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  1. Article ; Online: Chiral Central Charge from a Single Bulk Wave Function.

    Kim, Isaac H / Shi, Bowen / Kato, Kohtaro / Albert, Victor V

    Physical review letters

    2022  Volume 128, Issue 17, Page(s) 176402

    Abstract: A (2+1)-dimensional gapped quantum many-body system can have a topologically protected energy current at its edge. The magnitude of this current is determined entirely by the temperature and the chiral central charge, a quantity associated with the ... ...

    Abstract A (2+1)-dimensional gapped quantum many-body system can have a topologically protected energy current at its edge. The magnitude of this current is determined entirely by the temperature and the chiral central charge, a quantity associated with the effective field theory of the edge. We derive a formula for the chiral central charge that, akin to the topological entanglement entropy, is completely determined by the many-body ground state wave function in the bulk. According to our formula, nonzero chiral central charge gives rise to a topological obstruction that prevents the ground state wave function from being real valued in any local product basis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.176402
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Clustering of Conditional Mutual Information for Quantum Gibbs States above a Threshold Temperature.

    Kuwahara, Tomotaka / Kato, Kohtaro / Brandão, Fernando G S L

    Physical review letters

    2020  Volume 124, Issue 22, Page(s) 220601

    Abstract: We prove that the quantum Gibbs states of spin systems above a certain threshold temperature are approximate quantum Markov networks, meaning that the conditional mutual information decays rapidly with distance. We demonstrate the exponential decay for ... ...

    Abstract We prove that the quantum Gibbs states of spin systems above a certain threshold temperature are approximate quantum Markov networks, meaning that the conditional mutual information decays rapidly with distance. We demonstrate the exponential decay for short-ranged interacting systems and power-law decay for long-ranged interacting systems. Consequently, we establish the efficiency of quantum Gibbs sampling algorithms, a strong version of the area law, the quasilocality of effective Hamiltonians on subsystems, a clustering theorem for mutual information, and a polynomial-time algorithm for classical Gibbs state simulations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.220601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Iduronate-2-sulfatase Penetrates the Blood-Retinal Barrier and Improves Retinopathy in Mucopolysaccharidosis II Mice.

    Imakiire, Atsushi / Morimoto, Hideto / Suzuki, Hidehiko / Masuda, Tomomi / Yoden, Eiji / Inoue, Asuka / Morioka, Hiroki / Konaka, Takashi / Mori, Ayaka / Shirasaka, Ryoji / Kato, Ryo / Hirato, Tohru / Sonoda, Hiroyuki / Minami, Kohtaro

    Molecular pharmaceutics

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 11, Page(s) 5901–5909

    Abstract: Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) make up a group of lysosomal storage diseases characterized by the aberrant accumulation of glycosaminoglycans throughout the body. Patients with MPSs display various signs and symptoms, such as retinopathy, which is also ... ...

    Abstract Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) make up a group of lysosomal storage diseases characterized by the aberrant accumulation of glycosaminoglycans throughout the body. Patients with MPSs display various signs and symptoms, such as retinopathy, which is also observed in patients with MPS II. Unfortunately, retinal disorders in MPS II are resistant to conventional intravenous enzyme-replacement therapy because the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) impedes drug penetration. In this study, we show that a fusion protein, designated pabinafusp alfa, consisting of an antihuman transferrin receptor antibody and iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS), crosses the BRB and reaches the retina in a murine model of MPS II. We found that retinal function, as assessed by electroretinography (ERG) in MPS II mice, deteriorated with age. Early intervention with repeated intravenous treatment of pabinafusp alfa decreased heparan sulfate deposition in the retina, optic nerve, and visual cortex, thus preserving or even improving the ERG response in MPS II mice. Histological analysis further revealed that pabinafusp alfa mitigated the loss of the photoreceptor layer observed in diseased mice. In contrast, recombinant nonfused IDS failed to reach the retina and hardly affected the retinal disease. These results support the hypothesis that transferrin receptor-targeted IDS can penetrate the BRB, thereby ameliorating retinal dysfunction in MPS II.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Blood-Retinal Barrier/metabolism ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Iduronate Sulfatase/metabolism ; Iduronate Sulfatase/therapeutic use ; Iduronic Acid ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II/drug therapy ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II/diagnosis ; Receptors, Transferrin ; Retinal Diseases/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Glycosaminoglycans ; Iduronate Sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.13) ; Iduronic Acid (3402-98-0) ; Receptors, Transferrin ; Ids protein, mouse (EC 3.1.6.13) ; Tfrc protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2138405-8
    ISSN 1543-8392 ; 1543-8384
    ISSN (online) 1543-8392
    ISSN 1543-8384
    DOI 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00736
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Complete Genome Sequencing of a Novel Strain of Sapelovirus A Circulating in Vietnam.

    Dang, Hoang Vu / Kato, Tomoko / Nishi, Tatsuya / Tran, Ha Thanh / Miyazawa, Kohtaro / Kokuho, Takehiro

    Microbiology resource announcements

    2019  Volume 8, Issue 37

    Abstract: Sapelovirus A (SV-A) is currently spreading as an enteric pathogen of pigs worldwide. We isolated SV-A strain XTND/2018 from the small intestine of a dead pig with severe diarrhea in the north of Vietnam and determined the genomic sequence. This is the ... ...

    Abstract Sapelovirus A (SV-A) is currently spreading as an enteric pathogen of pigs worldwide. We isolated SV-A strain XTND/2018 from the small intestine of a dead pig with severe diarrhea in the north of Vietnam and determined the genomic sequence. This is the first report of the genomic sequence of SV-A circulating in Vietnam.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2576-098X
    ISSN (online) 2576-098X
    DOI 10.1128/MRA.00959-19
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Macroscopic Thermodynamic Reversibility in Quantum Many-Body Systems.

    Faist, Philippe / Sagawa, Takahiro / Kato, Kohtaro / Nagaoka, Hiroshi / Brandão, Fernando G S L

    Physical review letters

    2020  Volume 123, Issue 25, Page(s) 250601

    Abstract: The resource theory of thermal operations, an established model for small-scale thermodynamics, provides an extension of equilibrium thermodynamics to nonequilibrium situations. On a lattice of any dimension with any translation-invariant local ... ...

    Abstract The resource theory of thermal operations, an established model for small-scale thermodynamics, provides an extension of equilibrium thermodynamics to nonequilibrium situations. On a lattice of any dimension with any translation-invariant local Hamiltonian, we identify a large set of translation-invariant states that can be reversibly converted to and from the thermal state with thermal operations and a small amount of coherence. These are the spatially ergodic states, i.e., states that have sharp statistics for any translation-invariant observable, and mixtures of such states with the same thermodynamic potential. As an intermediate result, we show for a general state that if the gap between the min- and the max-relative entropies to the thermal state is small, then the state can be approximately reversibly converted to and from the thermal state with thermal operations and a small source of coherence. Our proof provides a quantum version of the Shannon-McMillan-Breiman theorem for the relative entropy and a quantum Stein's lemma for ergodic states and local Gibbs states. Our results provide a strong link between the abstract resource theory of thermodynamics and more realistic physical systems as we achieve a robust and operational characterization of the emergence of a thermodynamic potential in translation-invariant lattice systems.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.250601
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  6. Book ; Online: Deformations of the Boundary Theory of the Square Lattice AKLT Model

    Martyn, John / Kato, Kohtaro / Lucia, Angelo

    2019  

    Abstract: The 1D AKLT model is a paradigm of antiferromagnetism, and its ground state exhibits symmetry-protected topological order. On a 2D lattice, the AKLT model has recently gained attention because it too displays symmetry-protected topological order, and its ...

    Abstract The 1D AKLT model is a paradigm of antiferromagnetism, and its ground state exhibits symmetry-protected topological order. On a 2D lattice, the AKLT model has recently gained attention because it too displays symmetry-protected topological order, and its ground state can act as a resource state for measurement-based quantum computation. While the 1D model has been shown to be gapped, it remains an open problem to prove the existence of a spectral gap on the 2D square lattice, which would guarantee the robustness of the resource state. Recently, it has been shown that one can deduce this spectral gap by analyzing the model's boundary theory via a tensor network representation of the ground state. In this work, we express the boundary state of the 2D AKLT model in terms of a classical loop model, where loops, vertices, and crossings are each given a weight. We use numerical techniques to sample configurations of loops and subsequently evaluate the boundary state and boundary Hamiltonian on a square lattice. As a result, we evidence a spectral gap in the square lattice AKLT model. In addition, by varying the weights of the loops, vertices, and crossings, we indicate the presence of three distinct phases exhibited by the classical loop model.
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ; Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ; Mathematical Physics
    Subject code 612
    Publishing date 2019-12-21
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Transnasal photoimmunotherapy with cetuximab sarotalocan sodium: Outcomes on the local recurrence of nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

    Omura, Go / Honma, Yoshitaka / Matsumoto, Yoshifumi / Shinozaki, Takeshi / Itoyama, Mai / Eguchi, Kohtaro / Sakai, Toshihiko / Yokoyama, Kazuki / Watanabe, Takane / Ohara, Akihiro / Kato, Ken / Yoshimoto, Seiichi

    Auris, nasus, larynx

    2022  Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 641–645

    Abstract: Photoimmunotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC-PIT) is a newly developed locoregional treatment targeting the epidermal growth factor. This treatment consists in administering cetuximab sarotalocan sodium that conjugates cetuximab with the dye ... ...

    Abstract Photoimmunotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC-PIT) is a newly developed locoregional treatment targeting the epidermal growth factor. This treatment consists in administering cetuximab sarotalocan sodium that conjugates cetuximab with the dye IRdye700DX, which is activated by near-infrared ray illumination at 690 nm. HNC-PIT has been conditionally approved in Japan in September 2020 for the treatment of unresectable locally advanced or unresectable locoregionally recurrent HNC. However, its outcomes on the local recurrence of the nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (NPSCC) remain undetermined. In this report, we assessed the effects of HNC-PIT assisted by transnasal endoscopy on the local recurrence of NPSCC. A 77-year-old male presented with a local recurrence of NPSCC. The initial diagnosis revealed a squamous cell carcinoma, T2N2M0 stage III, positive for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA by in situ hybridization, which was treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). However, local recurrence was detected 14 months after CRT. We performed HNC-PIT under transnasal endoscopy. Seven months have passed since the HNC-PIT treatment, and the patient is alive without delayed adverse events and evidence of recurrence. Local recurrence of NPSCC, which is difficult to treat with minimally invasive surgery, is considered a potential candidate for HNC-PIT.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Cetuximab ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Cetuximab (PQX0D8J21J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 604552-2
    ISSN 1879-1476 ; 0385-8146
    ISSN (online) 1879-1476
    ISSN 0385-8146
    DOI 10.1016/j.anl.2022.06.004
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  8. Article ; Online: Promotion of osteoclast differentiation and activation in spite of impeded osteoblast-lineage differentiation under acidosis: effects of acidosis on bone metabolism.

    Kato, Kohtaro / Morita, Ikuo

    Bioscience trends

    2013  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–41

    Abstract: The acidosis that accompanies many diseases and pathological conditions can promote osteoclast formation and activation. Acidosis mainly acts on the last phase of osteoclast formation to generate large osteoclasts and promote bone resorption. There are ... ...

    Abstract The acidosis that accompanies many diseases and pathological conditions can promote osteoclast formation and activation. Acidosis mainly acts on the last phase of osteoclast formation to generate large osteoclasts and promote bone resorption. There are several acid-sensing mechanisms, among which transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and G protein-related receptors have been focused on. TRPV4 channels appear to be, at least partly, implicated in acidosis-promoted large osteoclast formation. Other TRP channels including TRPV1 and TRPV2 might be components of the acid-sensing machinery. Several reports suggest the involvement of ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1), a G-protein-related acid sensor, in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expression via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). On the other hand, acidosis impairs osteoblast differentiation, which is further impeded in the presence of inflammatory cytokines.
    MeSH term(s) Acidosis/metabolism ; Acidosis/pathology ; Animals ; Bone Resorption/metabolism ; Bone Resorption/pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Lineage ; Humans ; Mice ; Osteoclasts/cytology ; RANK Ligand/genetics ; RANK Ligand/metabolism ; RANK Ligand/physiology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels/metabolism ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels/physiology
    Chemical Substances GPR68 protein, human ; RANK Ligand ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-02
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2543899-2
    ISSN 1881-7823 ; 1881-7815
    ISSN (online) 1881-7823
    ISSN 1881-7815
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  9. Article ; Online: Proton concentrations can be a major contributor to the modification of osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation, working independently of extracellular bicarbonate ions.

    Kato, Kohtaro / Matsushita, Misao

    Journal of bone and mineral metabolism

    2013  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–28

    Abstract: We established a system to separately analyze the role of protons and bicarbonate ions in vitro in which the pH of the medium was controlled by HEPES at various concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in the absence of carbon dioxide (CO2). Using ... ...

    Abstract We established a system to separately analyze the role of protons and bicarbonate ions in vitro in which the pH of the medium was controlled by HEPES at various concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in the absence of carbon dioxide (CO2). Using this system, we demonstrated that acidosis promoted osteoclast formation independently of extracellular NaHCO3 in a short-term culture. Protons and bicarbonate ions acted on osteoclast differentiation with opposite effects, the former positively and the latter negatively. The HEPES-based system maintained pH in the absence of extracellular NaHCO3 without CO2. Therefore, we could demonstrate that osteoblast differentiation was promoted at higher pH in a long-term culture system without NaHCO3 in which ALP activity and nodule mineralization were enhanced. This finding indicates that protons negatively control osteoblast differentiation independently of extracellular bicarbonate ions. However, the difference in the concentration of NaHCO3 did not have any influence on nodule mineralization. The opposite effects of protons, the promotion of osteoclast formation and the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation, were suppressed in the presence of 5 mM N-acetyl cysteine, a reagent activating the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), implying that ROS act on both systems, the promotion of large osteoclast formation and the deterioration of osteoblast formation under acidosis.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcysteine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Bicarbonates/pharmacology ; Bone and Bones/cytology ; Bone and Bones/drug effects ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Buffers ; Calcification, Physiologic/drug effects ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media/pharmacology ; Extracellular Space/drug effects ; Extracellular Space/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration/drug effects ; Ions ; Mice ; Osteoblasts/cytology ; Osteoblasts/drug effects ; Osteoblasts/metabolism ; Osteoclasts/cytology ; Osteoclasts/drug effects ; Osteoclasts/metabolism ; Protons ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels/antagonists & inhibitors ; TRPV Cation Channels/genetics ; TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Bicarbonates ; Buffers ; Culture Media ; Ions ; Protons ; RNA, Messenger ; TRPV Cation Channels ; Bucladesine (63X7MBT2LQ) ; Acetylcysteine (WYQ7N0BPYC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-16
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1295123-7
    ISSN 1435-5604 ; 0914-8779
    ISSN (online) 1435-5604
    ISSN 0914-8779
    DOI 10.1007/s00774-013-0462-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Five-year follow-up of a phase II study of DA-EPOCH-R with high-dose MTX in CD5-positive DLBCL.

    Miyazaki, Kana / Sakai, Rika / Iwaki, Noriko / Yamamoto, Go / Murayama, Kayoko / Nishikori, Momoko / Sunami, Kazutaka / Yoshida, Isao / Yano, Hiroki / Takahashi, Naoki / Okamoto, Akinao / Munemoto, Saori / Sawazaki, Aiko / Suehiro, Youko / Fukuhara, Noriko / Wake, Atsushi / Arai, Ayako / Masaki, Yasufumi / Toyama, Kohtaro /
    Yokoyama, Akihiro / Tsunemine, Hiroko / Hasegawa, Yuichi / Matsumoto, Kenji / Yamada, Tomomi / Nishimura, Yuki / Tamaru, Satoshi / Asano, Naoko / Miyawaki, Kohta / Izutsu, Koji / Kinoshita, Tomohiro / Suzuki, Ritsuro / Ohshima, Koichi / Kato, Koji / Katayama, Naoyuki / Yamaguchi, Motoko

    Cancer science

    2023  Volume 114, Issue 6, Page(s) 2689–2691

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Follow-Up Studies ; Rituximab/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects ; Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use ; Etoposide/therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin/therapeutic use ; Prednisone/adverse effects ; Vincristine/adverse effects ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Rituximab (4F4X42SYQ6) ; Cyclophosphamide (8N3DW7272P) ; Etoposide (6PLQ3CP4P3) ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG) ; Prednisone (VB0R961HZT) ; Vincristine (5J49Q6B70F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2115647-5
    ISSN 1349-7006 ; 1349-7006
    ISSN (online) 1349-7006
    ISSN 1349-7006
    DOI 10.1111/cas.15784
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