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Article: Obesity-Related Epigenetic Changes After Bariatric Surgery.

Izquierdo, Andrea G / Crujeiras, Ana B

2019 Volume 10, Page(s) 232

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2019.00232
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Role of epigenomic mechanisms in the onset and management of insulin resistance.

Izquierdo, Andrea G / Crujeiras, Ana B

Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders

2019 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 89–102

Abstract: The prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) is increasing rapidly worldwide and it is a relevant health problem because it is associated with several diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Understanding the mechanisms ... ...

Abstract	The prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) is increasing rapidly worldwide and it is a relevant health problem because it is associated with several diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Understanding the mechanisms involved in IR onset and progression will open new avenues for identifying biomarkers for preventing and treating IR and its co-diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation are important factors that mediate the environmental effect in the genome by regulating gene expression and consequently its effect on the phenotype and the development of disease. Taking into account that IR results from a complex interplay between genes and the environment and that epigenetic marks are reversible, disentangling the relationship between IR and epigenetics will provide new tools to improve the management and prevention of IR. Here, we review the current scientific evidence regarding the association between IR and epigenetic markers as mechanisms involved in IR development and potential management.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers/chemistry ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Epigenomics/methods ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Insulin Resistance/physiology ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; RNA, Untranslated
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2185718-0
ISSN	1573-2606 ; 1389-9155
ISSN (online)	1573-2606
ISSN	1389-9155
DOI	10.1007/s11154-019-09485-0
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Article ; Online: Gender Dimorphism in Hepatic Carcinogenesis-Related Gene Expression Associated with Obesity as a Low-Grade Chronic Inflammatory Disease.

Izquierdo, Andrea G / Carreira, Marcos C / Rodriguez-Carnero, Gemma / Perez-Lois, Raquel / Seoane, Luisa M / Casanueva, Felipe F / Crujeiras, Ana B

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 23

Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) show clear evidence of sexual dimorphism, with a significantly higher incidence in males. Among the determining factors that could explain this sex-based difference, the ... ...

Abstract	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) show clear evidence of sexual dimorphism, with a significantly higher incidence in males. Among the determining factors that could explain this sex-based difference, the specific distribution of fat by sex has been suggested as a primary candidate, since obesity is a relevant risk factor. In this context, obesity, considered a low-grade chronic inflammatory pathology and responsible for the promotion of liver disease, could lead to sexual dimorphism in the expression profile of genes related to tumor development. When we compared the expression levels of genes associated with the early stages of carcinogenesis in the liver between male and female diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats, we observed that the expression pattern was similar in obese male and female animals. Interestingly, the
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232315002
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Article: Neuroinflammation alters GABAergic neurotransmission in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy, leading to motor incoordination. Mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Llansola, Marta / Arenas, Yaiza M / Sancho-Alonso, María / Mincheva, Gergana / Palomares-Rodriguez, Andrea / Doverskog, Magnus / Izquierdo-Altarejos, Paula / Felipo, Vicente

Frontiers in pharmacology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1358323

Abstract: Enhanced GABAergic neurotransmission contributes to impairment of motor coordination and gait and of cognitive function in different pathologies, including hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy. Neuroinflammation is a main contributor to enhancement ... ...

Abstract	Enhanced GABAergic neurotransmission contributes to impairment of motor coordination and gait and of cognitive function in different pathologies, including hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy. Neuroinflammation is a main contributor to enhancement of GABAergic neurotransmission through increased activation of different pathways. For example, enhanced activation of the TNFα-TNFR1-NF-κB-glutaminase-GAT3 pathway and the TNFα-TNFR1-S1PR2-CCL2-BDNF-TrkB pathway in cerebellum of hyperammonemic rats enhances GABAergic neurotransmission. This is mediated by mechanisms affecting GABA synthesizing enzymes GAD67 and GAD65, total and extracellular GABA levels, membrane expression of GABA
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2024.1358323
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Article: Food components affecting the epigenome: “Ergogenetic” aids for performance

Izquierdo, Andrea G / Portela, Manuel / Lorenzo, Paula M / Mallo, Federico / Crujeiras, Ana B

PharmaNutrition. 2020 Dec., v. 14

2020

Abstract: The interest in epigenetics has grown exponentially in recent years and this is because epigenetic marks are present in most life processes. It is known that the epigenome is determined by different environmental factors such as diet or exercise. For ... ...

Abstract	The interest in epigenetics has grown exponentially in recent years and this is because epigenetic marks are present in most life processes. It is known that the epigenome is determined by different environmental factors such as diet or exercise. For athletes, improving performance during physical activity or reducing recovery times after training are key priorities that are currently focusing on research in the world of sports. Nutritional strategies are important tools for this purpose, since more and more dietary supplements are used as ergogenic potentials. Therefore and given that nutrition modulates gene expression through epigenetic modifications, recent studies have aimed to elucidate possible epigenetic mechanisms responsible for the link between dietary supplements for athletes and improving performance during exercise. Thus, in this review we cite the latest most relevant studies carried out to date in relation to epigenetic marks associated with sports supplementation and performance.
Keywords	epigenetics ; epigenome ; exercise ; gene expression
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	2213-4344
DOI	10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100231
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Leptin, Obesity, and Leptin Resistance: Where Are We 25 Years Later?

Izquierdo, Andrea G / Crujeiras, Ana B / Casanueva, Felipe F / Carreira, Marcos C

Nutrients

2019 Volume 11, Issue 11

Abstract: Leptin, a hormone that is capable of effectively reducing food intake and body weight, was initially considered for use in the treatment of obesity. However, obese subjects have since been found to have high levels of circulating leptin and to be ... ...

Abstract	Leptin, a hormone that is capable of effectively reducing food intake and body weight, was initially considered for use in the treatment of obesity. However, obese subjects have since been found to have high levels of circulating leptin and to be insensitive to the exogenous administration of leptin. The inability of leptin to exert its anorexigenic effects in obese individuals, and therefore, the lack of clinical utility of leptin in obesity, is defined as leptin resistance. This phenomenon has not yet been adequately characterized. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying leptin resistance is of vital importance for the application of leptin as an effective treatment for obesity. Leptin must cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the hypothalamus and exert its anorexigenic functions. The mechanisms involved in leptin transportation across the blood-brain barrier continue to be unclear, thereby preventing the clinical application of leptin in the treatment of obesity. In recent years, new strategies have been developed to recover the response to leptin in obesity. We have summarized these strategies in this review.
MeSH term(s)	Adiposity/drug effects ; Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/physiopathology ; Capillary Permeability ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Humans ; Leptin/metabolism ; Obesity/drug therapy ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Obesity/psychology ; Signal Transduction ; Weight Gain/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Anti-Obesity Agents ; LEP protein, human ; Leptin
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu11112704
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Article ; Online: Claudin-1 as a novel target gene induced in obesity and associated to inflammation, fibrosis, and cell differentiation.

Fernández-García, Pablo / Taxerås, Siri D / Reyes-Farias, Marjorie / González, Lorena / Soria-Gondek, Andrea / Pellitero, Silvia / Tarascó, Jordi / Moreno, Pau / Sumoy, Lauro / Stephens, Jacqueline M / Yoo, Lindsey G / Galán, María / Izquierdo, Adriana / Medina-Gómez, Gema / Herrero, Laura / Corrales, Patricia / Villarroya, Francesc / Cereijo, Rubén / Sánchez-Infantes, David

European journal of endocrinology

2024 Volume 190, Issue 3, Page(s) 201–210

Abstract: Objective: T lymphocytes from visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissues (vWAT and sWAT, respectively) can have opposing roles in the systemic metabolic changes associated with obesity. However, few studies have focused on this subject. Claudin-1 ( ... ...

Abstract	Objective: T lymphocytes from visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissues (vWAT and sWAT, respectively) can have opposing roles in the systemic metabolic changes associated with obesity. However, few studies have focused on this subject. Claudin-1 (CLDN1) is a protein involved canonically in tight junctions and tissue paracellular permeability. We evaluated T-lymphocyte gene expression in vWAT and sWAT and in the whole adipose depots in human samples. Methods: A Clariom D-based transcriptomic analysis was performed on T lymphocytes magnetically separated from vWAT and sWAT from patients with obesity (Cohort 1; N = 11). Expression of candidate genes resulting from that analysis was determined in whole WAT from individuals with and without obesity (Cohort 2; patients with obesity: N = 13; patients without obesity: N = 14). Results: We observed transcriptional differences between T lymphocytes from sWAT compared with vWAT. Specifically, CLDN1 expression was found to be dramatically induced in vWAT T cells relative to those isolated from sWAT in patients with obesity. CLDN1 was also induced in obesity in vWAT and its expression correlates with genes involved in inflammation, fibrosis, and adipogenesis. Conclusion: These results suggest that CLDN1 is a novel marker induced in obesity and differentially expressed in T lymphocytes infiltrated in human vWAT as compared with sWAT. This protein may have a crucial role in the crosstalk between T lymphocytes and other adipose tissue cells and may contribute to inflammation, fibrosis, and alter homeostasis and promote metabolic disease in obesity.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Claudin-1/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Obesity/complications ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Claudin-1
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1183856-5
ISSN	1479-683X ; 0804-4643
ISSN (online)	1479-683X
ISSN	0804-4643
DOI	10.1093/ejendo/lvae018
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Article ; Online: Cost-effectiveness analysis of anti-IL-5 therapies of severe eosinophilic asthma in Spain.

González-Barcala, Francisco Javier / Muñoz-Gall, Xavier / Mariscal, Esther / García, Andrea / Yang, Shibing / van de Wetering, Gijs / Izquierdo-Alonso, José Luis

Journal of medical economics

2021 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 874–882

Abstract: ... while utilities and transition probabilities were retrieved from literature, e.g. network meta-analysis ...

Abstract	Aim: To analyse the cost-effectiveness of MEP with standard of care (SoC) versus other anti-IL-5 therapies approved for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) patients, within the Spanish National Health System (NHS) perspective. Methods: A Markov model with a 4-week cycle length was used to compare MEP with BEN and RES as therapies added to SoC in the management of SEA, in terms of cost per QALY gained and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Costs (€2019) were obtained from public sources, while utilities and transition probabilities were retrieved from literature, e.g. network meta-analysis. Continuation criteria for biological treatment and reduction of oral corticosteroids (OCS) was set at 50% minimum reduction of exacerbation rate. Adverse events related to chronic OCS use included diabetes, osteoporosis, cataracts, acute myocardial infarct, and peptic ulcer. The analysis was performed over a 5-year time horizon from the National Healthcare System (NHCS) perspective, with a yearly discount rate of 3% applied to both costs and QALYs. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis and univariate deterministic sensitivity analysis were performed to address uncertainty around the cost-effectiveness results. Results: On top of SoC, the model indicates that MEP is dominant (lower cost, higher benefit) compared to BEN and RES: For BEN and RES, respectively, treatment with MEP had a point estimate of 0.076 and 0.075 additional QALYs, and savings of €3,173.47 and €7,772.95 per patient. The findings were robust to variation as estimated using sensitivity analysis. Conclusions: MEP is a cost-effective treatment in comparison with BEN and RES added to SoC for patients with SEA in the Spanish setting.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones/economics ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Asthma/economics ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Eosinophilia/complications ; Humans ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Spain
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2270945-9
ISSN	1941-837X ; 1369-6998
ISSN (online)	1941-837X
ISSN	1369-6998
DOI	10.1080/13696998.2021.1941065
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Article: Leptin, Obesity, and Leptin Resistance: Where Are We 25 Years Later?

Izquierdo, Andrea G / Crujeiras, Ana B / Casanueva, Felipe F / Carreira, Marcos C

Nutrients. 2019 Nov. 08, v. 11, no. 11

2019

Abstract	Leptin, a hormone that is capable of effectively reducing food intake and body weight, was initially considered for use in the treatment of obesity. However, obese subjects have since been found to have high levels of circulating leptin and to be insensitive to the exogenous administration of leptin. The inability of leptin to exert its anorexigenic effects in obese individuals, and therefore, the lack of clinical utility of leptin in obesity, is defined as leptin resistance. This phenomenon has not yet been adequately characterized. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying leptin resistance is of vital importance for the application of leptin as an effective treatment for obesity. Leptin must cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the hypothalamus and exert its anorexigenic functions. The mechanisms involved in leptin transportation across the blood–brain barrier continue to be unclear, thereby preventing the clinical application of leptin in the treatment of obesity. In recent years, new strategies have been developed to recover the response to leptin in obesity. We have summarized these strategies in this review.
Keywords	food intake ; hypothalamus ; leptin ; obesity ; transportation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1108
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu11112704
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Article ; Online: Epigenetic Effects of Healthy Foods and Lifestyle Habits from the Southern European Atlantic Diet Pattern: A Narrative Review.

Lorenzo, Paula M / Izquierdo, Andrea G / Rodriguez-Carnero, Gemma / Fernández-Pombo, Antía / Iglesias, Alba / Carreira, Marcos C / Tejera, Cristina / Bellido, Diego / Martinez-Olmos, Miguel A / Leis, Rosaura / Casanueva, Felipe F / Crujeiras, Ana B

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)

2022 Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 1725–1747

Abstract: Recent scientific evidence has shown the importance of diet and lifestyle habits for the proper functioning of the human body. A balanced and healthy diet, physical activity, and psychological well-being have a direct beneficial effect on health and can ... ...

Abstract	Recent scientific evidence has shown the importance of diet and lifestyle habits for the proper functioning of the human body. A balanced and healthy diet, physical activity, and psychological well-being have a direct beneficial effect on health and can have a crucial role in the development and prognosis of certain diseases. The Southern European Atlantic diet, also named the Atlantic diet, is a unique dietary pattern that occurs in regions that present higher life expectancy, suggesting that this specific dietary pattern is associated with positive health effects. In fact, it is enriched with nutrients of high biological value, which, together with its cooking methods, physical activity promotion, reduction in carbon footprint, and promoting of family meals, promote these positive effects on health. The latest scientific advances in the field of nutri-epigenetics have revealed that epigenetic markers associated with food or nutrients and environmental factors modulate gene expression and, therefore, are involved with both health and disease. Thus, in this review, we evaluated the main aspects that define the Southern European Atlantic diet and the potential epigenetic changes associated with them based on recent studies regarding the main components of these dietary patterns. In conclusion, based on the information existing in the literature, we postulate that the Southern European Atlantic diet could promote healthy aging by means of epigenetic mechanisms. This review highlights the necessity of performing longitudinal studies to demonstrate this proposal.
MeSH term(s)	Diet ; Diet, Healthy ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Habits ; Humans ; Life Style
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2583634-1
ISSN	2156-5376 ; 2156-5376
ISSN (online)	2156-5376
ISSN	2156-5376
DOI	10.1093/advances/nmac038
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