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  1. Article ; Online: Design and Development of an Ultraviolet All-Sky Imaging System.

    Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Martin-Torres, Javier

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 17

    Abstract: All-sky cameras capture a panoramic view of the full sky from horizon to horizon to generate a wide-angle image of the observable sky. State-of-the-art all-sky imagers are limited to imaging in the visible and infrared spectrum and cannot image in the UV ...

    Abstract All-sky cameras capture a panoramic view of the full sky from horizon to horizon to generate a wide-angle image of the observable sky. State-of-the-art all-sky imagers are limited to imaging in the visible and infrared spectrum and cannot image in the UV spectrum. This article describes the development of an all-sky imaging system capable of capturing 130° wide-angle sky images from horizon to horizon in the UV-AB spectrum. The design of the UV all-sky imaging system is based on low-cost, accessible, and scalable components to develop multiple images that can be deployed over a wider geographical area. The spectral response of the camera system has been validated in the UV spectrum (280-420 nm) using a monochromatic UV beam with an average power output of 22 nW. UV all-sky imaging systems complement existing infrared and visible all-sky cameras. They have wide applications in astronomy, meteorology, atmospheric science, vulcanology, meteors and auroral monitoring, and the defence sector.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s23177343
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: An Optimized Active Sampling Procedure for Aerobiological DNA Studies.

    Basapathi Raghavendra, Jyothi / Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Zorzano, Maria-Paz / Martin-Torres, Javier

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 5

    Abstract: The Earth's atmosphere plays a critical role in transporting and dispersing biological aerosols. Nevertheless, the amount of microbial biomass in suspension in the air is so low that it is extremely difficult to monitor the changes over time in these ... ...

    Abstract The Earth's atmosphere plays a critical role in transporting and dispersing biological aerosols. Nevertheless, the amount of microbial biomass in suspension in the air is so low that it is extremely difficult to monitor the changes over time in these communities. Real-time genomic studies can provide a sensitive and rapid method for monitoring changes in the composition of bioaerosols. However, the low abundance of deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) and proteins in the atmosphere, which is of the order of the contamination produced by operators and instruments, poses a challenge for the sampling process and the analyte extraction. In this study, we designed an optimized, portable, closed bioaerosol sampler based on membrane filters using commercial off-the-shelf components, demonstrating its end-to-end operation. This sampler can operate autonomously outdoors for a prolonged time, capturing ambient bioaerosols and avoiding user contamination. We first performed a comparative analysis in a controlled environment to select the optimal active membrane filter based on its ability to capture and extract DNA. We have designed a bioaerosol chamber for this purpose and tested three commercial DNA extraction kits. The bioaerosol sampler was tested outdoors in a representative environment and run for 24 h at 150 L/min. Our methodology suggests that a 0.22-µm polyether sulfone (PES) membrane filter can recover up to 4 ng of DNA in this period, sufficient for genomic applications. This system, along with the robust extraction protocol, can be automated for continuous environmental monitoring to gain insights into the time evolution of microbial communities within the air.
    MeSH term(s) DNA/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Aerosols/analysis ; Aerosols/chemistry
    Chemical Substances DNA (9007-49-2) ; Aerosols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s23052836
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Space Environmental Chamber for Planetary Studies.

    Vakkada Ramachandran, Abhilash / Nazarious, Miracle Israel / Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Zorzano, María-Paz / Martín-Torres, Javier

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 14

    Abstract: We describe a versatile simulation chamber that operates under representative space conditions (pressures from < ... ...

    Abstract We describe a versatile simulation chamber that operates under representative space conditions (pressures from < 10
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s20143996
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Pressure Optimized PowEred Respirator (PROPER): A miniaturized wearable cleanroom and biosafety system for aerially transmitted viral infections such as COVID-19.

    Nazarious, Miracle Israel / Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Zorzano, Maria-Paz / Martin-Torres, Javier

    HardwareX

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) e00144

    Abstract: The supply of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in hospitals to keep the Health Care Professionals (HCP) safe taking care of patients may be limited, especially during the outbreak of a new disease. In particular, the face and body protective equipment ...

    Abstract The supply of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in hospitals to keep the Health Care Professionals (HCP) safe taking care of patients may be limited, especially during the outbreak of a new disease. In particular, the face and body protective equipment is critical to prevent the wearer from exposure to pathogenic biological airborne particulates. This situation has been now observed worldwide during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. As concern over shortages of PPE at hospitals grows, we share with the public and makers' community the Pressure Optimized PowEred Respirator (PROPER) equipment, made out of COTS components. It is functionally equivalent to a Powered Air Purifying Respirator (PAPR). PROPER, a hood-based system which uses open source and easily accessible components is low-cost, relatively passive in terms of energy consumption and mechanisms, and easy and fast to 3D print, build and assemble. We have adapted our experience on building clean room environments and qualifying the bioburden of space instruments to this solution, which is in essence a miniaturized, personal, wearable cleanroom. PROPER would be able to offer better protection than an N95 respirator mask, mainly because it is insensitive to seal fit and it shields the eyes as well. The PROPER SMS fabric is designed for single-use and not intended for reuse, as they may start to tear and fail but the rest of the parts can be disinfected and reused. We provide a set of guidelines to build a low-cost 3D printed solution for an effective PAPR system and describe the procedures to validate it to comply with the biosafety level 3 requirements. We have validated the prototype of PROPER unit for air flow, ISO class cleanliness level, oxygen and carbon-dioxide gas concentrations during exhalation, and present here these results for illustration. We demonstrate that the area inside the hood is more than 200 times cleaner than the external ambient without the operator and more than 175 times with the operator and in an aerosol exposed environment. We also include the procedure to clean and disinfect the equipment for reuse. PROPER may be a useful addition to provide protection to HCPs against the SARS-CoV-2 virus or other potential future viral diseases that are transmitted aerially.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0672
    ISSN 2468-0672
    DOI 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00144
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: PACKMAN – A portable instrument to investigate space weather

    Thasshwin Mathanlal / Abhilash Vakkada Ramachandran / Maria-Paz Zorzano / Javier Martin-Torres

    HardwareX, Vol 9, Iss , Pp e00169- (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: PACKMAN (PArticle Counter k-index Magnetic ANomaly) is an autonomous, light and robust space weather instrument for operation within the subsurface, surface and atmosphere (as payload in stratospheric balloons) of the Earth. It has been designed using ... ...

    Abstract PACKMAN (PArticle Counter k-index Magnetic ANomaly) is an autonomous, light and robust space weather instrument for operation within the subsurface, surface and atmosphere (as payload in stratospheric balloons) of the Earth. It has been designed using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components to reduce the cost of each unit and to allow to have multiple units monitoring simultaneously at different sites and also incorporate an open-access citizen science approach. The hardware-core of each PACKMAN units, weights around 600 g and consumes about 500 mA of current at 12 V. PACKMAN has been deployed at multiple latitudes and altitudes ranging from stratospheric heights (corroborating its TRL8 maturity) to subsurface depths of around 1 km. The data from PACKMAN have been compared with the state-of-the-art ground-based observatories, and satellites and scientific observations have been documented. A 3-D network of PACKMAN units operating continuously around the globe, from the subsurface to the stratosphere, would help to improve the understanding of the space weather phenomena, and its implications on the climate and infrastructures. PACKMAN is also an excellent tool for education and outreach. This article outlines the building instructions of two types of PACKMAN units: PACKMAN-S for ground-based measurements and PACKMAN-B for stratospheric measurements aboard high-altitude balloons.
    Keywords Space weather ; Radiation ; COTS ; Open-source ; Magnetic anomaly ; Earth observation ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Pressure Optimized PowEred Respirator (PROPER)

    Nazarious, Miracle Israel / Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Zorzano, Maria-Paz / Martin-Torres, Javier

    HardwareX

    A miniaturized wearable cleanroom and biosafety system for aerially transmitted viral infections such as COVID-19

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) e00144

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2468-0672
    DOI 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00144
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: ATMO-vent: An adapted breathing atmosphere for COVID-19 patients.

    Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Israel Nazarious, Miracle / Mantas-Nakhai, Roberto / Zorzano, Maria-Paz / Martin-Torres, Javier

    HardwareX

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) e00145

    Abstract: The ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been one of the most significant challenges to humankind in centuries. The extremely contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put forth an immense pressure on the health ... ...

    Abstract The ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been one of the most significant challenges to humankind in centuries. The extremely contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put forth an immense pressure on the health sector. In order to mitigate the stress on the healthcare systems especially to battle the crisis of mechanical ventilators, we have designed a modular, and robust DIY ventilator, ATMO-Vent (Atmospheric Mixture Optimization Ventilator) which can be fully mounted within two days by two operators. The ATMO-Vent has been designed using low-cost, robust, Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components, with many features comparable to a full-fledged ventilator. ATMO-Vent has been designed based on the United Kingdom Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK-MHRA) guidelines for Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (RMVS), yet is scalable to the specific requirements of different countries. ATMO-Vent is capable of adjusting the Fraction of Inspiratory Oxygen (FiO
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0672
    ISSN 2468-0672
    DOI 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00145
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: PACKMAN - A portable instrument to investigate space weather.

    Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Vakkada Ramachandran, Abhilash / Zorzano, Maria-Paz / Martin-Torres, Javier

    HardwareX

    2020  Volume 9, Page(s) e00169

    Abstract: PACKMAN (PArticle Counter k-index Magnetic ANomaly) is an autonomous, light and robust space weather instrument for operation within the subsurface, surface and atmosphere (as payload in stratospheric balloons) of the Earth. It has been designed using ... ...

    Abstract PACKMAN (PArticle Counter k-index Magnetic ANomaly) is an autonomous, light and robust space weather instrument for operation within the subsurface, surface and atmosphere (as payload in stratospheric balloons) of the Earth. It has been designed using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components to reduce the cost of each unit and to allow to have multiple units monitoring simultaneously at different sites and also incorporate an open-access citizen science approach. The hardware-core of each PACKMAN units, weights around 600 g and consumes about 500 mA of current at 12 V. PACKMAN has been deployed at multiple latitudes and altitudes ranging from stratospheric heights (corroborating its TRL8 maturity) to subsurface depths of around 1 km. The data from PACKMAN have been compared with the state-of-the-art ground-based observatories, and satellites and scientific observations have been documented. A 3-D network of PACKMAN units operating continuously around the globe, from the subsurface to the stratosphere, would help to improve the understanding of the space weather phenomena, and its implications on the climate and infrastructures. PACKMAN is also an excellent tool for education and outreach. This article outlines the building instructions of two types of PACKMAN units: PACKMAN-S for ground-based measurements and PACKMAN-B for stratospheric measurements aboard high-altitude balloons.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0672
    ISSN (online) 2468-0672
    DOI 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00169
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: ATMO-vent

    Mathanlal, Thasshwin / Israel Nazarious, Miracle / Mantas-Nakhai, Roberto / Zorzano, Maria-Paz / Martin-Torres, Javier

    HardwareX

    An adapted breathing atmosphere for COVID-19 patients

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) e00145

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2468-0672
    DOI 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00145
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: ATMO-vent

    Thasshwin Mathanlal / Miracle Israel Nazarious / Roberto Mantas-Nakhai / Maria-Paz Zorzano / Javier Martin-Torres

    HardwareX, Vol 8, Iss , Pp e00145- (2020)

    An adapted breathing atmosphere for COVID-19 patients

    2020  

    Abstract: The ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been one of the most significant challenges to humankind in centuries. The extremely contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put forth an immense pressure on the health ... ...

    Abstract The ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been one of the most significant challenges to humankind in centuries. The extremely contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put forth an immense pressure on the health sector. In order to mitigate the stress on the healthcare systems especially to battle the crisis of mechanical ventilators, we have designed a modular, and robust DIY ventilator, ATMO-Vent (Atmospheric Mixture Optimization Ventilator) which can be fully mounted within two days by two operators. The ATMO-Vent has been designed using low-cost, robust, Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components, with many features comparable to a full-fledged ventilator. ATMO-Vent has been designed based on the United Kingdom Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK-MHRA) guidelines for Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (RMVS), yet is scalable to the specific requirements of different countries. ATMO-Vent is capable of adjusting the Fraction of Inspiratory Oxygen (FiO2) levels, Tidal Volume (TV), frequency of breaths, Inspiratory/Expiratory ratio (I/E), Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP) and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP). ATMO-Vent can operate in two modes – Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) using Volume-Controlled Ventilation (VCV) and in Assisted Control (AC) mode with pressure triggered by the patient. ATMO-Vent has undergone rigorous testing and qualifies under Class B Electric and Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements of EN 55,011 CISPR 11 standards.
    Keywords Mechanical ventilator ; Air-oxygen mixing ; Low-cost ; Rapid development time ; Commercial off the shelf ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 600
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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