabis use.
    Methods: We examined cannabis use and mental health functioning in three groups of young people aged 14-21; 36 non-psychotic siblings of adolescents with schizophrenia (genetic high risk group), 25 adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 72 healthy controls. The groups were sub-divided into 'users' and 'non-users' of cannabis based on how often they had used cannabis previously. Mental health functioning was quantified by creating a composite index derived from scores on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Global Assessment of Function (GAF).
    Results: A significant positive association between cannabis use and mental health disturbance was confined to young people at genetic high risk for schizophrenia. To determine whether the relationship was specific to particular dimensions of mental health function, a second composite index was created based on scores from the SPQ Disorganisation and SDQ hyperactivity-inattention sub-scales. Again, there was a significant positive association between cannabis use and factor scores which was specific to the genetic high risk group. There was a trend for this association to be negative in the ADHD group (p=0.07).
    Conclusions: The findings support the view that young people at genetic high risk for schizophrenia are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems associated with cannabis use. Further research is needed to investigate the basis of relationships between cannabis and mental health in genetically vulnerable individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics ; Cannabis/adverse effects ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders/psychology ; Control Groups ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Marijuana Abuse/complications ; Marijuana Abuse/diagnosis ; Marijuana Abuse/psychology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prevalence ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychology, Adolescent ; Risk Factors ; Schizophrenia/diagnosis ; Schizophrenia/epidemiology ; Schizophrenia/genetics ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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