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Article ; Online: Yin Yang 1 Suppresses Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac Fibrosis Through Regulation of

Tan, Chia Yee / Wong, Jing Xuan / Chan, Pui Shi / Tan, Hansen / Liao, Dan / Chen, Weiming / Tan, Lek Wen / Ackers-Johnson, Matthew / Wakimoto, Hiroko / Seidman, Jonathan G / Seidman, Christine E / Lunde, Ida Gjervold / Zhu, Feng / Hu, Qidong / Bian, Jinsong / Wang, Jiong-Wei / Foo, Roger S / Jiang, Jianming

Circulation research

2019 Volume 125, Issue 9, Page(s) 834–846

Abstract: Rationale: Pathogenic variations in the lamin gene (: Objective: To assess whether silencing of cardiac : Methods and results: We developed a : Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that upregulation ... ...

Abstract	Rationale: Pathogenic variations in the lamin gene ( Objective: To assess whether silencing of cardiac Methods and results: We developed a Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that upregulation of
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7/biosynthesis ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7/genetics ; Cardiomyopathies/genetics ; Cardiomyopathies/metabolism ; Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor/biosynthesis ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor/genetics ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Fibrosis/genetics ; Fibrosis/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, 129 Strain ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; YY1 Transcription Factor/biosynthesis ; YY1 Transcription Factor/genetics
Chemical Substances	Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; CCN2 protein, mouse ; YY1 Transcription Factor ; Yy1 protein, mouse ; bmp7 protein, mouse ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor (139568-91-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80100-8
ISSN	1524-4571 ; 0009-7330 ; 0931-6876
ISSN (online)	1524-4571
ISSN	0009-7330 ; 0931-6876
DOI	10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.314794
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Article: The Yin and Yang of change

Klein, Louis / Wong, Thomas S. L

Leadership through the classics : learning management and leadership from ancient east and west philosophy , p. 475-486

systemic efficacy in change management

2012 , Page(s) 475–486

Author's details	Louis Klein and Thomas S. L. Wong
Keywords	Organisatorischer Wandel ; Wirtschaftliche Effizienz ; Wirtschaftlichkeit ; Philosophie ; Chinesisch
Language	English
Size	graph. Darst.
Publisher	Springer
Publishing place	Berlin [u.a.]
Document type	Article
ISBN	3-642-32444-4 ; 978-3-642-32444-4
Database	ECONomics Information System

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Article: Initial validation of the Yin-Yang Assessment Questionnaire for persons with diabetes mellitus.

Wong, Yee Chi Peggy / Pang, Mei Che Samantha

World journal of diabetes

2015 Volume 6, Issue 11, Page(s) 1198–1206

Abstract: ... internal consistency reliability of the Yin-Yang Assessment Questionnaire (YY-AQ).: Methods: The process ... case studies, validated Yin- and Yang-deficiency assessment questionnaires, relevant literatures and registered ... higher was considered to represent good internal consistency.: Results: Eighteen Yin-deficiency and 14 ...

Abstract	Aim: To initially test for the content validity, comprehensibility, test-retest reliability and internal consistency reliability of the Yin-Yang Assessment Questionnaire (YY-AQ). Methods: The process of initial validity and reliability test covered: (1) content validation from the findings of 18 multiple-case studies, validated Yin- and Yang-deficiency assessment questionnaires, relevant literatures and registered Chinese medicine practitioners; (2) comprehension with the levels of comprehensibility for each item categorized on a 3-point scale (not comprehensible; moderately comprehensible; highly comprehensible). A minimum of three respondents selecting for each item of moderately or highly comprehensible were regarded as comprehensive; (3) test-retest reliability conducted with a 2-wk interval. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and their 95%CIs were calculated using a two-way random effects model. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test for related samples was adopted to compare the medians of test-retest scores. An ICC value of 0.85 or higher together with P > 0.05, was considered acceptable; and (4) internal consistency of the total items was measured and evaluated by Cronbach's coefficient alpha (α). A Cronbach's α of 0.7 or higher was considered to represent good internal consistency. Results: Eighteen Yin-deficiency and 14 Yang-deficiency presentation items were finalized from content validation. Five participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) performed the comprehensibility and test-retest reliability tests. Comprehensibility score level of each presentation item was found to be moderate or high in three out of the five participants. Test-retest reliability showed that the single measure ICC of the total Yin-deficiency presentation items was 0.99 (95%CI: 0.89-0.99) and the median scores on the first and 14(th) days were 17 (IQR 6.5-27) and 21 (IQR 6-29) (P = 0.144) respectively. The single measure ICC of the total Yang-deficiency presentation items was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.79-0.99) and the median scores on the first and 14(th) days were 10 (IQR 6-18) and 14 (IQR 7-23) (P = 0.144) respectively. The results of a descriptive correlation study on 140 survey participants with T2DM using the YY-AQ showed that internal consistency of the total Yin-deficiency and Yang-deficiency presentation items was satisfactory, with Cronbach's α of 0.79 and 0.78 respectively. Conclusion: The YY-AQ will be tested further for comprehensibility, test-retest and internal consistency reliabilities, scoring system validity, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validities, responsiveness and predictive validity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2583471-X
ISSN	1948-9358
ISSN	1948-9358
DOI	10.4239/wjd.v6.i11.1198
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Article ; Online: Yin Yang 1-mediated epigenetic silencing of tumour-suppressive microRNAs activates nuclear factor-κB in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Tsang, Daisy P F / Wu, William K K / Kang, Wei / Lee, Ying-Ying / Wu, Feng / Yu, Zhuo / Xiong, Lei / Chan, Anthony W / Tong, Joanna H / Yang, Weiqin / Li, May S M / Lau, Suki S / Li, Xiangchun / Lee, Sau-Dan / Yang, Yihua / Lai, Paul B S / Yu, Dae-Yeul / Xu, Gang / Lo, Kwok-Wai /

Chan, Matthew T V / Wang, Huating / Lee, Tin L / Yu, Jun / Wong, Nathalie / Yip, Kevin Y / To, Ka-Fai / Cheng, Alfred S L

The Journal of pathology

2016 Volume 238, Issue 5, Page(s) 651–664

Abstract: ... characterization. Our cross-species integrative analysis revealed a crucial link between Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and EZH2 ...

Abstract	Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) catalyses histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) to silence tumour-suppressor genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the process of locus-specific recruitment remains elusive. Here we investigated the transcription factors involved and the molecular consequences in HCC development. The genome-wide distribution of H3K27me3 was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing or promoter array analyses in HCC cells from hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein transgenic mouse and human cell models. Transcription factor binding site analysis was performed to identify EZH2-interacting transcription factors followed by functional characterization. Our cross-species integrative analysis revealed a crucial link between Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 in HCC. Gene expression analysis of human HBV-associated HCC specimens demonstrated concordant overexpression of YY1 and EZH2, which correlated with poor survival of patients in advanced stages. The YY1 binding motif was significantly enriched in both in vivo and in vitro H3K27me3-occupied genes, including genes for 15 tumour-suppressive microRNAs. Knockdown of YY1 reduced not only global H3K27me3 levels, but also EZH2 and H3K27me3 promoter occupancy and DNA methylation, leading to the transcriptional up-regulation of microRNA-9 isoforms in HCC cells. Concurrent EZH2 knockdown and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment synergistically increased the levels of microRNA-9, which reduced the expression and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Functionally, YY1 promoted HCC tumourigenicity and inhibited apoptosis of HCC cells, at least partially through NF-κB activation. In conclusion, YY1 overexpression contributes to EZH2 recruitment for H3K27me3-mediated silencing of tumour-suppressive microRNAs, thereby activating NF-κB signalling in hepatocarcinogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis ; Binding Sites ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/virology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; DNA Methylation ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Silencing ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics ; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/virology ; Lysine ; Methylation ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, Transgenic ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/genetics ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA Interference ; Signal Transduction ; Time Factors ; Trans-Activators/genetics ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden ; Up-Regulation ; YY1 Transcription Factor/genetics ; YY1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Histones ; MicroRNAs ; NF-kappa B ; Trans-Activators ; YY1 Transcription Factor ; YY1 protein, human ; hepatitis B virus X protein ; EZH2 protein, human (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Lysine (K3Z4F929H6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3119-7
ISSN	1096-9896 ; 0022-3417
ISSN (online)	1096-9896
ISSN	0022-3417
DOI	10.1002/path.4688
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Article ; Online: Modulating angiogenesis: the yin and the yang in ginseng.

Sengupta, Shiladitya / Toh, Sue-Anne / Sellers, Lynda A / Skepper, Jeremy N / Koolwijk, Pieter / Leung, Hi Wun / Yeung, Hin-Wing / Wong, Ricky N S / Sasisekharan, Ram / Fan, Tai-Ping D

Circulation

2004 Volume 110, Issue 10, Page(s) 1219–1225

Abstract: Background: Ginseng is a commonly used nutraceutical. Intriguingly, existing literature reports both wound-healing and antitumor effects of ginseng extract through opposing activities on the vascular system. To elucidate this perplexity, we merged a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Ginseng is a commonly used nutraceutical. Intriguingly, existing literature reports both wound-healing and antitumor effects of ginseng extract through opposing activities on the vascular system. To elucidate this perplexity, we merged a chemical fingerprinting approach with a deconstructional study of the effects of pure molecules from ginseng extract on angiogenesis. Methods and results: A mass spectrometric compositional analysis of American, Chinese and Korean, and Sanqi ginseng revealed distinct "sterol ginsenoside" fingerprints, especially in the ratio between a triol, Rg1, and a diol, Rb1, the 2 most prevalent constituents. Using a Matrigel implant model and reconstituting the extracts using distinct ratios of the 2 ginsenosides, we demonstrate that the dominance of Rg1 leads to angiogenesis, whereas Rb1 exerts an opposing effect. Rg1 also promoted functional neovascularization into a polymer scaffold in vivo and the proliferation of, chemoinvasion of, and tubulogenesis by endothelial cells in vitro, an effect mediated through the expression of nitric oxide synthase and the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-->Akt pathway. In contrast, Rb1 inhibited the earliest step in angiogenesis, the chemoinvasion of endothelial cells. Conclusions: The present study explains, for the first time, the ambiguity about the effects of ginseng in vascular pathophysiology based on the existence of opposing active principles in the extract. We also unraveled a speciogeographic variation impinging on the compositional fingerprint that may modulate the final phenotype. This emphasizes the need for regulations standardizing herbal therapy, currently under the Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act. Furthermore, we propose that Rg1 could be a prototype for a novel group of nonpeptide molecules that can induce therapeutic angiogenesis, such as in wound healing.
MeSH term(s)	Americas ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/chemistry ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/pharmacology ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/chemistry ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured/drug effects ; China ; Drug Implants ; Endothelial Cells/cytology ; Endothelial Cells/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Ginsenosides/analysis ; Ginsenosides/antagonists & inhibitors ; Ginsenosides/pharmacology ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Structure ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/chemically induced ; Panax/chemistry ; Panax/classification ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/physiology ; Phytotherapy/standards ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Species Specificity ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Surgical Sponges/adverse effects ; Umbilical Veins
Chemical Substances	Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Drug Implants ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Ginsenosides ; ginsenoside Rb1 (7413S0WMH6) ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; ginsenoside Rg1 (PJ788634QY) ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (V55S2QJN2X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-09-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80099-5
ISSN	1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
ISSN	0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
DOI	10.1161/01.CIR.0000140676.88412.CF
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Article: A Yin-Yang role for metals in prion disease.

Wong, B S / Brown, D R / Sy, M S

Panminerva medica

2001 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 283–287

Abstract: Prion diseases are not only genetic or sporadic neurodegenerative disorders, but more important, they are transmissible diseases. The etiological agent in these unprecedented diseases is believed to be prion protein (PrP), which undergoes post- ... ...

Abstract	Prion diseases are not only genetic or sporadic neurodegenerative disorders, but more important, they are transmissible diseases. The etiological agent in these unprecedented diseases is believed to be prion protein (PrP), which undergoes post-translational conversion from the predominant a-helical conformation known as PrP(C), to a b-sheet rich abnormal isoform called scrapie PrP (PrP(Sc)). Accumulating evidence has shown PrP(C) to be a copper-binding antioxidant in vivo. The prevailing view that PrP binds copper weakly is based on in vitro observations using peptides or short fragment of recombinant PrP. However, recent in vitro evidence indicates human PrP has significantly higher affinity for copper, similar to other copper-binding proteins and copper uptake experiments show that PrP expressed by cells has a Km in the nanomolar range. Besides binding copper within the octarepeats region along the N-terminus, PrP can also binds copper at a second site further upstream. More importantly, PrP also binds other metals such as zinc and manganese at these two sites albeit at a lower affinity. This is important because there is evidence that native PrP in prion diseases binds not only copper, but also zinc. This abnormal metal binding probably resulted in the loss of its anti-oxidation function, and together with impairment in the cellular antioxidant mechanisms, contributed to the increased oxidative stress, and possibly trigger neurodegeneration.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Copper/metabolism ; Humans ; Metals/metabolism ; Prion Diseases/etiology ; Prion Diseases/metabolism ; Prions/metabolism ; Protein Binding
Chemical Substances	Metals ; Prions ; Copper (789U1901C5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-12
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	123572-2
ISSN	1827-1898 ; 0031-0808
ISSN (online)	1827-1898
ISSN	0031-0808
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Article ; Online: Pharmacogenomics and the Yin/Yang actions of ginseng

Yeung Hin / Fan David / Ng Tzi / Leung Kar / Cheng Yuen / Mak Nai / Yue Patrick / Wong Ricky

Chinese Medicine, Vol 2, Iss 1, p

anti-tumor, angiomodulating and steroid-like activities of ginsenosides

2007 Volume 6

Abstract: ... in the human body is regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. The 'Yin ...

Abstract	Abstract In Chinese medicine, ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has long been used as a general tonic or an adaptogen to promote longevity and enhance bodily functions. It has also been claimed to be effective in combating stress, fatigue, oxidants, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Most of the pharmacological actions of ginseng are attributed to one type of its constituents, namely the ginsenosides. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the study of ginsenosides on angiogenesis which is related to many pathological conditions including tumor progression and cardiovascular dysfunctions. Angiogenesis in the human body is regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. The 'Yin and Yang' action of ginseng on angiomodulation was paralleled by the experimental data showing angiogenesis was indeed related to the compositional ratio between ginsenosides Rg 1 and Rb 1 . Rg 1 was later found to stimulate angiogenesis through augmenting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Mechanistic studies revealed that such responses were mediated through the PI3K→Akt pathway. By means of DNA microarray, a group of genes related to cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeleton were found to be up-regulated in endothelial cells. These gene products may interact in a hierarchical cascade pattern to modulate cell architectural dynamics which is concomitant to the observed phenomena in angiogenesis. By contrast, the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of ginsenosides (e.g. Rg 3 and Rh 2 ) have been demonstrated in various models of tumor and endothelial cells, indicating that ginsenosides with opposing activities are present in ginseng. Ginsenosides and Panax ginseng extracts have been shown to exert protective effects on vascular dysfunctions, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic disorders and ischemic injury. Recent work has demonstrates the target molecules of ginsenosides to be a group of nuclear steroid hormone receptors. These lines of ...
Keywords	Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Symptom characteristics of Kidney-Yin deficiency and Kidney-Yang deficiency in Hong Kong Chinese midlife women.

Chen, Run Qiu / Cao, Ke Jian / Lam, Tai Hing / Wong, Chit Ming

Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.)

2008 Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) 457–460

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases/diagnosis ; Kidney Diseases/epidemiology ; Kidney Diseases/physiopathology ; Logistic Models ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Women's Health ; Yang Deficiency/diagnosis ; Yang Deficiency/epidemiology ; Yin Deficiency/diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency/epidemiology ; Yin-Yang
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1237383-7
ISSN	1557-7708 ; 1075-5535
ISSN (online)	1557-7708
ISSN	1075-5535
DOI	10.1089/acm.2007.7202
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Article ; Online: Pharmacogenomics and the Yin/Yang actions of ginseng: anti-tumor, angiomodulating and steroid-like activities of ginsenosides.

Yue, Patrick Ying Kit / Mak, Nai Ki / Cheng, Yuen Kit / Leung, Kar Wah / Ng, Tzi Bun / Fan, David Tai Ping / Yeung, Hin Wing / Wong, Ricky Ngok Shun

Chinese medicine

2007 Volume 2, Page(s) 6

Abstract: ... regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. The 'Yin and Yang' ...

Abstract	In Chinese medicine, ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has long been used as a general tonic or an adaptogen to promote longevity and enhance bodily functions. It has also been claimed to be effective in combating stress, fatigue, oxidants, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Most of the pharmacological actions of ginseng are attributed to one type of its constituents, namely the ginsenosides. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the study of ginsenosides on angiogenesis which is related to many pathological conditions including tumor progression and cardiovascular dysfunctions. Angiogenesis in the human body is regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. The 'Yin and Yang' action of ginseng on angiomodulation was paralleled by the experimental data showing angiogenesis was indeed related to the compositional ratio between ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1. Rg1 was later found to stimulate angiogenesis through augmenting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Mechanistic studies revealed that such responses were mediated through the PI3K-->Akt pathway. By means of DNA microarray, a group of genes related to cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeleton were found to be up-regulated in endothelial cells. These gene products may interact in a hierarchical cascade pattern to modulate cell architectural dynamics which is concomitant to the observed phenomena in angiogenesis. By contrast, the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of ginsenosides (e.g. Rg3 and Rh2) have been demonstrated in various models of tumor and endothelial cells, indicating that ginsenosides with opposing activities are present in ginseng. Ginsenosides and Panax ginseng extracts have been shown to exert protective effects on vascular dysfunctions, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic disorders and ischemic injury. Recent work has demonstrates the target molecules of ginsenosides to be a group of nuclear steroid hormone receptors. These lines of evidence support that the interaction between ginsenosides and various nuclear steroid hormone receptors may explain the diverse pharmacological activities of ginseng. These findings may also lead to development of more efficacious ginseng-derived therapeutics for angiogenesis-related diseases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-05-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2260322-0
ISSN	1749-8546 ; 1749-8546
ISSN (online)	1749-8546
ISSN	1749-8546
DOI	10.1186/1749-8546-2-6
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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Ophthalmic epidemiology

Cheng, Ching-Yu / Wong, Tien Yin

current concepts to digital strategies

2022

Author's details	edited by Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong
Keywords	Electronic books
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (xv, 284 Seiten), Illustrationen, Diagramme
Publisher	CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
Publishing place	Boca Raton
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
HBZ-ID	HT021371195
ISBN	978-1-3513-7878-9 ; 978-1-3151-4673-7 ; 9781138505889 ; 9781032247595 ; 1-3513-7878-3 ; 1-3151-4673-8 ; 1138505889 ; 1032247592
DOI	10.1021/9781315146737
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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