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Article ; Online: Experiences of fetal care, social support, and emotional functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic in women carrying a fetus with CHD.

Nigam, Priya / Gramszlo, Colette / Srivastava, Shubhika / Sood, Erica

2023 , Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Objective: To explore how the COVID-19 pandemic affected fetal care, social support, and emotional functioning for women carrying a fetus with CHD.: Method: This was a single-centre qualitative study of 31 women who received a prenatal diagnosis of ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To explore how the COVID-19 pandemic affected fetal care, social support, and emotional functioning for women carrying a fetus with CHD. Method: This was a single-centre qualitative study of 31 women who received a prenatal diagnosis of CHD during the pandemic. Patients completed semi-structured interviews about their experiences with fetal care, social support, and perceptions of risk to themselves and their fetus. Consistent themes regarding the impact of the pandemic were identified using an inductive thematic approach. Demographic data were collected via self-report and chart review. Results: Women generally reported consistent access to fetal care throughout the pandemic, with frequent use of telemedicine in addition to in-person care, but negative impacts resulting from restrictions on family support at appointments. Limited access to social support overall and a loss of pregnancy traditions were described. Many women reported feeling isolated and experiencing worries and fears about COVID-19 but also noted feeling supported by their healthcare team. Partner/family support during appointments and connection to peer-to-peer support were identified as recommendations to mitigate negative impacts. Conclusion: Women carrying a fetus with CHD during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced unique stressors that may affect mental health. However, many also experienced unexpected supports that may mitigate effects of pandemic-related stressors. Results can inform efforts to promote positive family outcomes during and following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1078466-4
ISSN	1467-1107 ; 1047-9511
ISSN (online)	1467-1107
ISSN	1047-9511
DOI	10.1017/S104795112300358X
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Article ; Online: Remote effects of kidney drug transporter OAT1 on gut microbiome composition and urate homeostasis.

Ermakov, Vladimir S / Granados, Jeffry C / Nigam, Sanjay K

JCI insight

2023 Volume 8, Issue 21

Abstract: ... deletion of such a key hub in the network results in compensatory interorganismal communication (e.g., host ...

Abstract	The organic anion transporter OAT1 (SLC22A6, originally identified as NKT) is a multispecific transporter responsible for the elimination by the kidney of small organic anions that derive from the gut microbiome. Many are uremic toxins associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). OAT1 is among a group of "drug" transporters that act as hubs in a large homeostatic network regulating interorgan and interorganismal communication via small molecules. The Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory predicts that genetic deletion of such a key hub in the network results in compensatory interorganismal communication (e.g., host-gut microbe dynamics). Recent metabolomics data from Oat1-KO mice indicate that some of the most highly affected metabolites derive from bacterial tyrosine, tryptophan, purine, and fatty acid metabolism. Functional metagenomic analysis of fecal 16S amplicon and whole-genome sequencing revealed that loss of OAT1 was impressively associated with microbial pathways regulating production of urate, gut-derived p-cresol, tryptophan derivatives, and fatty acids. Certain changes, such as alterations in gut microbiome urate metabolism, appear compensatory. Thus, Oat1 in the kidney appears to mediate remote interorganismal communication by regulating the gut microbiome composition and metabolic capability. Since OAT1 function in the proximal tubule is substantially affected in CKD, our results may shed light on the associated alterations in gut-microbiome dynamics.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Homeostasis ; Kidney/metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism ; Tryptophan/metabolism ; Uric Acid/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Membrane Transport Proteins ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Uric Acid (268B43MJ25) ; Slc22a6 protein, mouse
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2379-3708
ISSN (online)	2379-3708
DOI	10.1172/jci.insight.172341
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Article ; Online: Machine Learning and Deep Learning Applications in Magnetic Particle Imaging.

Nigam, Saumya / Gjelaj, Elvira / Wang, Rui / Wei, Guo-Wei / Wang, Ping

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI

2024

Abstract: In recent years, magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has emerged as a promising imaging technique depicting high sensitivity and spatial resolution. It originated in the early 2000s where it proposed a new approach to challenge the low spatial resolution ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has emerged as a promising imaging technique depicting high sensitivity and spatial resolution. It originated in the early 2000s where it proposed a new approach to challenge the low spatial resolution achieved by using relaxometry in order to measure the magnetic fields. MPI presents 2D and 3D images with high temporal resolution, non-ionizing radiation, and optimal visual contrast due to its lack of background tissue signal. Traditionally, the images were reconstructed by the conversion of signal from the induced voltage by generating system matrix and X-space based methods. Because image reconstruction and analyses play an integral role in obtaining precise information from MPI signals, newer artificial intelligence-based methods are continuously being researched and developed upon. In this work, we summarize and review the significance and employment of machine learning and deep learning models for applications with MPI and the potential they hold for the future. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1146614-5
ISSN	1522-2586 ; 1053-1807
ISSN (online)	1522-2586
ISSN	1053-1807
DOI	10.1002/jmri.29294
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Zs.A 3648: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 236: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Assessing coastal vulnerability at the village level using a robust framework, the example of Canacona in South Goa, India.

Nigam, Ritwik / Luis, Alvarinho J / Gagnon, Alexandre S / Vaz, Eric / Damásio, Bruno / Kotha, Mahender

iScience

2024 Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) 109129

Abstract: Climate change poses a significant threat to coastal regions worldwide. This study presents and applies a modified Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) to assess coastal vulnerability at the village level, focusing on Canacona, a taluka in South Goa, India. ...

Abstract	Climate change poses a significant threat to coastal regions worldwide. This study presents and applies a modified Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) to assess coastal vulnerability at the village level, focusing on Canacona, a taluka in South Goa, India. It adapts the existing CVI methodology by incorporating additional variables to better represent the various dimensions of vulnerability, resulting in 21 variables split into a Physical Vulnerability Index (PVI) and a Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI). The results show spatial variability in coastal vulnerability across the studied villages, with Agonda and Nagercem-Chaudi found to be highly vulnerable and Loliem to be the least vulnerable. A hydrological modeling approach is also used to compare the CVI of every village with their susceptibility to inundation due to rising sea levels. The results demonstrate the influence of local factors on vulnerability, challenging previous taluka-level assessments given the scale upon which adaptation typically takes place.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109129
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Article ; Conference proceedings: Efficacy and safety of Bowel Preparation Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nigam, G. / Tomar, A. / Abdulshafea, M. / Vance, M. / Din, S. / Sinopoulou, V. / Gordon, M. / East, J. E.

Endoscopy

2024 Volume 56, Issue S 02

Event/congress	ESGE Days 2024, Berlin, Germany, 2024-04-25
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	80120-3
ISSN	1438-8812 ; 0013-726X
ISSN (online)	1438-8812
ISSN	0013-726X
DOI	10.1055/s-0044-1783644
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Zs.A 669: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 162: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Risking one's life to save one's livelihood: Precarious work, presenteeism, and worry about disease exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Shoss, Mindy K / Min, Hanyi / Horan, Kristin / Schlotzhauer, Ann E / Nigam, Jeannie A S / Swanson, Naomi G

Journal of occupational health psychology

2023 Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 363–379

Abstract: ... insecurity were associated with presenteeism (e.g., general presenteeism as well as attending work with known ...

Abstract	The present study advances research on the negative consequences of precarious work experiences (PWE), which include perceptions of threats to one's job and financial security as well as a sense of powerlessness and inability to exercise rights in the workplace. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a backdrop, we examine how PWE relate to sickness presenteeism and worry about work-related COVID-19 exposure. In a 12-week, four-wave study of workers working fully in-person, perceptions of powerlessness and job insecurity were associated with presenteeism (e.g., general presenteeism as well as attending work with known or possible COVID-19 infection) and concerns about disease exposure at work. Whereas powerlessness primarily operated at the between-person level of analysis, job insecurity's effects emerged at both levels of analysis. A sense of powerlessness at work also predicted sending children to school/daycare sick. In sum, the findings suggest that precarity related to being able to keep one's job and a sense of powerlessness at work contribute to concerns about the risk of COVID-19 exposure at work and, simultaneously, behaviors that may contribute to the health risks faced by others. This research provides added support to the argument that precarious work should be addressed in order to improve both worker well-being and public health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Presenteeism ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Workplace ; Stress, Psychological
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1364901-2
ISSN	1939-1307 ; 1076-8998
ISSN (online)	1939-1307
ISSN	1076-8998
DOI	10.1037/ocp0000366
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Article ; Online: Allosteric inhibition of tRNA synthetase Gln4 by N-pyrimidinyl-β-thiophenylacrylamides exerts highly selective antifungal activity.

Puumala, Emily / Sychantha, David / Lach, Elizabeth / Reeves, Shawn / Nabeela, Sunna / Fogal, Meea / Nigam, AkshatKumar / Johnson, Jarrod W / Aspuru-Guzik, Alán / Shapiro, Rebecca S / Uppuluri, Priya / Kalyaanamoorthy, Subha / Magolan, Jakob / Whitesell, Luke / Robbins, Nicole / Wright, Gerard D / Cowen, Leah E

Cell chemical biology

2024 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 760–775.e17

Abstract: Candida species are among the most prevalent causes of systemic fungal infections, which account for ∼1.5 million annual fatalities. Here, we build on a compound screen that identified the molecule N-pyrimidinyl-β-thiophenylacrylamide (NP-BTA), which ... ...

Abstract	Candida species are among the most prevalent causes of systemic fungal infections, which account for ∼1.5 million annual fatalities. Here, we build on a compound screen that identified the molecule N-pyrimidinyl-β-thiophenylacrylamide (NP-BTA), which strongly inhibits Candida albicans growth. NP-BTA was hypothesized to target C. albicans glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase, Gln4. Here, we confirmed through in vitro amino-acylation assays NP-BTA is a potent inhibitor of Gln4, and we defined how NP-BTA arrests Gln4's transferase activity using co-crystallography. This analysis also uncovered Met496 as a critical residue for the compound's species-selective target engagement and potency. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies demonstrated the NP-BTA scaffold is subject to oxidative and non-oxidative metabolism, making it unsuitable for systemic administration. In a mouse dermatomycosis model, however, topical application of the compound provided significant therapeutic benefit. This work expands the repertoire of antifungal protein synthesis target mechanisms and provides a path to develop Gln4 inhibitors.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/genetics ; Candida albicans ; Structure-Activity Relationship
Chemical Substances	Antifungal Agents ; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases (EC 6.1.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2451-9448
ISSN (online)	2451-9448
DOI	10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.01.010
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Article ; Online: Using public clinical trial reports to probe non-experimental causal inference methods.

Steinberg, Ethan / Ignatiadis, Nikolaos / Yadlowsky, Steve / Xu, Yizhe / Shah, Nigam

BMC medical research methodology

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 204

Abstract: Background: Non-experimental studies (also known as observational studies) are valuable for estimating the effects of various medical interventions, but are notoriously difficult to evaluate because the methods used in non-experimental studies require ... ...

Abstract	Background: Non-experimental studies (also known as observational studies) are valuable for estimating the effects of various medical interventions, but are notoriously difficult to evaluate because the methods used in non-experimental studies require untestable assumptions. This lack of intrinsic verifiability makes it difficult both to compare different non-experimental study methods and to trust the results of any particular non-experimental study. Methods: We introduce TrialProbe, a data resource and statistical framework for the evaluation of non-experimental methods. We first collect a dataset of pseudo "ground truths" about the relative effects of drugs by using empirical Bayesian techniques to analyze adverse events recorded in public clinical trial reports. We then develop a framework for evaluating non-experimental methods against that ground truth by measuring concordance between the non-experimental effect estimates and the estimates derived from clinical trials. As a demonstration of our approach, we also perform an example methods evaluation between propensity score matching, inverse propensity score weighting, and an unadjusted approach on a large national insurance claims dataset. Results: From the 33,701 clinical trial records in our version of the ClinicalTrials.gov dataset, we are able to extract 12,967 unique drug/drug adverse event comparisons to form a ground truth set. During our corresponding methods evaluation, we are able to use that reference set to demonstrate that both propensity score matching and inverse propensity score weighting can produce estimates that have high concordance with clinical trial results and substantially outperform an unadjusted baseline. Conclusions: We find that TrialProbe is an effective approach for probing non-experimental study methods, being able to generate large ground truth sets that are able to distinguish how well non-experimental methods perform in real world observational data.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bayes Theorem ; Causality ; Propensity Score ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2041362-2
ISSN	1471-2288 ; 1471-2288
ISSN (online)	1471-2288
ISSN	1471-2288
DOI	10.1186/s12874-023-02025-0
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Article ; Online: A case of anterior scleritis in association with posterior scleritis - a diagnostic riddle.

Dastidar, Aditi Ghosh / Goel, Sugandha / Kundu, Debi / Biswas, Jyotirmoy / Nigam, Eesh / Sharma, Preeti

GMS ophthalmology cases

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) Doc01

Abstract: We herein report a case of a young female presenting with multiple nodular scleral abscesses mimicking infective scleritis with exudative retinal detachment. Repeated diagnostic scraping for microbiological and histopathological analysis was inconclusive. ...

Abstract	We herein report a case of a young female presenting with multiple nodular scleral abscesses mimicking infective scleritis with exudative retinal detachment. Repeated diagnostic scraping for microbiological and histopathological analysis was inconclusive. The patient's systemic and collagen disease work-up was non-contributory. She was treated with multiple surgical debridement and de-roofing of the abscesses along with antibiotic irrigation. Topical and oral steroid was stopped on worsening of the condition, and the patient was maintained on topical and oral antibiotics. Complete resolution of scleritis and exudative detachment was noted at 1 month follow-up and no recurrence was noted until 6 months.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2628607-5
ISSN	2193-1496 ; 2193-1496
ISSN (online)	2193-1496
ISSN	2193-1496
DOI	10.3205/oc000188
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Article ; Online: Psychosocial functioning deficits impact and are impacted by suicidal ideation in post-9/11 women veterans.

Lawrence, Karen A / Vogt, Dawne / Dugan, Adam J / Nigam, Shawn / Slade, Emily / Smith, Brian N

Journal of affective disorders reports

2022 Volume 9

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-9153
ISSN (online)	2666-9153
DOI	10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100361
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