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Article ; Online: Update of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment guidelines: A turning point.

Vanino, Elisa / Granozzi, Bianca / Akkerman, Onno W / Munoz-Torrico, Marcela / Palmieri, Fabrizio / Seaworth, Barbara / Tiberi, Simon / Tadolini, Marina

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2023 Volume 130 Suppl 1, Page(s) S12–S15

Abstract: In December 2022 World Health Organization released a new treatment for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) guideline. The main novelty of this update is two new recommendations (i) a 6-month treatment regimen composed of ... ...

Abstract	In December 2022 World Health Organization released a new treatment for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) guideline. The main novelty of this update is two new recommendations (i) a 6-month treatment regimen composed of bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid (600 mg), and moxifloxacin (BPaLM) is recommended in place of the 9-month or longer (18-month) regimens in MDR/RR-TB patients, now including extensive pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB (except TB involving central nervous system, miliary TB and osteoarticular TB); (ii) the use of the 9-month all-oral regimen rather than longer (18-months) regimen is suggested in patients with MDR/RR-TB and in whom resistance to fluoroquinolones has been excluded. Longer (18-month) treatments remain a valid option in all cases in which shorter regimens cannot be implemented due to intolerance, drug-drug interactions, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, extensive forms of extrapulmonary TB, or previous failure. The new guidelines represent a milestone in MDR/RR-TB treatment landscape, setting the basis for a shorter, all-oral, more acceptable, equitable, and patient-centered model for MDR/RR-TB management. However, some challenges remain to be addressed to allow full implementation of the new recommendations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Rifampin/pharmacology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents ; Rifampin (VJT6J7R4TR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-12
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2023.03.013
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Article ; Online: Combining bedaquiline and delamanid to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Tadolini, Marina / Tiberi, Simon / Migliori, Giovanni Battista

The Lancet. Infectious diseases

2018 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 480–481

MeSH term(s)	Armenia ; Diarylquinolines ; Humans ; India ; Nitroimidazoles ; Oxazoles ; Retrospective Studies ; South Africa ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Chemical Substances	Diarylquinolines ; Nitroimidazoles ; OPC-67683 ; Oxazoles ; bedaquiline (78846I289Y)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2061641-7
ISSN	1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
ISSN (online)	1474-4457
ISSN	1473-3099
DOI	10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30106-3
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Article ; Online: World Tuberculosis Day 2023 theme "Yes! We Can End TB!"

Goletti, Delia / Al-Abri, Seif / Migliori, Giovanni Battista / Coler, Rhea / Ong, Catherine Wei Min / Esposito, Susanna Maria Roberta / Tadolini, Marina / Matteelli, Alberto / Cirillo, Daniela / Nemes, Elisa / Zumla, Alimuddin / Petersen, Eskild

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2023 Volume 130 Suppl 1, Page(s) S1–S3

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; World Health Organization
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-07
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.006
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Article: How We Treat Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Practical Guide for Clinicians.

Riccardi, Niccolò / Occhineri, Sara / Vanino, Elisa / Antonello, Roberta Maria / Pontarelli, Agostina / Saluzzo, Francesca / Masini, Tiziana / Besozzi, Giorgio / Tadolini, Marina / Codecasa, Luigi / On Behalf Of StopTB Italia

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 12

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and pulmonary TB (PTB) is the main variant responsible for fueling transmission of the infection. Effective treatment of drug-susceptible (DS) TB is crucial to avoid ...

Abstract	Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and pulmonary TB (PTB) is the main variant responsible for fueling transmission of the infection. Effective treatment of drug-susceptible (DS) TB is crucial to avoid the emergence of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics12121733
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of trace calls by Xpert MTB/RIF ultra for clinical management in low TB burden settings.

Amedeo, Alberto / Beci, Giacomo / Giglia, Maddalena / Lombardi, Giulia / Bisognin, Francesco / Chiarucci, Federico / Corsini, Ilaria / Dal Monte, Paola / Tadolini, Marina

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) e0272997

Abstract: Background: Clinical interpretation of trace results by Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Ultra) used as an initial diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB) may be challenging. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and epidemiology of trace readouts ... ...

Abstract	Background: Clinical interpretation of trace results by Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Ultra) used as an initial diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB) may be challenging. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and epidemiology of trace readouts in routine clinical practice in a low TB prevalence setting and to propose guidance on how to manage patients with trace calls considering the data available (clinical, radiological, bacteriological etc.). Materials and methods: A retrospective, observational, monocentric study was conducted at IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, Italy between November 2017-December 2020. Presumptive TB patients with at least one Ultra trace result during diagnostic workup before treatment were included in the study. Patients with ongoing anti-TB treatment at the time of the trace call result or with no clinical data available were excluded from the study. Results: Fifty-nine presumptive TB patients with Ultra trace readouts were included in the study (mean age 37.0 years, 61% males). Four patients had a history of TB in the last 2 years. Twenty-five (42.4%) of the 59 samples with trace results were respiratory material. 57/59 (96.6%) patients started anti-TB treatment soon after obtaining trace results, based on clinical, radiological or other information available, while for two patients with a recent history of TB the trace result did not lead to anti-TB treatment. Culture was positive for M. tuberculosis for 31/59 (52.5%) samples with trace calls: 13/25 (52.0%) were respiratory samples and 18/33 (54.5%) non-respiratory samples. The clinical and/or radiological findings of 47/57 (82.4%) patients given anti-TB therapy improved during treatment. Conclusion: In low TB incidence settings, Ultra trace calls in presumptive TB patients should be considered as true-positive and treatment should be started promptly, except in cases of recent history of TB, where careful evaluation of other diagnostic criteria is necessary before starting anti-TB treatment. A decisional algorithm for clinical management is proposed.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0272997
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Clinical Impact of Renin-angiotensin System Inhibitors on In-hospital Mortality of Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Tedeschi, Sara / Giannella, Maddalena / Bartoletti, Michele / Trapani, Filippo / Tadolini, Marina / Borghi, Claudio / Viale, Pierluigi

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2020 Volume 71, Issue 15, Page(s) 899–901

MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciaa492
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Article ; Online: Healthcare seeking patterns for TB symptoms: Findings from the first national TB prevalence survey of South Africa, 2017-2019.

Moyo, Sizulu / Ismail, Farzana / Mkhondo, Nkateko / van der Walt, Martie / Dlamini, Sicelo S / Mthiyane, Thuli / Naidoo, Inbarani / Zuma, Khangelani / Tadolini, Marina / Law, Irwin / Mvusi, Lindiwe

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) e0282125

Abstract: Background: Although tuberculosis (TB) symptoms have limited sensitivity they remain an important entry point into the TB care cascade.: Objectives: To investigate self-reported healthcare seeking for TB symptoms in participants in a community-based ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although tuberculosis (TB) symptoms have limited sensitivity they remain an important entry point into the TB care cascade. Objectives: To investigate self-reported healthcare seeking for TB symptoms in participants in a community-based survey. Methods: We compared reasons for not seeking care in participants reporting ≥1 of four TB screening symptoms (cough, weight loss, night sweats, fever) in the first South African national TB prevalence survey (2017-2019). We used logistic regression analyses to identify sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with healthcare seeking. Results: 5,168/35,191 (14.7%) survey participants reported TB symptoms and 3,442/5168 had not sought healthcare. 2,064/3,442(60.0%) participants intended to seek care, 912 (26.5%) regarded symptoms as benign, 399 (11.6%) reported access barriers(distance and cost), 36 (1.0%) took other medications and 20(0.6%) reported health system barriers. Of the 57/98 symptomatic participants diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB who had not sought care: 38(66.7%) intended to do so, 8(14.0%) regarded symptoms as benign, and 6(10.5%) reported access barriers. Among these 98, those with unknown HIV status(OR 0.16 95% CI 0.03-0.82), p = 0.03 and those who smoked tobacco products(OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.89, p = 0.03) were significantly less likely to seek care. Conclusions: People with TB symptoms delayed seeking healthcare, many regarded symptoms as benign while others faced access barriers. Those with unknown HIV status were significantly less likely to seek care. Strengthening community-based TB awareness and screening programmes together with self-screening models could increase awareness of the significance of TB symptoms and contribute to improving healthcare seeking and enable many people with TB to enter the TB care cascade.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/complications ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; HIV Infections/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0282125
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Article: Overview of fever of unknown origin in adult and paediatric patients.

Attard, Luciano / Tadolini, Marina / De Rose, Domenico Umberto / Cattalini, Marco

Clinical and experimental rheumatology

2018 Volume 36 Suppl 110, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–24

Abstract: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) can be caused by a wide group of diseases, and can include both benign and serious conditions. Since the first definition of FUO in the early 1960's, several updates to the definition, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches ... ...

Abstract	Fever of unknown origin (FUO) can be caused by a wide group of diseases, and can include both benign and serious conditions. Since the first definition of FUO in the early 1960's, several updates to the definition, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been proposed. This review outlines a case report of an elderly Italian male patient with high fever and migrating arthralgia who underwent many procedures and treatments before a final diagnosis of Adult-onset Still's disease was achieved. This case report highlights the difficulties in diagnosing certain causes of FUO that requires a very high index of suspicion. The main causes of FUO in paediatric and adult patients will be reviewed here, underlying the fact that a physician should also consider the possibility that a patient with FUO may have a monogenic autoinflammatory disease (AID). The identification of AIDs requires a careful evaluation of both history and clinical details that may reveal important clues to identify the correct aetiology. We also provide a comprehensive account of specific signs and symptoms that could suggest possible diagnoses and guide the work-up of FUO and non-genetic periodic fevers in children.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Arthralgia/etiology ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exanthema/etiology ; Fever of Unknown Origin/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pseudolymphoma/etiology ; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/complications ; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605886-3
ISSN	1593-098X ; 0392-856X
ISSN (online)	1593-098X
ISSN	0392-856X
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of trace calls by Xpert MTB/RIF ultra for clinical management in low TB burden settings.

Alberto Amedeo / Giacomo Beci / Maddalena Giglia / Giulia Lombardi / Francesco Bisognin / Federico Chiarucci / Ilaria Corsini / Paola Dal Monte / Marina Tadolini

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e

2022 Volume 0272997

Abstract: Background Clinical interpretation of trace results by Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Ultra) used as an initial diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB) may be challenging. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and epidemiology of trace readouts in ...

Abstract	Background Clinical interpretation of trace results by Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Ultra) used as an initial diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB) may be challenging. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and epidemiology of trace readouts in routine clinical practice in a low TB prevalence setting and to propose guidance on how to manage patients with trace calls considering the data available (clinical, radiological, bacteriological etc.). Materials and methods A retrospective, observational, monocentric study was conducted at IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, Italy between November 2017-December 2020. Presumptive TB patients with at least one Ultra trace result during diagnostic workup before treatment were included in the study. Patients with ongoing anti-TB treatment at the time of the trace call result or with no clinical data available were excluded from the study. Results Fifty-nine presumptive TB patients with Ultra trace readouts were included in the study (mean age 37.0 years, 61% males). Four patients had a history of TB in the last 2 years. Twenty-five (42.4%) of the 59 samples with trace results were respiratory material. 57/59 (96.6%) patients started anti-TB treatment soon after obtaining trace results, based on clinical, radiological or other information available, while for two patients with a recent history of TB the trace result did not lead to anti-TB treatment. Culture was positive for M. tuberculosis for 31/59 (52.5%) samples with trace calls: 13/25 (52.0%) were respiratory samples and 18/33 (54.5%) non-respiratory samples. The clinical and/or radiological findings of 47/57 (82.4%) patients given anti-TB therapy improved during treatment. Conclusion In low TB incidence settings, Ultra trace calls in presumptive TB patients should be considered as true-positive and treatment should be started promptly, except in cases of recent history of TB, where careful evaluation of other diagnostic criteria is necessary before starting anti-TB treatment. A decisional ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Crossborder travel and multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) in Europe.

Matteelli, Alberto / Centis, Rosella / Sulis, Giorgia / Tadolini, Marina

Travel medicine and infectious disease

2016 Volume 14, Issue 6, Page(s) 588–590

Abstract: The number of international migrants worldwide has continued to grow rapidly over the past fifteen years and the trend is expected to continue, making the health matters associated with migration a crucial public health challenges faced by governments ... ...

Abstract	The number of international migrants worldwide has continued to grow rapidly over the past fifteen years and the trend is expected to continue, making the health matters associated with migration a crucial public health challenges faced by governments and societies. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a paradigm of transmissible diseases that do not respect borders and poses a multifaceted and complex challenge on migrant health. The guiding principles for the health response are the respect of equity and human rights as well as the accurate analysis of epidemiological trends and determinants of TB in migrants. The action framework "Towards tuberculosis elimination: an action framework for low-incidence countries" includes regulations for cross border migration among the top eight interventions for TB elimination in low incidence countries. Political commitment is the essential requirement, and currently, the limiting factor, to draft regulations for cross-border collaboration, establish cross-border referral systems with contact tracing and information sharing. The e-platform TB Consilium hosted by European Respiratory Society in collaboration with World Health Organization - Euro is an example of a tool that can be used to exchange information for clinical management and surveillance.
MeSH term(s)	Emigration and Immigration ; Europe/epidemiology ; Global Health ; Humans ; Incidence ; Transients and Migrants ; Travel ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/transmission ; World Health Organization
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2170891-5
ISSN	1873-0442 ; 1477-8939
ISSN (online)	1873-0442
ISSN	1477-8939
DOI	10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.11.017
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