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Article: Leptin.

Nedvídková, J

1997 Volume 46, Issue 4, Page(s) 182–188

Abstract: Leptin (ob-protein), a previously unknown protein signal, is secreted from adipose tissue, circulates in the blood, probably bound to a family of binding proteins, and acts on central neural networks, that regulate weight and energy homeostasis. Leptin ... ...

Title translation	Leptin.
Abstract	Leptin (ob-protein), a previously unknown protein signal, is secreted from adipose tissue, circulates in the blood, probably bound to a family of binding proteins, and acts on central neural networks, that regulate weight and energy homeostasis. Leptin provides a communication link between fat tissue and the brain. Ob protein appears to play a major role in the control of body fat stores through coordinated regulation of feeding behavior, metabolism, autonomic nervous system and body energy balance in rodents, primates and humans. Leptin levels have pulsative and diurnal character. In lean subjects with relatively low adipose tissue, the majority of circulating leptin is in the bound form. On other hand, in obese individuals the majority of leptin circulates in free form presumably bioactive protein, and thus obese subjects are resistant to free leptin. Leptin's resistance is often coupled with insuline resistance postreceptor type. Leptin receptor is product of db genes. Ob-protein receptor belongs to the cytokine superfamily of receptors and has several variants. Leptin-receptor gene is expressed in abundant degree in ovary, uterus, testes, less in hypothalamus, hypophysis, and little in kidney. Leptin stimulates the reproductive endocrine system and may serve as a permissive signal to the reproductive system of normal animals. Ob-gene product, leptin is regulated by feedings patterns and hormones, such as insulin and glucocorticoids. There is assumed that neuropeptide Y (NPY) and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and its receptor (MCR) are a critical components of the biological response to leptin levels. MCR in contrast to leptin receptors are coupled with G-transduction system.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Humans ; Leptin ; Obesity/genetics ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Proteins/genetics ; Proteins/metabolism ; Proteins/physiology
Chemical Substances	Leptin ; Proteins
Language	Czech
Publishing date	1997-12
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	419220-5
ISSN	1210-6313 ; 0009-0557
ISSN	1210-6313 ; 0009-0557
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Article ; Online: The role of sympathetic nervous system in the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema in spinal cord-injured rats.

Sedý, Jirí / Zicha, Josef / Nedvídková, Jara / Kunes, Jaroslav

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

2012 Volume 112, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–8

Abstract: The pronounced activation of sympathetic nervous system is a necessary prerequisite for the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) in rats with balloon compression of spinal cord. In this study we examined whether this is a consequence of rapid ... ...

Abstract	The pronounced activation of sympathetic nervous system is a necessary prerequisite for the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) in rats with balloon compression of spinal cord. In this study we examined whether this is a consequence of rapid activation of spinal pathways leading to sympathetic venoconstriction, blood pressure rise, and reflex bradycardia. We found that NPE development can be prevented by epidural upper thoracic anesthesia or by transection of the upper spinal cord. This indicates an important role of spinal pathways activation. NPE development can also be prevented by moderate blood loss, supporting the role of blood redistribution to pulmonary circulation. In rats developing NPE the catecholamine surge following spinal cord compression involved not only a dramatic increase of circulating norepinephrine but also of epinephrine levels. The pretreatment of rats with α-1 adrenoceptor blocker prazosin, α-2 adrenoceptor blocker yohimbine, or calcium channel blocker nifedipine prevented NPE development, whereas the effect of β-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol was less convincing. In conclusion, considerable activation of thoracic spinal pathways, followed by marked catecholamine secretion, play a major role in the development of NPE in spinal cord-injured rats. Enhanced α-adrenergic nifedipine-sensitive vasoconstriction is responsible for observed blood pressure changes, subsequent baroreflex bradycardia, and blood volume redistribution, which represent major pathogenetic mechanisms of NPE development.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biomarkers/blood ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Bradycardia/blood ; Bradycardia/physiopathology ; Epinephrine/blood ; Male ; Norepinephrine/blood ; Pulmonary Edema/blood ; Pulmonary Edema/etiology ; Pulmonary Edema/physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord Injuries/blood ; Spinal Cord Injuries/complications ; Spinal Cord Injuries/physiopathology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Thoracic Vertebrae
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Norepinephrine (X4W3ENH1CV) ; Epinephrine (YKH834O4BH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219139-8
ISSN	1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
ISSN (online)	1522-1601
ISSN	0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
DOI	10.1152/japplphysiol.00574.2011
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Article: Acipimox Administration With Exercise Induces a Co-feedback Action of the GH, PP, and PYY on Ghrelin Associated With a Reduction of Peripheral Lipolysis in Bulimic and Healthy-Weight Czech Women: A Randomized Study.

Smitka, Kvido / Nedvidkova, Jara / Vondra, Karel / Hill, Martin / Papezova, Hana / Hainer, Vojtech

Frontiers in endocrinology

2019 Volume 10, Page(s) 108

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2019.00108
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Article: Nedávno objevené hormony s úcastí v energetické homeostázi.

Krykorková, I / Nedvídková, J

Casopis lekaru ceskych

2003 Volume 142, Issue 2, Page(s) 80–83

Abstract: Adipocytal hormones resistin and adiponectin and gastric peptide ghrelin are recently discovered hormones, which are considered to take part in energy metabolism regulation. Resistin is expressed in adipose tissue only and its increased levels could ... ...

Title translation	Recently discovered hormones with a role in energy homeostasis.
Abstract	Adipocytal hormones resistin and adiponectin and gastric peptide ghrelin are recently discovered hormones, which are considered to take part in energy metabolism regulation. Resistin is expressed in adipose tissue only and its increased levels could cause insulin resistance and thus link obesity with type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin, as well as resistin, are products of genes, expressed in adipose tissue. Adiponectin could prevent development of aterosclerosis and it could play a role in anti-inflammatory reactions. Ghrelin is produced mainly in the stomach. Beside its role in long-term regulation of energy metabolism, it is involved in the short-term regulation of feeding. Main roles of resistin, adiponectin and ghrelin are summarised in the presented overview.
MeSH term(s)	Adiponectin ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Collagen ; Complement C1q ; Energy Metabolism ; Ghrelin ; Hormones, Ectopic/metabolism ; Hormones, Ectopic/physiology ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptide Hormones/metabolism ; Peptide Hormones/physiology ; Proteins/metabolism ; Proteins/physiology ; Resistin ; Stomach/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Adiponectin ; Ghrelin ; Hormones, Ectopic ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptide Hormones ; Proteins ; RETN protein, human ; RETNLB protein, human ; Resistin ; Complement C1q (80295-33-6) ; Collagen (9007-34-5)
Language	Czech
Publishing date	2003-04-11
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	413441-2
ISSN	1805-4420 ; 0008-7335
ISSN (online)	1805-4420
ISSN	0008-7335
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Article: The role of nitric oxide in the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus: experimental and clinical implications.

Haluzík, M / Nedvídková, J

Physiological research

2000 Volume 49 Suppl 1, Page(s) S37–42

Abstract: The overproduction of the free radical nitric oxide (NO) by activated immunocompetent cells with subsequent development of local oxidative stress is supposed to be one of the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of beta-cell damage during ... ...

Abstract	The overproduction of the free radical nitric oxide (NO) by activated immunocompetent cells with subsequent development of local oxidative stress is supposed to be one of the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of beta-cell damage during streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The blockade of increased NO production by simultaneous administration of NO-synthase inhibitors partially suppresses the hyperglycemia and the increase of glycated hemoglobin concentration. Here we summarize the current state of knowledge concerning the modulation of streptozotocin-induced diabetes development by treatment with NO-synthase inhibitors including the partial inhibition of the changes in serum leptin levels. The differences in the reaction to streptozotocin administration between wild type mice and inducible NO-synthase knockout mice are also discussed. The overproduction of NO during the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes is probably an important part of the complex autoimmune reaction which leads to the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Further clarification of the role of nitric oxide in streptozotocin-induced diabetes development could have important clinical implications.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism ; Erythrocytes/enzymology ; Erythrocytes/metabolism ; Leptin/blood ; Malondialdehyde/blood ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress
Chemical Substances	Leptin ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Malondialdehyde (4Y8F71G49Q) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39)
Language	English
Publishing date	2000
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1073141-6
ISSN	1802-9973 ; 0862-8408 ; 0369-9463
ISSN (online)	1802-9973
ISSN	0862-8408 ; 0369-9463
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Article: Serum visfatin levels in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Dostálová, I / Sedláčková, D / Papežová, H / Nedvídková, J / Haluzík, M

Physiological research

2008 Volume 58, Issue 6, Page(s) 903–907

Abstract: Visfatin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone shown to correlate with visceral fat mass in patients with obesity. Its possible role in patients with different types of eating disorders is unknown. We measured fasting serum levels of visfatin and leptin ... ...

Abstract	Visfatin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone shown to correlate with visceral fat mass in patients with obesity. Its possible role in patients with different types of eating disorders is unknown. We measured fasting serum levels of visfatin and leptin and surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity in 10 untreated patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), 10 untreated patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and 20 age-matched healthy women (C) to study the possible role of visfatin in these disorders. Patients with AN had severely decreased body mass index (BMI) and body fat content. BMI of BN group did not significantly differ from that of C group, whereas body fat content of BN group was significantly lower compared to C and higher compared to AN group, respectively. Serum glucose levels did not significantly differ among the groups studied, whereas serum insulin and leptin levels and HOMA index were significantly decreased in AN group relative to both C and BN group. In contrast, serum visfatin levels in both patients with AN and BN did not differ from those of C group. We conclude that circulating visfatin levels are not affected by the presence of chronic malnutrition in AN or binge/purge eating behavior in BN.
MeSH term(s)	Adiposity ; Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa/blood ; Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology ; Biomarkers/blood ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Bulimia Nervosa/blood ; Bulimia Nervosa/physiopathology ; Cytokines/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/blood ; Leptin/blood ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/blood ; Nutritional Status ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Blood Glucose ; Cytokines ; Insulin ; Leptin ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.12) ; nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human (EC 2.4.2.12)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-12-17
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1073141-6
ISSN	1802-9973 ; 0862-8408 ; 0369-9463
ISSN (online)	1802-9973
ISSN	0862-8408 ; 0369-9463
DOI	10.33549/physiolres.931680
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Article: Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein.

Nedvídková, J / Smitka, K / Kopský, V / Hainer, V

Physiological research

2005 Volume 54, Issue 2, Page(s) 133–140

Abstract: Adipose tissue is a hormonally active tissue, producing adipocytokines which may influence activity of other tissues. Adiponectin, abundantly present in the plasma increases insulin sensitivity by stimulating fatty acid oxidation, decreases plasma ... ...

Abstract	Adipose tissue is a hormonally active tissue, producing adipocytokines which may influence activity of other tissues. Adiponectin, abundantly present in the plasma increases insulin sensitivity by stimulating fatty acid oxidation, decreases plasma triglycerides and improves glucose metabolism. Adiponectin levels are inversely related to the degree of adiposity. Anorexia nervosa and type 1 diabetes are associated with increased plasma adiponectin levels and higher insulin sensitivity. Decreased plasma adiponectin levels were reported in insulin-resistant states, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes and in patients with coronary artery disease. Activity of adiponectin is associated with leptin, resistin and with steroid and thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, NO and others. Adiponectin suppresses expression of extracellular matrix adhesive proteins in endothelial cells and atherosclerosis potentiating cytokines. Anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of adiponectin and the ability to stimulate insulin sensitivity have made adiponectin an important object for physiological and pathophysiological studies with the aim of potential therapeutic applications.
MeSH term(s)	Adipocytes/metabolism ; Adiponectin/biosynthesis ; Adiponectin/chemistry ; Adiponectin/physiology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/metabolism ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism ; Atherosclerosis/prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance/physiology
Chemical Substances	Adiponectin ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Hypoglycemic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2005
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1073141-6
ISSN	1802-9973 ; 0862-8408 ; 0369-9463
ISSN (online)	1802-9973
ISSN	0862-8408 ; 0369-9463
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Article ; Online: Changes of plasma obestatin, ghrelin and NPY in anorexia and bulimia nervosa patients before and after a high-carbohydrate breakfast.

Sedláčková, D / Kopečková, J / Papežová, H / Vybíral, S / Kvasničková, H / Hill, M / Nedvídková, J

Physiological research

2010 Volume 60, Issue 1, Page(s) 165–173

Abstract: Peptides ghrelin, obestatin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) play an important role in regulation of energy homeostasis, the imbalance of which is associated with eating disorders anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). The changes in ghrelin, obestatin and NPY ... ...

Abstract	Peptides ghrelin, obestatin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) play an important role in regulation of energy homeostasis, the imbalance of which is associated with eating disorders anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). The changes in ghrelin, obestatin and NPY plasma levels were investigated in AN and BN patients after administration of a high-carbohydrate breakfast (1604 kJ). Eight AN women (aged 25.4+/-1.9, BMI: 15.8+/-0.5), thirteen BN women (aged 22.0+/-1.05, BMI: 20.1+/-0.41) and eleven healthy women (aged 25.1+/-1.16, BMI: 20.9+/-0.40) were recruited for the study. We demonstrated increased fasting ghrelin in AN, but not in BN patients, while fasting obestatin and NPY were increased in both AN and BN patients compared to the controls. Administration of high-carbohydrate breakfast induced a similar relative decrease in ghrelin and obestatin plasma levels in all groups, while NPY remained increased in postprandial period in both patient groups. Ghrelin/obestatin ratio was lower in AN and BN compared to the controls. In conclusions, increased plasma levels of fasting NPY and its unchanged levels after breakfast indicate that NPY is an important marker of eating disorders AN and BN. Different fasting ghrelin and obestatin levels in AN and BN could demonstrate their diverse functions in appetite and eating suppression.
MeSH term(s)	Anorexia Nervosa/blood ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Bulimia Nervosa/blood ; Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage ; Eating/physiology ; Female ; Ghrelin/blood ; Humans ; Neuropeptide Y/blood ; Postprandial Period/physiology
Chemical Substances	Dietary Carbohydrates ; Ghrelin ; Neuropeptide Y ; obestatin, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-10-15
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1073141-6
ISSN	1802-9973 ; 0369-9463 ; 0862-8408
ISSN (online)	1802-9973
ISSN	0369-9463 ; 0862-8408
DOI	10.33549/physiolres.931952
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Article: Application of in vivo microdialysis to measure leptin concentrations in adipose tissue.

Dostálová, I / Pacák, K / Nedvídková, J

International journal of biological macromolecules

2003 Volume 32, Issue 3-5, Page(s) 205–208

Abstract: Microdialysis is a relatively new in vivo sampling technique, which allows repeated collecting of interstitial fluid and infusion of effector molecules into the tissue without influencing whole body function. The possibility of using microdialysis ... ...

Abstract	Microdialysis is a relatively new in vivo sampling technique, which allows repeated collecting of interstitial fluid and infusion of effector molecules into the tissue without influencing whole body function. The possibility of using microdialysis catheter with a large-pore size dialysis membrane (100 kDa) to measure concentrations of the adipocyte-derived peptide hormone leptin in interstitial fluid of adipose tissue was explored. Krebs-Henseleit buffer with 40 g/l dextran-70 was used to prevent perfusion fluid loss across the dialysis membrane. The relative recovery of leptin in vitro was determined using CMA/65 microdialysis catheter (100 kDa cut-off, membrane length 30 mm; CMA, Stockholm, Sweden) and four perfusion rates were tested (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 microl/min). Furthermore, the microdialysis catheter CMA/65 was inserted into subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue of 11 healthy human subjects and leptin concentrations in the interstitial fluid of adipose tissue in vivo were measured. The present findings are the first documentation on the use of microdialysis to study local leptin concentrations in the interstitial fluid of adipose tissue.
MeSH term(s)	Adipocytes/chemistry ; Extracellular Fluid/chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Leptin/analysis ; Microdialysis/methods
Chemical Substances	Leptin
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-08-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/s0141-8130(03)00055-2
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Article: Plazmatické hladiny neuropeptidu Y, ghrelinu a leptinu a pacientek s anorexia nervosa a jejich zmeny po sestitýdenní realimentaci.

Beranová, L / Sedlácková, D / Kopecková, J / Hainer, V / Papezová, H / Kvasnicková, H / Nedvídková, J

Vnitrni lekarstvi

2009 Volume 55, Issue 10, Page(s) 925–928

Abstract: Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by markedly changes in hormone secretion influencing food intake, energy homeostasis and long-term body weight regulation. The aim of this study was to determine neuropeptide Y (NPY), ghrelin and leptin ... ...

Title translation	Neuropeptide Y, ghrelin and leptin plasma levels in anorexia nervosa patients and their changes during six-week refeeding.
Abstract	Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by markedly changes in hormone secretion influencing food intake, energy homeostasis and long-term body weight regulation. The aim of this study was to determine neuropeptide Y (NPY), ghrelin and leptin plasma levels and their changes after six weeks of nutritional-rehabilitation program in severely malnourished anorexia nervosa patients. Methods: Ten women with DSM-IV diagnosed anorexia nervosa, hospitalized (BMI 14.74 +/- 0.43; age 23.3 +/- 1.0) and ten age-matched healthy women (BMI 21.45 +/- 0.72; age 24.3 +/- 0.8) were enrolled to the study. Fasting plasma levels of NPY, ghrelin and leptin were measured before and after the treatment. Results: Fasting plasma ghrelin and NPY levels were significantly increased in AN patients comparing to healthy women, while plasma leptin was decreased. After six weeks of the treatment plasma ghrelin levels significantly decreased and plasma leptin levels increased. Plasma NPY levels didn't change during the treatment, average BMI significantly increased in AN patients. Conclusions: We confirmed that ghrelin and leptin plasma levels express actual nutritional status of a body and did change during the six-weeks refeeding in AN patients. Plasma leptin levels together with constantly increased NPY levels indicate to persisting dysregulation of appetite and body weight control mechanisms in AN patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa/blood ; Anorexia Nervosa/diet therapy ; Female ; Ghrelin/blood ; Humans ; Leptin/blood ; Neuropeptide Y/blood ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Ghrelin ; Leptin ; Neuropeptide Y
Language	Czech
Publishing date	2009-10
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138213-5
ISSN	1801-7592 ; 0042-773X
ISSN (online)	1801-7592
ISSN	0042-773X
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