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Article ; Online: Frameworks for Global Health Collaboration in Pandemic Disease.

Lee, J Austin / Kharel, Ramu / Naganathan, Sonya / Karim, Naz / Aluisio, Adam R / Levine, Adam C

Rhode Island medical journal (2013)

2022 Volume 105, Issue 2, Page(s) 33–37

Abstract: Novel disease emergence with associated outbreaks and pandemics have become increasingly common in the last several decades. For centuries, people have utilized various forms of collaboration to control outbreaks. Modern global health frameworks now play ...

Abstract	Novel disease emergence with associated outbreaks and pandemics have become increasingly common in the last several decades. For centuries, people have utilized various forms of collaboration to control outbreaks. Modern global health frameworks now play a central role in guiding a targeted and coordinated international disease response; recent pandemics have shown that such systems have both strengths and vulnerabilities. This report assesses the existing global health infrastructure for pandemic response and discusses how the World Health Organization (WHO) and global health infrastructure has responded to recent public health threats.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Global Health ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Public Health ; World Health Organization
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	419430-5
ISSN	2327-2228 ; 0363-7913
ISSN (online)	2327-2228
ISSN	0363-7913
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Article ; Online: Training program for female community volunteers to combat COVID 19 in rural Nepal.

Kharel, Ramu / Regmi, Soniya P / Lin, Timmy / Levine, Adam C / Aluisio, Adam R

Global health action

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2134425

Abstract: Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHV) in Nepal have identified lack of appropriate training as a barrier to involvement in the COVID 19 response. With more than 50,000 FCHVs serving rural areas of Nepal, they are instrumental in healthcare and are a ... ...

Abstract	Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHV) in Nepal have identified lack of appropriate training as a barrier to involvement in the COVID 19 response. With more than 50,000 FCHVs serving rural areas of Nepal, they are instrumental in healthcare and are a major source of information delivery to those with the most limited health-care access in Nepal. This communication describes an innovative training programme to rapidly equip FCHVs with knowledge on COVID 19 response. The ongoing programme leverages partnerships between local municipalities and a local community-based organisation and has rapidly trained more than 300 FCHVs across four districts with a population of 1,000,000, and has plans to expand the training across the country. This training programme is a key example of how local partnerships can be utilised for digital training of FCHVs in remote parts of Nepal and leveraged to strengthen response capacity during the pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Community Health Workers/education ; COVID-19 ; Nepal/epidemiology ; Volunteers ; Health Services Accessibility
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2540569-X
ISSN	1654-9880 ; 1654-9880
ISSN (online)	1654-9880
ISSN	1654-9880
DOI	10.1080/16549716.2022.2134425
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Derivation and Internal Validation of a Mortality Prognostication Machine Learning Model in Ebola Virus Disease Based on Iterative Point-of-Care Biomarkers.

Bearnot, Courtney J / Mbong, Eta N / Muhayangabo, Rigo F / Laghari, Razia / Butler, Kelsey / Gainey, Monique / Perera, Shiromi M / Michelow, Ian C / Tang, Oliver Y / Levine, Adam C / Colubri, Andrés / Aluisio, Adam R

Open forum infectious diseases

2024 Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) ofad689

Abstract: Background: Although multiple prognostic models exist for Ebola virus disease mortality, few incorporate biomarkers, and none has used longitudinal point-of-care serum testing throughout Ebola treatment center care.: Methods: This retrospective study ...

Abstract	Background: Although multiple prognostic models exist for Ebola virus disease mortality, few incorporate biomarkers, and none has used longitudinal point-of-care serum testing throughout Ebola treatment center care. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated adult patients with Ebola virus disease during the 10th outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Ebola virus cycle threshold (Ct; based on reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) and point-of-care serum biomarker values were collected throughout Ebola treatment center care. Four iterative machine learning models were created for prognosis of mortality. The base model used age and admission Ct as predictors. Ct and biomarkers from treatment days 1 and 2, days 3 and 4, and days 5 and 6 associated with mortality were iteratively added to the model to yield mortality risk estimates. Receiver operating characteristic curves for each iteration provided period-specific areas under curve with 95% CIs. Results: Of 310 cases positive for Ebola virus disease, mortality occurred in 46.5%. Biomarkers predictive of mortality were elevated creatinine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase, and potassium; low albumin during days 1 and 2; elevated C-reactive protein, BUN, and potassium during days 3 and 4; and elevated C-reactive protein and BUN during days 5 and 6. The area under curve substantially improved with each iteration: base model, 0.74 (95% CI, .69-.80); days 1 and 2, 0.84 (95% CI, .73-.94); days 3 and 4, 0.94 (95% CI, .88-1.0); and days 5 and 6, 0.96 (95% CI, .90-1.0). Conclusions: This is the first study to utilize iterative point-of-care biomarkers to derive dynamic prognostic mortality models. This novel approach demonstrates that utilizing biomarkers drastically improved prognostication up to 6 days into patient care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2757767-3
ISSN	2328-8957
ISSN	2328-8957
DOI	10.1093/ofid/ofad689
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Article ; Online: Leveraging emergency care to reach key populations for 'the last mile' in HIV programming: a waiting opportunity.

Smith-Sreen, Joshua / Bosire, Rose / Farquhar, Carey / Katz, David A / Kimani, Joshua / Masyuko, Sarah / Mello, Michael J / Aluisio, Adam R

AIDS (London, England)

2023 Volume 37, Issue 15, Page(s) 2421–2424

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Emergency Medical Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	639076-6
ISSN	1473-5571 ; 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
ISSN (online)	1473-5571
ISSN	0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
DOI	10.1097/QAD.0000000000003709
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Article ; Online: Sepsis and Septic Shock in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Stephen, Andrew H / Montoya, Rachel L / Aluisio, Adam R

Surgical infections

2020 Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 571–578

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Developing Countries ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Organ Dysfunction Scores ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Sepsis/diagnosis ; Sepsis/epidemiology ; Sepsis/therapy ; Shock, Septic/diagnosis ; Shock, Septic/epidemiology ; Shock, Septic/therapy
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1440120-4
ISSN	1557-8674 ; 1096-2964
ISSN (online)	1557-8674
ISSN	1096-2964
DOI	10.1089/sur.2020.047
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Article ; Online: Training program for female community volunteers to combat COVID 19 in rural Nepal

Ramu Kharel / Soniya P. Regmi / Timmy Lin / Adam C. Levine / Adam R. Aluisio

Global Health Action, Vol 15, Iss

2022 Volume 1

Abstract	Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHV) in Nepal have identified lack of appropriate training as a barrier to involvement in the COVID 19 response. With more than 50,000 FCHVs serving rural areas of Nepal, they are instrumental in healthcare and are a major source of information delivery to those with the most limited health-care access in Nepal. This communication describes an innovative training programme to rapidly equip FCHVs with knowledge on COVID 19 response. The ongoing programme leverages partnerships between local municipalities and a local community-based organisation and has rapidly trained more than 300 FCHVs across four districts with a population of 1,000,000, and has plans to expand the training across the country. This training programme is a key example of how local partnerships can be utilised for digital training of FCHVs in remote parts of Nepal and leveraged to strengthen response capacity during the pandemic.
Keywords	education ; rural nepal ; international education ; community education ; covid 19 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Implementation and Assessment of the HIV Enhanced Access Testing in the Emergency Department (HEATED) Program in Nairobi, Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental Prospective Study.

Aluisio, Adam R / Smith-Sreen, Joshua / Offorjebe, Agatha / Maina, Wamutitu / Pirirei, Sankei / Kinuthia, John / Bukusi, David / Waweru, Harriet / Bosire, Rose / Ojuka, Daniel K / Eastment, McKenna C / Katz, David A / Mello, Michael J / Farquhar, Carey

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2024

Abstract: Background: Persons seeking emergency injury care are often from underserved key populations (KPs) and priority populations (PPs) for HIV programming. While facility-based HIV Testing Services (HTS) in Kenya are effective, emergency department (ED) ... ...

Abstract	Background: Persons seeking emergency injury care are often from underserved key populations (KPs) and priority populations (PPs) for HIV programming. While facility-based HIV Testing Services (HTS) in Kenya are effective, emergency department (ED) delivery is limited, despite the potential to reach underserved persons. Methods: This quasi-experimental prospective study evaluated implementation of the HIV Enhanced Access Testing in Emergency Departments (HEATED) at Kenyatta National Hospital ED in Nairobi, Kenya. The HEATED program was designed using setting specific data and utilizes resource reorganization, services integration and HIV sensitization to promote ED-HTS. KPs included sex workers, gay men, men who have sex with men, transgender persons and persons who inject drugs. PPs included young persons (18-24 years), victims of interpersonal violence, persons with hazardous alcohol use and those never previously HIV tested. Data were obtained from systems-level records, enrolled injured patient participants and healthcare providers. Systems and patient-level data were collected during a pre-implementation period (6 March - 16 April 2023) and post-implementation (period 1, 1 May - 26 June 2023). Additional, systems-level data were collected during a second post-implementation (period 2, 27 June - 20 August 2023). Evaluation analyses were completed across reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance framework domains. Results: All 151 clinical staff were reached through trainings and sensitizations on the HEATED program. Systems-level ED-HTS increased from 16.7% pre-implementation to 23.0% post-implementation periods 1 and 2 (RR=1.31, 95% CI:1.21-1.43; p<0.001) with a 62.9% relative increase in HIV self-test kit provision. Among 605 patient participants, facilities-based HTS increased from 5.7% pre-implementation to 62.3% post-implementation period 1 (RR=11.2, 95%CI:6.9-18.1; p<0.001). There were 440 (72.7%) patient participants identified as KPs (5.6%) and/or PPs (65.3%). For enrolled KPs/PPs, HTS increased from 4.6% pre-implementation to 72.3% post-implementation period 1 (RR=13.8, 95%CI:5.5-28.7, p<0.001). Systems and participant level data demonstrated successful adoption and implementation of the HEATED program. Through 16-weeks post-implementation a significant increase in ED-HTS delivery was maintained as compared to pre-implementation. Conclusions: The HEATED program increased ED-HTS and augmented delivery to KPs/PPs, suggesting that broader implementation could improve HIV services for underserved persons, already in contact with health systems.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.04.03.24305277
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Valproate for Adult Migraine Prophylaxis.

Aluisio, Adam R / Zehtabchi, Shahriar

American family physician

2016 Volume 94, Issue 9, Page(s) Online

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Migraine Disorders/drug therapy ; Migraine Disorders/prevention & control ; Severity of Illness Index ; Valproic Acid/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anticonvulsants ; Valproic Acid (614OI1Z5WI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Article ; Online: Academic-humanitarian partnerships: leveraging strengths to combat COVID-19.

Aluisio, Adam R / Zhu, Emily / Gil, Gabriela / Kenyon, Thomas / Uzevski, Vlatko / Levine, Adam C

Global health action

2020 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 1797296

Abstract: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed many health systems globally. Innovative initiatives are needed to combat the pandemic and scaleup response efforts. This communication describes a collaborative partnership between an ... ...

Abstract	The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed many health systems globally. Innovative initiatives are needed to combat the pandemic and scaleup response efforts. This communication describes a collaborative partnership between an international humanitarian organization and an academic university to develop and rapidly deploy a remote digital COVID-19 trainer-of-trainers (TOT) program to enhance global response. The ongoing program has resulted in more than 900 TOT personnel who have themselves trained over 22,000 frontline response providers from 21 different countries and territories. The developed and implemented COVID-19 digital training program is a key example of how academic-humanitarian partnerships can be leveraged to strengthen healthcare training and response capacity during pandemics.
MeSH term(s)	Altruism ; Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration ; Education/organization & administration ; Emergency Medicine/education ; Global Health ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Public Health/education ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Universities
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2540569-X
ISSN	1654-9880 ; 1654-9880
ISSN (online)	1654-9880
ISSN	1654-9880
DOI	10.1080/16549716.2020.1797296
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Article ; Online: The status and future of emergency care in the Republic of Kenya.

Lee, J Austin / Wanjiku, Grace / Nduku, Naomi / Aluisio, Adam R / Kharel, Ramu / Simiyu, John Tabu / Wachira, Benjamin W

African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–52

Abstract: Kenya is a rapidly developing country with a growing economy and evolving health care system. In the decade since the last publication on the state of emergency care in Kenya, significant developments have occurred in the country's approach to emergency ... ...

Abstract	Kenya is a rapidly developing country with a growing economy and evolving health care system. In the decade since the last publication on the state of emergency care in Kenya, significant developments have occurred in the country's approach to emergency care. Importantly, the country decentralized most health care functions to county governments in 2013. Despite the triple burden of traumatic, communicable, and non-communicable diseases, the structure of the health care system in the Republic of Kenya is evolving to adapt to the important role for the care of emergent medical conditions. This report provides a ten-year interval update on the current state of the development of emergency medical care and training in Kenya, and looks ahead towards areas for growth and development. Of particular focus is the role emergency care plays in Universal Health Coverage, and adapting to challenges from the devolution of health care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2211-4203
ISSN (online)	2211-4203
DOI	10.1016/j.afjem.2021.11.003
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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