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  1. Article ; Online: Bacteriophage therapy in humans.

    Nir-Paz, Ran / Kuijper, Ed J

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 6, Page(s) 679–681

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Phage Therapy ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacteriophages
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.03.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Compassionate Use of Bacteriophages for Failed Persistent Infections During the First 5 Years of the Israeli Phage Therapy Center.

    Onallah, Hadil / Hazan, Ronen / Nir-Paz, Ran

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) ofad221

    Abstract: The use of bacteriophages (phages) is reemerging as a potential treatment option for antibiotic-resistant or nonresolving bacterial infections. Phages are bacteria-specific viruses that may serve as a personalized therapeutic option with minimal ... ...

    Abstract The use of bacteriophages (phages) is reemerging as a potential treatment option for antibiotic-resistant or nonresolving bacterial infections. Phages are bacteria-specific viruses that may serve as a personalized therapeutic option with minimal collateral damage to the patient or the microbiome. In 2018 we established the Israeli Phage Therapy Center (IPTC) as a shared initiative of the Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, aiming to conduct all of the steps required for phage-based solutions, from phage isolation and characterization to treatments, for nonresolving bacterial infections. So far, a total of 159 requests for phage therapy arrived to the IPTC; 145 of them were from Israel and the rest from other countries. This number of registered requests is growing annually. Multidrug-resistant bacteria accounted for 38% of all phage requests. Respiratory and bone infections were the most prevalent among clinical indications and accounted for 51% of the requests. To date, 20 phage therapy courses were given to 18 patients by the IPTC. In 77.7% (n = 14) of the cases, a favorable clinical outcome of infection remission or recovery was seen. Clearly, establishing an Israeli phage center has led to an increased demand for compassionate use of phages with favorable outcomes for many previously failed infections. As clinical trials are still lacking, publishing patient data from cohort studies is pertinent to establish clinical indications, protocols, and success and failure rates. Last, workflow processes and bottlenecks should be shared to enable faster availability and authorization of phages for clinical use.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofad221
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: Mycoplasma pneumoniae Clinical Manifestations, Microbiology, and Immunology

    Rossum, Annemarie Van / Shimizu, Takashi / Saraya, Takeshi / Nir-Paz, Ran / Bebear, Cecile

    2017  

    Abstract: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) is a major human pathogen that causes both upper and lower respiratory infections, and is one of the leading causes of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), accounting for 11-15% of CAP throughout the world. Additionally it is ... ...

    Abstract Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) is a major human pathogen that causes both upper and lower respiratory infections, and is one of the leading causes of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), accounting for 11-15% of CAP throughout the world. Additionally it is known to induce an inflammatory process which depends on several mechanisms such as virulence of Mp (lipoproteins, community acquired respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) toxin, oxidative products) and host defenses (cellular immunity and humoral immunity). Although it is a common pathogen, the pathogenesis for Mp infections is not yet fully understood. From the clinical point of view, since the pioneer studies in the 1960s and 1970s on the clinical presentation of Mp associated disease, the diagnostics approaches have changed dramatically leading to a better understanding of the clinical presentation and new issues have emerged - such as antibiotics resistance. The purpose of this Frontiers ebook is to thoroughly review and discuss the clinical presentation in view of the improved diagnostics, microbiological and immunological analysis of Mp infections, with focus on the history of Mp, clinical features of disease, bacterial structure of Mp and mechanism of gliding, clinical and laboratory diagnostics, the role of lipoproteins and Toll-like receptor, CARDS toxin, subtyping of Mp isolates and genome analysis, macrolide resistance and treatment
    Keywords Science (General) ; Microbiology ; Medicine (General)
    Size 1 electronic resource (175 p.)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020097492
    ISBN 9782889453627 ; 2889453626
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  4. Article: Membrane stripping in group B streptococcus carriers does not impede adequate intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis: a retrospective study.

    Kabiri, Doron / Paltiel, Ora / Ofek-Shlomai, Noa / Nir-Paz, Ran / Sompolinsky, Yishai / Ezra, Yossef

    Frontiers in medicine

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) 1368998

    Abstract: Objective: Membrane stripping in group B streptococcus (GBS) carriers poses an increased risk of inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis, potentially due to accelerated labor, thereby potentially impacting the management of GBS colonization during delivery. ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Membrane stripping in group B streptococcus (GBS) carriers poses an increased risk of inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis, potentially due to accelerated labor, thereby potentially impacting the management of GBS colonization during delivery. We compared the adequacy of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis between pregnant women colonized with GBS, who underwent membrane stripping and those who did not. The study aimed to determine whether the performance of membrane stripping, by potentially shortening labor duration, increases the risk of inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis dispensation.
    Study design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on GBS screen-positive women with a full-term singleton pregnancy in cephalic presentation, who were eligible for vaginal delivery. The exposed group consisted of women who underwent membrane stripping, while the unexposed group consisted of women who did not undergo membrane stripping. The primary outcome was defined as inadequate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis during labor, wherein less than 4 h of beta-lactam antibiotics were administered prior to delivery. Neonatal outcome was compared between the groups.
    Results: This retrospective cohort study comprised 1,609 women, with 129 in the exposed group (stripping group) and 1,480 in the unexposed group (no stripping group). Adequate intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis was received by 64.3% (83/129) of the exposed group, compared to 46.9% (694/1,480) of the unexposed group (
    Conclusion: The provision of membrane stripping did not impede adequate intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis and was correlated with a higher rate of sufficient prophylaxis in comparison to non-swept patients. These observations suggest that membrane stripping can be considered a safe option for ensuring adequate antibiotic prophylaxis in women colonized with GBS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2024.1368998
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Phages and phage-borne enzymes as new antibacterial agents.

    McCallin, Shawna / Drulis-Kawa, Zuzanna / Ferry, Tristan / Pirnay, Jean-Paul / Nir-Paz, Ran

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Persistent and resistant infections caused by bacteria are increasing in numbers and pose a treatment challenge to the medical community and public health. However, solutions with new agents that will enable effective treatment are lacking ... ...

    Abstract Background: Persistent and resistant infections caused by bacteria are increasing in numbers and pose a treatment challenge to the medical community and public health. However, solutions with new agents that will enable effective treatment are lacking or delayed by complex development and authorizations. Bacteriophages are known as a possible solution for invasive infections for decades but were seldom used in the Western world.
    Objectives: To provide an overview of the current status and emerging use of bacteriophage therapy and phage-based products, as well as touch on the socioeconomic and regulatory issues surrounding their development.
    Sources: Peer-reviewed articles and authors' first-hand experience.
    Content: Although phage therapy is making a comeback since its early discovery, there are many hurdles to its current use. The lack of appropriate standardized bacterial susceptibility testing; lack of a simple business model and authorization for the need of many phages to treat a single species infection; and the lack of knowledge on predictable outcome measures are just a few examples. In this review, we explore the possible routes for phage use, either based on local specialty centres or by industry; the current status of phage therapy, which is mainly based on single-centre or single-bacterial cohorts, and emerging clinical trials; local country-level frameworks for phage utilization even without full authorization; and the use of phage-derived products as alternatives to antibiotics. We also explore what may be the current indications based on the possible availability of phages.
    Implications: Although phages are emerging as a potential treatment for non-resolving and life-threatening infections, the models for their use and production still need to be defined by the medical community, regulatory bodies, and industry. Bacteriophages may have a great potential for infection treatment but many aspects still need to be defined before their routine use in the clinic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Mycoplasma pneumoniae beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: where is it?

    Sauteur, Patrick M Meyer / Chalker, Victoria J / Berger, Christoph / Nir-Paz, Ran / Beeton, Michael L

    The Lancet. Microbe

    2022  Volume 3, Issue 12, Page(s) e897

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Bacterial
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ISSN 2666-5247
    ISSN (online) 2666-5247
    DOI 10.1016/S2666-5247(22)00190-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness among Health Care Workers.

    Benenson, Shmuel / Oster, Yonatan / Cohen, Matan J / Nir-Paz, Ran

    The New England journal of medicine

    2021  Volume 384, Issue 18, Page(s) 1775–1777

    MeSH term(s) BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology ; mRNA Vaccines
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc2101951
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Are Healthcare Workers Infected with SARS-CoV-2 at Home or at Work? A Comparative Prevalence Study.

    Zahran, Shadi / Nir-Paz, Ran / Paltiel, Ora / Stein-Zamir, Chen / Oster, Yonatan

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 19

    Abstract: Prior to the widespread use of vaccinations, healthcare workers (HCWs) faced the double burden of caring for unprecedented numbers of critically ill COVID-19 patients while also facing the risk of becoming infected themselves either in healthcare ... ...

    Abstract Prior to the widespread use of vaccinations, healthcare workers (HCWs) faced the double burden of caring for unprecedented numbers of critically ill COVID-19 patients while also facing the risk of becoming infected themselves either in healthcare facilities or at home. In order to assess whether SARS-CoV-2-positivity rates in HCWs reflected or differed from those in their residential areas, we compared the SARS-CoV-2-positivity rates during 2020 among HCWs in Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Centers (HHUMC), a tertiary medical center in Jerusalem, Israel, to those of the general population in Jerusalem, stratified by neighborhood. Additionally, we compared the demographic and professional parameters in every group. Four percent of the adult population (>18 years) in Jerusalem tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during 2020 (24,529/605,426) compared to 7.1% of HHUMC HCWs (317/4470), rate ratio 1.75 (95% CI 1.57-1.95), with wide variability (range 0.38-25.0) among different neighborhoods. Of the 30 neighborhoods with more than 50 infected HCWs, 25 showed a higher positivity rate for HCWs compared to the general population. The higher risk of HCWs compared to residents representing the general population in most neighborhoods in Jerusalem may be explained by their behavior in and out of the hospital.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Prevalence ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph191912951
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The effect of a third BNT162b2 vaccine on breakthrough infections in health care workers: a cohort analysis.

    Oster, Yonatan / Benenson, Shmuel / Nir-Paz, Ran / Buda, Inon / Cohen, Matan J

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 735.e1–735.e3

    Abstract: Objectives: In August 2021, 6 months after mass vaccination of the Israeli population with the two-dose BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, a surge of coronavirus disease 2019 infections, mostly from the delta variant, appeared also among the vaccinated. In response, ...

    Abstract Objectives: In August 2021, 6 months after mass vaccination of the Israeli population with the two-dose BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, a surge of coronavirus disease 2019 infections, mostly from the delta variant, appeared also among the vaccinated. In response, the Israeli Ministry of Health initiated a booster (third dose) vaccination program. We assessed the protective effect of the third dose among health care workers (HCWs).
    Methods: Infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are monitored systematically among HCWs at the Hadassah tertiary care medical centre in Jerusalem, Israel. In this cohort, we included breakthrough infections, defined as those occurring >180 days since the second vaccine dose. The follow-up period lasted 120 days. We compared infection rates between HCWs who received the booster dose and those who received only the two-dose regimen.
    Results: The rate of breakthrough infections among HCWs who received only the two-dose regimen was 21.4% (85 of 398). The rate in the boosted group was 0.7% (35/4973; relative risk 30, 95% CI 20-50). Those results were seen in all age groups.
    Discussion: The significantly lower rate of breakthrough infections in boosted HCWs indicates substantial protection by a third vaccine dose.
    MeSH term(s) BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Cohort Studies ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.01.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Viral and Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Israel.

    Oster, Yonatan / Abu Ahmad, Wiessam / Michael-Gayego, Ayelet / Rivkin, Mila / Levinzon, Leonid / Wolf, Dana / Nir-Paz, Ran / Elinav, Hila

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: previous worldwide reports indicated a substantial short-term reduction in various respiratory infections during the early phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.: Aims: exploring the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on respiratory ... ...

    Abstract Background: previous worldwide reports indicated a substantial short-term reduction in various respiratory infections during the early phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
    Aims: exploring the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on respiratory pathogens.
    Methods: retrospective analysis of bacterial and viral positivity rate in respiratory samples, between 1 January 2017-30 June 2022 in a tertiary hospital in Jerusalem, Israel.
    Results: A decline in overall respiratory tests and positivity rate was observed in the first months of the pandemic. Respiratory isolations of
    Conclusions: After an immediate decline in non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections, each pathogen has a different pattern during a 2-year follow-up. These patterns might be influenced by intrinsic factors of each pathogen and different risk reduction behaviors of the population. Since some of these measures will remain in the following years, we cannot predict the timing of return to pre-COVID-19 normalcy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11010166
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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