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  1. Article ; Online: Immunology according to Dembic: Preserving integrity is key.

    Corthay, Alexandre / Höglund, Petter

    Scandinavian journal of immunology

    2022  Volume 95, Issue 5, Page(s) e13173

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 120476-2
    ISSN 1365-3083 ; 0300-9475
    ISSN (online) 1365-3083
    ISSN 0300-9475
    DOI 10.1111/sji.13173
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  2. Book ; Thesis: T cells in autoimmunity

    Corthay, Alexandre

    studies on murine type II collagen-induced arthritis

    2000  

    Author's details Alexandre Corthay
    Language English
    Size Getr. Zählung : graph. Darst.
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Lund, Univ., Diss., 1999
    HBZ-ID HT012788222
    ISBN 91-628-4037-1 ; 978-91-628-4037-2
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2000 E 2213 order for loan Magazin

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  3. Article ; Online: Book Review: Rediscovering the Immune System as an Integrated Organ.

    Corthay, A

    Scandinavian journal of immunology

    2016  Volume 84, Issue 1, Page(s) 70–71

    Abstract: The immune system may seem incredibly complex. Researchers in immunology are amassing enormous amounts of detailed information without gaining proportional insights. Why might this be? So asks Peter Bretscher near the start of his book Rediscovering the ... ...

    Abstract The immune system may seem incredibly complex. Researchers in immunology are amassing enormous amounts of detailed information without gaining proportional insights. Why might this be? So asks Peter Bretscher near the start of his book Rediscovering the Immune System as an Integrated Organ. He argues that contemporary immunology fails to provide understanding at the level of the system because it is dominated by molecular and cellular considerations. He reminds us of a famous quotation: Not everything that counts can be counted and not everything that can be counted counts, before stating the ambitious aim of his book: to make plausible an integrated and readily accessible view of how the immune system functions. By Peter Bretscher. FriesenPress, 2016. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4602-7406-4.
    MeSH term(s) Allergy and Immunology ; Animals ; Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Immune System ; Systems Biology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120476-2
    ISSN 1365-3083 ; 0300-9475
    ISSN (online) 1365-3083
    ISSN 0300-9475
    DOI 10.1111/sji.12440
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  4. Article: Does the immune system naturally protect against cancer?

    Corthay, Alexandre

    Frontiers in immunology

    2014  Volume 5, Page(s) 197

    Abstract: The importance of the immune system in conferring protection against pathogens like viruses, bacteria, and parasitic worms is well established. In contrast, there is a long-lasting debate on whether cancer prevention is a primary function of the immune ... ...

    Abstract The importance of the immune system in conferring protection against pathogens like viruses, bacteria, and parasitic worms is well established. In contrast, there is a long-lasting debate on whether cancer prevention is a primary function of the immune system. The concept of immunological surveillance of cancer was developed by Lewis Thomas and Frank Macfarlane Burnet more than 50 years ago. We are still lacking convincing data illustrating immunological eradication of precancerous lesions in vivo. Here, I present eight types of evidence in support of the cancer immunosurveillance hypothesis. First, primary immunodeficiency in mice and humans is associated with increased cancer risk. Second, organ transplant recipients, who are treated with immunosuppressive drugs, are more prone to cancer development. Third, acquired immunodeficiency due to infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) leads to elevated risk of cancer. Fourth, the quantity and quality of the immune cell infiltrate found in human primary tumors represent an independent prognostic factor for patient survival. Fifth, cancer cells harbor mutations in protein-coding genes that are specifically recognized by the adaptive immune system. Sixth, cancer cells selectively accumulate mutations to evade immune destruction ("immunoediting"). Seventh, lymphocytes bearing the NKG2D receptor are able to recognize and eliminate stressed premalignant cells. Eighth, a promising strategy to treat cancer consists in potentiating the naturally occurring immune response of the patient, through blockade of the immune checkpoint molecules CTLA-4, PD-1, or PD-L1. Thus, there are compelling pieces of evidence that a primary function of the immune system is to confer protection against cancer.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-05-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00197
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  5. Article ; Online: Fungal polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus are agonists for Toll-like receptors and induce macrophage anti-cancer activity.

    Wold, Christian Winther / Christopoulos, Panagiotis F / Arias, Maykel A / Dzovor, Deborah Elikplim / Øynebråten, Inger / Corthay, Alexandre / Inngjerdingen, Kari Tvete

    Communications biology

    2024  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 222

    Abstract: Fungal polysaccharides can exert immunomodulating activity by triggering pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on innate immune cells such as macrophages. Here, we evaluate six polysaccharides isolated from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus for their ...

    Abstract Fungal polysaccharides can exert immunomodulating activity by triggering pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on innate immune cells such as macrophages. Here, we evaluate six polysaccharides isolated from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus for their ability to activate mouse and human macrophages. We identify two water-soluble polysaccharides, AcF1 and AcF3, being able to trigger several critical antitumor functions of macrophages. AcF1 and AcF3 activate macrophages to secrete nitric oxide and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Combined with interferon-γ, the fungal polysaccharides trigger high production of IL-12p70, a central cytokine for antitumor immunity, and induce macrophage-mediated inhibition of cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. AcF1 and AcF3 are strong agonists of the PRRs Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4, and weak agonists of Dectin-1. In comparison, two prototypical particulate β-glucans, one isolated from I. obliquus and one from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (zymosan), are agonists for Dectin-1 but not TLR2 or TLR4, and are unable to trigger anti-cancer functions of macrophages. We conclude that the water-soluble polysaccharides AcF1 and AcF3 from I. obliquus have a strong potential for cancer immunotherapy by triggering multiple PRRs and by inducing potent anti-cancer activity of macrophages.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Fungal Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Lectins, C-Type ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Macrophages ; Cytokines ; Water ; Inonotus
    Chemical Substances Fungal Polysaccharides ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Lectins, C-Type ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Cytokines ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2399-3642
    ISSN (online) 2399-3642
    DOI 10.1038/s42003-024-05853-y
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  6. Article ; Conference proceedings: Short Lecture "Water-soluble heteropolysaccharides from medicinal plants and fungi interact with toll-like receptors"

    Hoel, Håvard / Wold, Christian W. / Corthay, Alexandre / Inngjerdingen, Kari

    Planta Medica

    2023  Volume 89, Issue 14

    Event/congress 71st International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA), Trinity College Dublin Ireland, 2023-07-02
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article ; Conference proceedings
    ZDB-ID 123545-x
    ISSN 1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
    ISSN (online) 1439-0221
    ISSN 0032-0943
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1773884
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  7. Article ; Online: Tackling cancer cell dormancy: Insights from immune models, and transplantation.

    Corthay, Alexandre / Bakacs, Tibor / Thangavelu, Govindarajan / Anderson, Colin C

    Seminars in cancer biology

    2021  Volume 78, Page(s) 5–16

    Abstract: Disseminated non-dividing (dormant) cancer cells as well as those in equilibrium with the immune response remain the major challenge for successful treatment of cancer. The equilibrium between disseminated dormant cancer cells and the immune system is ... ...

    Abstract Disseminated non-dividing (dormant) cancer cells as well as those in equilibrium with the immune response remain the major challenge for successful treatment of cancer. The equilibrium between disseminated dormant cancer cells and the immune system is reminiscent of states that can occur during infection or allogeneic tissue and cell transplantation. We discuss here the major competing models of how the immune system achieves a self nonself discrimination (pathogen/danger patterns, quorum, and coinhibition/tuning models), and suggest that taking advantage of a combination of the proposed mechanisms in each model may lead to increased efficacy in tackling cancer cell dormancy.
    MeSH term(s) Disease Management ; Disease Susceptibility/immunology ; Humans ; Immune System ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/etiology ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Transplantation/adverse effects ; Transplantation/methods ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1033980-2
    ISSN 1096-3650 ; 1044-579X
    ISSN (online) 1096-3650
    ISSN 1044-579X
    DOI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.02.002
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  8. Article: Caspase activation counteracts interferon signaling after G2 checkpoint abrogation by ATR inhibition in irradiated human cancer cells.

    Eek Mariampillai, Adrian / Hauge, Sissel / Øynebråten, Inger / Rødland, Gro Elise / Corthay, Alexandre / Syljuåsen, Randi G

    Frontiers in oncology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 981332

    Abstract: Recent studies suggest that inhibition of the ATR kinase can potentiate radiation-induced antitumor immune responses, but the extent and mechanisms of such responses in human cancers remain scarcely understood. We aimed to assess whether the ATR ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies suggest that inhibition of the ATR kinase can potentiate radiation-induced antitumor immune responses, but the extent and mechanisms of such responses in human cancers remain scarcely understood. We aimed to assess whether the ATR inhibitors VE822 and AZD6738, by abrogating the G2 checkpoint, increase cGAS-mediated type I IFN response after irradiation in human lung cancer and osteosarcoma cell lines. Supporting that the checkpoint may prevent IFN induction, radiation-induced IFN signaling declined when the G2 checkpoint arrest was prolonged at high radiation doses. G2 checkpoint abrogation after co-treatment with radiation and ATR inhibitors was accompanied by increased radiation-induced IFN signaling in four out of five cell lines tested. Consistent with the hypothesis that the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS may detect DNA from ruptured micronuclei after G2 checkpoint abrogation, cGAS co-localized with micronuclei, and depletion of cGAS or STING abolished the IFN responses. Contrastingly, one lung cancer cell line showed no increase in IFN signaling despite irradiation and G2 checkpoint abrogation. This cell line showed a higher level of the exonuclease TREX1 than the other cell lines, but TREX1 depletion did not enhance IFN signaling. Rather, addition of a pan-caspase inhibitor restored the IFN response in this cell line and also increased the responses in the other cell lines. These results show that treatment-induced caspase activation can suppress the IFN response after co-treatment with radiation and ATR inhibitors. Caspase activation thus warrants further consideration as a possible predictive marker for lack of IFN signaling.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2022.981332
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  9. Article ; Online: On antigen-specific signals, immune class regulation and energetics: Report III from the workshops on foundational concepts of immune regulation.

    Anderson, Colin C / Bonney, Elizabeth A / Mueller, Thomas F / Corthay, Alexandre / Havele, Calliopi / Singh, Nevil J / Øynebråten, Inger / Bretscher, Peter A

    Scandinavian journal of immunology

    2023  Volume 98, Issue 3, Page(s) e13311

    Abstract: This is a report from a one-week workshop held in Athens, Greece in July of 2022. The workshop aimed to identify emerging concepts relevant to the fundamentals of immune regulation and areas for future research. Theories of immune regulation emphasize ... ...

    Abstract This is a report from a one-week workshop held in Athens, Greece in July of 2022. The workshop aimed to identify emerging concepts relevant to the fundamentals of immune regulation and areas for future research. Theories of immune regulation emphasize the role of T cell help or co-stimulation (signal 2). The workshop participants considered how new data on the characteristics of agonist antigens, the role of the antigen receptor signals (signal 1) in driving fate decisions, the effect of energetics on immunity and a better understanding of class-control in the immune response, may impact theories of immune regulation. These ideas were discussed in the context of tumour immunology, autoimmunity, pregnancy and transplantation. Here we present the discussions as a narrative of different viewpoints to allow the reader to join the conversation. These discussions highlight the evolving understanding of the nature of specific antigen recognition and how both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms impact immune responses.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antigens ; T-Lymphocytes ; Autoimmunity
    Chemical Substances Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120476-2
    ISSN 1365-3083 ; 0300-9475
    ISSN (online) 1365-3083
    ISSN 0300-9475
    DOI 10.1111/sji.13311
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  10. Article ; Online: How do regulatory T cells work?

    Corthay, A

    Scandinavian journal of immunology

    2009  Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 326–336

    Abstract: CD4(+) T cells are commonly divided into regulatory T (Treg) cells and conventional T helper (Th) cells. Th cells control adaptive immunity against pathogens and cancer by activating other effector immune cells. Treg cells are defined as CD4(+) T cells ... ...

    Abstract CD4(+) T cells are commonly divided into regulatory T (Treg) cells and conventional T helper (Th) cells. Th cells control adaptive immunity against pathogens and cancer by activating other effector immune cells. Treg cells are defined as CD4(+) T cells in charge of suppressing potentially deleterious activities of Th cells. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge in the Treg field and defines some key questions that remain to be answered. Suggested functions for Treg cells include: prevention of autoimmune diseases by maintaining self-tolerance; suppression of allergy, asthma and pathogen-induced immunopathology; feto-maternal tolerance; and oral tolerance. Identification of Treg cells remains problematic, because accumulating evidence suggests that all the presently-used Treg markers (CD25, CTLA-4, GITR, LAG-3, CD127 and Foxp3) represent general T-cell activation markers, rather than being truly Treg-specific. Treg-cell activation is antigen-specific, which implies that suppressive activities of Treg cells are antigen-dependent. It has been proposed that Treg cells would be self-reactive, but extensive TCR repertoire analysis suggests that self-reactivity may be the exception rather than the rule. The classification of Treg cells as a separate lineage remains controversial because the ability to suppress is not an exclusive Treg property. Suppressive activities attributed to Treg cells may in reality, at least in some experimental settings, be exerted by conventional Th cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, Th17 and T follicular (Tfh) cells. Recent reports have also demonstrated that Foxp3(+) Treg cells may differentiate in vivo into conventional effector Th cells, with or without concomitant downregulation of Foxp3.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autoimmunity/immunology ; Biomarkers ; Cell Lineage/immunology ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; FOXP3 protein, human ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Foxp3 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-09-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120476-2
    ISSN 1365-3083 ; 0300-9475
    ISSN (online) 1365-3083
    ISSN 0300-9475
    DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02308.x
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