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  1. Article ; Online: Characteristics of older unpaid carers in England: a study of social patterning from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

    Davies, Laurie E / Spiers, Gemma F / Sinclair, David R / Kingston, Andrew / Hanratty, Barbara

    Age and ageing

    2024  Volume 53, Issue 3

    Abstract: ... to experience loneliness (OR 2.29 [95% CI 1.42-3.69]), dependency (i.e. the need for help ...

    Abstract Background: A growing number of older people provide unpaid care, but contemporary research evidence on this group is limited.
    Aim: This study aims to describe the characteristics of older people who provide unpaid care and how these vary by socioeconomic position.
    Methods: Using recent information from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA wave 9, 2019), we analysed cross-sectional data on 1,282 unpaid carers aged ≥50. Data on sociodemographics, health, social wellbeing, care intensity and caregiver-recipient relationships were extracted. Total net non-pension wealth quintiles were used as a relative measure of socioeconomic position. Differences between the poorest and richest wealth quintiles were examined through logistic regression.
    Findings: Most older carers in ELSA were female and looking after another older person. Poor mental and physical health and social isolation were common, and socially patterned. Compared with carers in the middle wealth group, the poorest group were more likely to be living with the person they cared for (odds ratio (OR) 1.56 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-2.36]) and more likely to experience loneliness (OR 2.29 [95% CI 1.42-3.69]), dependency (i.e. the need for help with activities of daily living) (OR 1.62 [95% CI 1.05-2.51]), chronic pain (OR 1.81 [95% CI 1.23-2.67]), a higher number of diseases (OR 1.75 [95% CI 1.15-2.65]) and fair/poor self-rated health (OR 2.59 [95% CI 1.79-3.76]). The poorest carers were also less likely to have a high quality of life (OR 0.51 [95% CI 0.33-0.80]) or be in work (OR 0.33 [95% CI 0.19-0.59]).
    Conclusion: Our findings suggest that financially disadvantaged unpaid carers (and their households) may have the greatest needs for intervention and support. Focussing resources on this group has potential to address social inequalities.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Activities of Daily Living ; Aging ; Caregivers ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Longitudinal Studies ; Quality of Life ; Middle Aged
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 186788-x
    ISSN 1468-2834 ; 0002-0729
    ISSN (online) 1468-2834
    ISSN 0002-0729
    DOI 10.1093/ageing/afae049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Modularity of PRC1 composition and chromatin interaction define condensate properties.

    Niekamp, Stefan / Marr, Sharon K / Oei, Theresa A / Subramanian, Radhika / Kingston, Robert E

    Molecular cell

    2024  

    Abstract: Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) play a key role in gene repression and are indispensable for proper development. Canonical PRC1 forms condensates in vitro and in cells that are proposed to contribute to the maintenance of repression. However, how ... ...

    Abstract Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) play a key role in gene repression and are indispensable for proper development. Canonical PRC1 forms condensates in vitro and in cells that are proposed to contribute to the maintenance of repression. However, how chromatin and the various subunits of PRC1 contribute to condensation is largely unexplored. Using a reconstitution approach and single-molecule imaging, we demonstrate that nucleosomal arrays and PRC1 act synergistically, reducing the critical concentration required for condensation by more than 20-fold. We find that the exact combination of PHC and CBX subunits determines condensate initiation, morphology, stability, and dynamics. Particularly, PHC2's polymerization activity influences condensate dynamics by promoting the formation of distinct domains that adhere to each other but do not coalesce. Live-cell imaging confirms CBX's role in condensate initiation and highlights PHC's importance for condensate stability. We propose that PRC1 composition can modulate condensate properties, providing crucial regulatory flexibility across developmental stages.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1415236-8
    ISSN 1097-4164 ; 1097-2765
    ISSN (online) 1097-4164
    ISSN 1097-2765
    DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.03.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Ruminant Salivary Microbes: Passenger or Player in the Rumen?

    Edwards, Joan E / Kim, Eun Joong / Davies, David R / Hanafy, Radwa / Kingston-Smith, Alison H

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 10

    Abstract: Sampling of ruminant saliva has gained interest as a non-invasive proxy for exploring the structure of the rumen microbiome. However, the subsequent data analysis assumes that bacteria originating from the oral cavity are merely passengers in the rumen ... ...

    Abstract Sampling of ruminant saliva has gained interest as a non-invasive proxy for exploring the structure of the rumen microbiome. However, the subsequent data analysis assumes that bacteria originating from the oral cavity are merely passengers in the rumen and play no active role. In this study, it was hypothesised that metabolically active oral bacteria present in the salivary microbiome play a role in the ruminal degradation of plant material. In vitro cultivation-based enumeration confirmed that the ruminant oral cavity harbours a significant number of anaerobic and cellulolytic bacteria that are metabolically active under ruminal conditions. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling of in vitro enrichments also confirmed that oral-derived bacteria were capable of colonising plant material. Preliminary analysis of the colonising bacteria indicated that bacteria belonging to the genus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11102390
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Orgasm Frequency (Total Sexual Outlet) in a National American Sample.

    Peters, Joshua R / Pullman, Lesleigh E / Kingston, Drew A / Lalumière, Martin L

    Archives of sexual behavior

    2022  Volume 51, Issue 3, Page(s) 1447–1460

    Abstract: ... by excessive sexuality. Researchers and clinicians have often utilized orgasm frequency (e.g., total sexual ... of the questions (i.e., time frame). A total of 1029 participants were recruited online via a Qualtrics panel ...

    Abstract There has been renewed interest in the conceptualization and diagnosis of conditions marked by excessive sexuality. Researchers and clinicians have often utilized orgasm frequency (e.g., total sexual outlet) as an indicator of hypersexuality. Indeed, some have proposed seven or more (7+) orgasms by any means in a typical week as indicating hypersexuality. Most studies utilizing this criterion, however, have examined clinical or judicial samples of men, as opposed to general population samples. The purpose of the current study was to provide representative population data of total sexual outlet (TSO) for people varying in age, relationship status, and sex, while also examining the impact of the phrasing of the questions (i.e., time frame). A total of 1029 participants were recruited online via a Qualtrics panel, consisting of 442 males and 587 females, from diverse regions across the USA. Results indicated that between 10.3 and 16.7% of the sample met the 7+  criterion for hypersexuality, with considerable variation by age, relationship status, sex, and less variation by wording of the question. Results are discussed in terms of the applicability of the 7+ cut-off for identifying elevated TSO. Results from this survey could be useful to researchers and clinicians looking for comparison data for their research and clinical assessment results.
    MeSH term(s) Compulsive Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orgasm ; Paraphilic Disorders ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 184221-3
    ISSN 1573-2800 ; 0004-0002
    ISSN (online) 1573-2800
    ISSN 0004-0002
    DOI 10.1007/s10508-021-02241-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Is polypharmacy associated with difficulty taking medicines in people aged ≥85 living at home? Findings from the Newcastle 85+ Study.

    Davies, Laurie E / Todd, Adam / Sinclair, David R / Robinson, Louise / Kingston, Andrew

    British journal of clinical pharmacology

    2023  Volume 89, Issue 10, Page(s) 3217–3227

    Abstract: It is unclear whether polypharmacy is associated with difficulty taking medications amongst people aged ≥85 living at home. This is despite the projected decline in availability of family carers, who may support independent living. Using Newcastle 85+ ... ...

    Abstract It is unclear whether polypharmacy is associated with difficulty taking medications amongst people aged ≥85 living at home. This is despite the projected decline in availability of family carers, who may support independent living. Using Newcastle 85+ Study data and mixed-effects modelling, we investigated the association between polypharmacy and difficulty taking medications amongst 85-year-olds living at home, over a 10-year time period. Polypharmacy was not associated with difficulty taking medications as either a continuous (OR = 0.99 [0.91-1.08]) or categorical variable (5-9 medications, OR = 0.69 [0.34-1.41]; ≥10 medications, OR = 0.85 [0.34-2.07]). The significant predictors included disability, visual impairment and cognitive impairment. Our results suggest that people aged ≥85 living at home with disability, visual impairment and/or cognitive impairment will have difficulty taking their medications, regardless of how many they are prescribed. Therefore, healthcare professionals should routinely ask about, assess and address problems that these patient groups may have with taking their medicines, independent of the number of drugs taken.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Independent Living ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Polypharmacy ; Health Personnel ; Vision Disorders
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 188974-6
    ISSN 1365-2125 ; 0306-5251 ; 0264-3774
    ISSN (online) 1365-2125
    ISSN 0306-5251 ; 0264-3774
    DOI 10.1111/bcp.15858
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Measuring Paranoid Beliefs in Adolescents: A Comparison of the Revised-Green et al.'s Paranoid Thoughts Scale (R-GPTS) and the Bird Checklist of Adolescent Paranoia (B-CAP).

    Schlier, B / Ellett, L / Thompson, E / Gaudiano, B / Krkovic, K / Kingston, J L

    Research on child and adolescent psychopathology

    2024  

    Abstract: ... Paranoid Thoughts Scale (R-GPTS) and the Bird Checklist for Adolescent Paranoia (B-CAP). We assessed factor ... However, a substantial percentage of participants were identified as having paranoid beliefs according to the R-GPTS ... but not the B-CAP. Furthermore, the B-CAP showed a very high correlations (0.69 ≤ r ≤ 0.79 ...

    Abstract Research on paranoid beliefs in adolescents is in its infancy. Valid and reliable assessments are essential to advancing the field, yet there is no current consensus as to which are optimal to use in this population. This study compared the psychometric properties of two measures of paranoia in a general population adolescent sample. A cross-sectional study with quota sampling (gender and age) recruited adolescents (14-17 years) from the UK (n = 262) and USA (n = 200), who completed the Revised Green et al. Paranoid Thoughts Scale (R-GPTS) and the Bird Checklist for Adolescent Paranoia (B-CAP). We assessed factor structures, intercorrelations, overlap of participants identified as at-risk for paranoid thoughts via both scales, convergent validity (scales with one another) and discriminant validity (distress, wellbeing, bullying and discrimination). Both scales performed equally well in terms of factorial validity. Intercorrelations between the subscales and with general distress were high for both measures. However, a substantial percentage of participants were identified as having paranoid beliefs according to the R-GPTS but not the B-CAP. Furthermore, the B-CAP showed a very high correlations (0.69 ≤ r ≤ 0.79) with self-reported bullying experiences, which bordered on multicollinearity. Findings highlight the possibility that B-CAP may risk confounding paranoid beliefs with exposure to bullying more so than R-GPTS, and that B-CAP may miss instances of elevated paranoia that are captured by the R-GPTS. Future research needs to further explore this by validating both scales with an external (e.g., interview-based) criterion for paranoia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3041907-4
    ISSN 2730-7174 ; 2730-7166
    ISSN (online) 2730-7174
    ISSN 2730-7166
    DOI 10.1007/s10802-024-01187-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Depression screening for psoriasis in the United States: A population-based study.

    Huang, Margaret Y / Kingston, Paige / Peterson, Hannah / Yee, Danielle / Lee, Kathryn / Korouri, Edwin / Agüero, Rosario / Armstrong, April W

    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1128828-0
    ISSN 1468-3083 ; 0926-9959
    ISSN (online) 1468-3083
    ISSN 0926-9959
    DOI 10.1111/jdv.19849
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Hidradenitis Suppurativa Discussed on TikTok: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

    Peterson, Hannah / Kingston, Paige / Lee, Kathryn / Yee, Danielle / Huang, Margaret Y / Korouri, Edwin / Aguero, Rosario / Armstrong, April W

    Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) e93–e96

    Abstract: Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful, chronic inflammatory skin disease that negatively affects patient quality of life, and conventional treatments are variably effective. As a result, patients often turn to complementary and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful, chronic inflammatory skin disease that negatively affects patient quality of life, and conventional treatments are variably effective. As a result, patients often turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for pain relief. Social media enables HS patients to share treatment recommendations. TikTok is a popular social media platform, but little is known about the HS treatments discussed in TikTok videos.  Objective: To evaluate the content and quality of information on TikTok regarding CAM HS therapies.  Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted by performing a search in TikTok using the terms #hidradenitissuppurativa, #hswarrior, #naturalremedy, #complementarymedicine, #alternativemedicine, and #HStreatment. Two independent reviewers evaluated video quality using the DISCERN and AVA instruments. Linear regressions compared the engagement, DISCERN, and AVA scores among different uploader types.
    Results: In total, 91 TikTok videos were analyzed. Videos were uploaded by non-physicians (82.4), dermatologists (6.6%), and private companies (11.0%). The average DISCERN and AVA scores were 36.2 and 1.6, respectively (poor quality). Common CAM therapies were natural salves, turmeric, Epsom salts, elimination diets, and zinc supplements. Physician-uploaded videos were of significantly higher quality than videos by other uploader types, with an average DISCERN and AVA score of 44.3 (P<0.009) and 2.6 (P<0.001), respectively (fair quality).
    Conclusion: TikTok videos were poor quality (low DISCERN and AVA scores); physician-uploaded videos were fair quality. Dermatologists can improve video quality by adequately discussing the supporting evidence, mechanisms of action, and remaining questions for HS treatments.  J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(3):e93-96. doi:10.36849/JDD.7738e.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hidradenitis Suppurativa/diagnosis ; Hidradenitis Suppurativa/therapy ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Quality of Life ; Social Media ; Complementary Therapies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2145090-0
    ISSN 1545-9616
    ISSN 1545-9616
    DOI 10.36849/jdd.7738
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Modularity of PRC1 Composition and Chromatin Interaction define Condensate Properties.

    Niekamp, Stefan / Marr, Sharon K / Oei, Theresa A / Subramanian, Radhika / Kingston, Robert E

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Polycomb repressive complexes (PRC) play a key role in gene repression and are indispensable for proper development. Canonical PRC1 forms ... ...

    Abstract Polycomb repressive complexes (PRC) play a key role in gene repression and are indispensable for proper development. Canonical PRC1 forms condensates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.10.26.564217
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Cell type-specific role of CBX2 and its disordered region in spermatogenesis.

    Kim, Jongmin J / Steinson, Emma R / Lau, Mei Sheng / de Rooij, Dirk G / Page, David C / Kingston, Robert E

    Genes & development

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 13-14, Page(s) 640–660

    Abstract: Polycomb group (PcG) proteins maintain the repressed state of lineage-inappropriate genes and are therefore essential for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. One critical function of PcG complexes is modulating chromatin structure. ... ...

    Abstract Polycomb group (PcG) proteins maintain the repressed state of lineage-inappropriate genes and are therefore essential for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. One critical function of PcG complexes is modulating chromatin structure. Canonical Polycomb repressive complex 1 (cPRC1), particularly its component CBX2, can compact chromatin and phase-separate in vitro. These activities are hypothesized to be critical for forming a repressed physical environment in cells. While much has been learned by studying these PcG activities in cell culture models, it is largely unexplored how cPRC1 regulates adult stem cells and their subsequent differentiation in living animals. Here, we show in vivo evidence of a critical nonenzymatic repressive function of cPRC1 component CBX2 in the male germline. CBX2 is up-regulated as spermatogonial stem cells differentiate and is required to repress genes that were active in stem cells. CBX2 forms condensates (similar to previously described Polycomb bodies) that colocalize with target genes bound by CBX2 in differentiating spermatogonia. Single-cell analyses of mosaic
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Male ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1/genetics ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1/metabolism ; Polycomb-Group Proteins/genetics ; Polycomb-Group Proteins/metabolism ; Spermatogenesis/genetics
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Polycomb-Group Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 806684-x
    ISSN 1549-5477 ; 0890-9369
    ISSN (online) 1549-5477
    ISSN 0890-9369
    DOI 10.1101/gad.350393.122
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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