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  1. Article ; Online: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About COVID-19 Among Adults in the United States.

    Reiter, Paul L / Katz, Mira L

    Frontiers in public health

    2021  Volume 9, Page(s) 653498

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2021.653498
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  2. Article ; Online: Views about vaccines and how views changed during the COVID-19 pandemic among a national sample of young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.

    Marshall, Daniel / McRee, Annie-Laurie / Gower, Amy L / Reiter, Paul L

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 2281717

    Abstract: We examined perceptions of vaccines and changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. From 2019 to 2021, a national sample of young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men completed an open-ended survey item about vaccine ... ...

    Abstract We examined perceptions of vaccines and changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. From 2019 to 2021, a national sample of young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men completed an open-ended survey item about vaccine perceptions. Analyses identified themes and polarity (negative, neutral, or positive) within responses and determined temporal changes across phases of the pandemic ("pre-pandemic," "pandemic," "initial vaccine availability," or "widespread vaccine availability"). Themes included health benefits of vaccines (53.9%), fear of shots (23.7%), COVID-19 (10.3%), vaccines being safe (5.6%), and vaccine hesitancy/misinformation (5.5%). Temporal changes existed for multiple themes (
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Homosexuality, Male ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2023.2281717
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    Zs.A 6967: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Mindfulness-based Interventions Across the Cancer Continuum in the United States: A Scoping Review.

    Emerson, Brent / Reddy, Menaka / Reiter, Paul L / Shoben, Abigail B / Klatt, Maryanna / Chakraborty, Subhankar / Katz, Mira L

    American journal of health promotion : AJHP

    2024  Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 560–575

    Abstract: Objective: To review mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT) across the cancer continuum.: Data source: Articles identified in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase.: Study inclusion and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To review mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT) across the cancer continuum.
    Data source: Articles identified in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase.
    Study inclusion and exclusion criteria: Two independent reviewers screened articles for: (1) topic relevance; (2) RCT study design; (3) mindfulness activity; (4) text availability; (5) country (United States); and (6) mindfulness as the primary intervention component.
    Data extraction: Twenty-eight RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Data was extracted on the following variables: publication year, population, study arms, cancer site, stage of cancer continuum, participant demographic characteristics, mindfulness definition, mindfulness measures, mindfulness delivery, and behavioral theory.
    Data synthesis: We used descriptive statistics and preliminary content analysis to characterize the data and identify emerging themes.
    Results: A definition of mindfulness was reported in 46% of studies and 43% measured mindfulness. Almost all MBIs were tested in survivorship (50%) or treatment (46%) stages of the cancer continuum. Breast cancer was the focus of 73% of cancer-site specific studies, and most participants were non-Hispanic white females.
    Conclusion: The scoping review identified 5 themes: (1) inconsistency in defining mindfulness; (2) differences in measuring mindfulness; (3) underrepresentation of racial/ethnic minorities; (4) underrepresentation of males and cancer sites other than breast; and (5) the lack of behavioral theory in the design, implementation, and evaluation of the MBI.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; United States ; Mindfulness ; Breast Neoplasms ; Research Design ; Text Messaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645160-3
    ISSN 2168-6602 ; 0890-1171
    ISSN (online) 2168-6602
    ISSN 0890-1171
    DOI 10.1177/08901171241227316
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    Zs.A 2531: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: Cervical cancer screening among sexual minority women: findings from a national survey.

    Bustamante, Gabriela / Reiter, Paul L / McRee, Annie-Laurie

    Cancer causes & control : CCC

    2021  Volume 32, Issue 8, Page(s) 911–917

    Abstract: Purpose: Sexual minority women (SMW; lesbian, bisexual, and other women who have sex with women) are at risk for cervical cancer but less likely than non-SMW to receive regular cervical cancer screening (Pap- and/or HPV-testing). We examined factors ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Sexual minority women (SMW; lesbian, bisexual, and other women who have sex with women) are at risk for cervical cancer but less likely than non-SMW to receive regular cervical cancer screening (Pap- and/or HPV-testing). We examined factors contributing to receipt of guideline-based cervical cancer screening among SMW.
    Methods: During October 2019, we conducted an online survey of self-identified SMW aged 21-45 years living in the United States (n = 435). We estimated risk differences (RD) in women's likelihood of being within current cervical cancer screening guidelines by sociodemographic and health-related characteristics.
    Results: Overall, 75% of respondents were within current screening guidelines. Adjusting for other factors, SMW were more likely to be within guidelines if they were insured (aRD 0.26, 95% CI 0.13, 0.39), had a partner (aRD 0.18, 95% CI 0.09, 0.28), and were older (aRD 0.12, 95% CI 0.04, 0.20). Overall, the most common reasons for not being screened recently were lack of insurance/cost (42%) and perceiving it was unnecessary (28%).
    Conclusion: Many SMW are not being screened for cervical cancer according to guidelines. Findings can inform efforts to improve screening among this population.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1064022-8
    ISSN 1573-7225 ; 0957-5243
    ISSN (online) 1573-7225
    ISSN 0957-5243
    DOI 10.1007/s10552-021-01442-0
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    Zs.A 3375: Show issues Location:
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: Perspectives on self-sampling for cancer screening among rural and urban women: Multilevel factors related to acceptability.

    Stoltzfus, Kelsey C / Popalis, Madyson L / Reiter, Paul L / Moss, Jennifer L

    The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 391–397

    Abstract: Purpose: Self-sampling tests may be used to overcome barriers to screening that are more prevalent in rural populations compared to urban populations. This study aims to qualitatively examine the attitudes toward established and novel self-sampling ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Self-sampling tests may be used to overcome barriers to screening that are more prevalent in rural populations compared to urban populations. This study aims to qualitatively examine the attitudes toward established and novel self-sampling tests for cervical and colorectal cancer among women, comparing themes from rural versus urban areas.
    Methods: We recruited women (ages 45-65) from 28 counties in Pennsylvania. Four focus groups were conducted with women from metropolitan counties, and 7 focus groups were conducted with women from nonmetropolitan counties. A brief survey was conducted prior to the focus group regarding general health and willingness to complete self-sampling tests for cervical and colorectal cancer.
    Findings: We identified 3 themes about the potential for self-sampling for cancer screening: advantages and disadvantages of self-sampling compared to traditional testing, impact of self-sampling on patient interactions with their health care providers/clinics, and implications for improving/worsening access to quality health care services. We detected differences in responses from rural versus urban participants in the potential impact of self-sampling for cancer screening.
    Conclusions: There are several barriers and facilitators at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels that influence the feasibility of implementing self-sampling for cancer screening in routine clinical practice. Rural participants face unique barriers to cancer screening across all levels. These findings can be used to guide interventions aimed at increasing the use of self-sampling methods.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening/methods ; Middle Aged ; Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Rural Population ; Specimen Handling/methods ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639160-6
    ISSN 1748-0361 ; 0890-765X
    ISSN (online) 1748-0361
    ISSN 0890-765X
    DOI 10.1111/jrh.12590
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    Zs.B 3102: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About COVID-19 Among Adults in the United States

    Paul L. Reiter / Mira L. Katz

    Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

    2021  Volume 9

    Abstract: Background: Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs are cognitive outcomes that serve as key determinants of engaging in health behaviors, likely including vaccination and other mitigation behaviors against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Studies have ... ...

    Abstract Background: Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs are cognitive outcomes that serve as key determinants of engaging in health behaviors, likely including vaccination and other mitigation behaviors against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Studies have begun examining people's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about COVID-19, but little is known about how these cognitive outcomes differ across racial/ethnic groups.Methods: An online survey was conducted with a convenience sample of adults ages 18 and older in the United States (n = 2,006) in May 2020, about 2 months after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. Multivariable regression models were used to examine differences in knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about COVID-19 across racial/ethnic groups (non-Latinx white, non-Latinx black, non-Latinx of another race, or Latinx).Results: Knowledge tended to be lower among non-Latinx blacks and Latinx participants compared to non-Latinx whites. For example, fewer non-Latinx blacks responded correctly that COVID-19 is not caused by the same virus that causes influenza (adjusted OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49–0.90), and Latinx participants were less likely to respond correctly that people with COVID-19 do not always show symptoms of being sick (adjusted OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.45–0.87). For beliefs and attitudes, non-Latinx blacks (β = −0.09) and non-Latinx participants of another race (β = −0.05) reported lower perceived likelihood of getting COVID-19 in the future compared to non-Latinx whites, while Latinx participants reported greater perceived stigma of COVID-19 (β = 0.08) (all p < 0.05).Conclusions: Several differences in cognitive outcomes about COVID-19 exist across racial/ethnic groups, including gaps in knowledge and varied beliefs and attitudes. Results identify modifiable targets for public health programs promoting vaccination and other mitigation behaviors against COVID-19.
    Keywords coronavirus ; COVID-19 ; knowledge ; beliefs ; attitudes ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: How many people would get vaccinated?

    Reiter, Paul L / Pennell, Michael L / Katz, Mira L

    Vaccine

    2020  Volume 38, Issue 42, Page(s) 6500–6507

    Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Several prophylactic vaccines against COVID-19 are currently in development, yet little is known about people's acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine.: Methods: We ... ...

    Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Several prophylactic vaccines against COVID-19 are currently in development, yet little is known about people's acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine.
    Methods: We conducted an online survey of adults ages 18 and older in the United States (n = 2,006) in May 2020. Multivariable relative risk regression identified correlates of participants' willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., vaccine acceptability).
    Results: Overall, 69% of participants were willing to get a COVID-19 vaccine. Participants were more likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they thought their healthcare provider would recommend vaccination (RR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.49-2.02) or if they were moderate (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16) or liberal (RR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.22) in their political leaning. Participants were also more likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they reported higher levels of perceived likelihood getting a COVID-19 infection in the future (RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.09), perceived severity of COVID-19 infection (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.11), or perceived effectiveness of a COVID-19 vaccine (RR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.40-1.52). Participants were less likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they were non-Latinx black (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74-0.90) or reported a higher level of perceived potential vaccine harms (RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98).
    Conclusions: Many adults are willing to get a COVID-19 vaccine, though acceptability should be monitored as vaccine development continues. Our findings can help guide future efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccine acceptability (and uptake if a vaccine becomes available).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Betacoronavirus/drug effects ; Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/psychology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Patient Compliance/psychology ; Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Safety ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Risk Assessment/trends ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Treatment Refusal/psychology ; Treatment Refusal/statistics & numerical data ; United States/epidemiology ; Vaccination/psychology ; Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Viral Vaccines
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.043
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  8. Article ; Online: Framing of national HPV vaccine recommendations and willingness to recommend at ages 9-10.

    Kahn, Benjamin Z / Reiter, Paul L / Kritikos, Katherine I / Gilkey, Melissa B / Queen, Tara L / Brewer, Noel T

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 2172276

    Abstract: Proactive HPV vaccination at age 9 better prevents infection and improves vaccine series completion. Because national organizations recommend starting the vaccine at different ages, we sought to understand the impact of these recommendation frames. In ... ...

    Abstract Proactive HPV vaccination at age 9 better prevents infection and improves vaccine series completion. Because national organizations recommend starting the vaccine at different ages, we sought to understand the impact of these recommendation frames. In 2022, we surveyed 2,527 US clinical staff (45% physicians) who provide HPV vaccine for children. We randomized respondents to one of three frames based on HPV vaccine recommendations of national organizations or a no-recommendation control, and assessed willingness to recommend HPV vaccine for children ages 9-10. Respondents also reported perceived benefits of HPV vaccination at ages 9 or 12. Recommending HPV vaccination "at ages 11-12" led to lower willingness to vaccinate at ages 9-10 than control (37% vs. 54%,
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances Papillomavirus Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2023.2172276
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    Zs.A 6967: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected general vaccination hesitancy? Findings from a national study.

    McRee, Annie-Laurie / Gower, Amy L / Kiss, Dale E / Reiter, Paul L

    Journal of behavioral medicine

    2022  Volume 46, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 9–14

    Abstract: Extensive media coverage and potential controversy about COVID-19 vaccination during the pandemic may have affected people's general attitudes towards vaccination. We sought to describe key psychological antecedents related to vaccination and assess how ... ...

    Abstract Extensive media coverage and potential controversy about COVID-19 vaccination during the pandemic may have affected people's general attitudes towards vaccination. We sought to describe key psychological antecedents related to vaccination and assess how these vary temporally in relationship to the pandemic and availability of COVID-19 vaccination. As part of an ongoing online study, we recruited a national (U.S.) sample of young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (N = 1,227) between October 2019 and June 2021, and assessed the "4Cs" (antecedents of vaccination; range = 1-5). Overall, men had high levels of confidence (trust in vaccines; M = 4.13), calculation (deliberation; M = 3.97) and collective responsibility (protecting others; M = 4.05) and low levels of complacency (not perceiving disease risk; M = 1.72). In multivariable analyses, confidence and collective responsibility varied relative to the pandemic phase/vaccine availability, reflecting greater hesitancy during later stages of the pandemic. Antecedents also varied by demographic characteristics. Findings suggest negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on key antecedents of general vaccination and identify potential targets for interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Homosexuality, Male ; Pandemics ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Vaccination Hesitancy ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 441827-x
    ISSN 1573-3521 ; 0160-7715
    ISSN (online) 1573-3521
    ISSN 0160-7715
    DOI 10.1007/s10865-022-00298-2
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    Zs.A 1448: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Self-sampling tools to increase cancer screening among underserved patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

    Moss, Jennifer L / Entenman, Juliette / Stoltzfus, Kelsey / Liao, Jiangang / Onega, Tracy / Reiter, Paul L / Klesges, Lisa M / Garrow, George / Ruffin, Mack T

    JNCI cancer spectrum

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: Screening can reduce cancer mortality, but uptake is suboptimal and characterized by disparities. Home-based self-sampling can facilitate screening for colorectal cancer (with stool tests, eg, fecal immunochemical tests) and for cervical ... ...

    Abstract Background: Screening can reduce cancer mortality, but uptake is suboptimal and characterized by disparities. Home-based self-sampling can facilitate screening for colorectal cancer (with stool tests, eg, fecal immunochemical tests) and for cervical cancer (with self-collected human papillomavirus tests), especially among patients who face barriers to accessing health care. Additional data are needed on feasibility and potential effects of self-sampling tools for cancer screening among underserved patients.
    Methods: We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial with patients (female, ages 50-65 years, out of date with colorectal and cervical cancer screening) recruited from federally qualified health centers in rural and racially segregated counties in Pennsylvania. Participants in the standard-of-care arm (n = 24) received screening reminder letters. Participants in the self-sampling arm (n = 24) received self-sampling tools for fecal immunochemical tests and human papillomavirus testing. We assessed uptake of screening (10-week follow-up), self-sampling screening outcomes, and psychosocial variables. Analyses used Fisher exact tests to assess the effect of study arm on outcomes.
    Results: Cancer screening was higher in the self-sampling arm than the standard-of-care arm (colorectal: 75% vs 13%, respectively, odds ratio = 31.32, 95% confidence interval = 5.20 to 289.33; cervical: 79% vs 8%, odds ratio = 72.03, 95% confidence interval = 9.15 to 1141.41). Among participants who returned the self-sampling tools, the prevalence of abnormal findings was 24% for colorectal and 18% for cervical cancer screening. Cancer screening knowledge was positively associated with uptake (P < .05).
    Conclusions: Self-sampling tools can increase colorectal and cervical cancer screening among unscreened, underserved patients. Increasing the use of self-sampling tools can improve primary care and cancer detection among underserved patients.
    Clinical trials registration number: STUDY00015480.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Papillomaviridae ; Papillomavirus Infections/complications ; Pilot Projects ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Vulnerable Populations ; Middle Aged ; Aged
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2515-5091
    ISSN (online) 2515-5091
    DOI 10.1093/jncics/pkad103
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