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Article: Therapeutic approach for severe COVID-19 and immunocompromised patients. A case series.

Simioli, Francesca / Martino, Maria / Annunziata, Anna / Carannante, Novella / Fiorentino, Giuseppe

2021 Volume 33, Page(s) 101397

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is a potentially critical infectious disease. Inflammatory response and disease severity may vary according to immune system status. The aim of this case series is to investigate different presentation of COVID-19 in ... ...

Abstract	Background: COVID-19 is a potentially critical infectious disease. Inflammatory response and disease severity may vary according to immune system status. The aim of this case series is to investigate different presentation of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients. Methods: this is a single centre case series about 17 immunocompromised patients admitted to our respiratory department during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. White blood cell count, C reactive protein, interleukin 6, lymphocytic subpopulation count (CD4 Results: the most common causes of immunosuppression observed in our severe COVID-19 population are hematological malignancies, immunosuppressant drugs for transplant, primary immunodeficiency and inflammatory bowel disease. Onset symptoms were fever (88%), cough (53%), dyspnoea (24%), asthenia (35%), anosmia and/or ageusia (17%), expectoration (12%). Compared to benign conditions, patients with malignancies show a lower lymphocytic count (490 vs 1100 cells/uL) and higher interleukin 6 (33 vs 13 pg/mL). Conclusions: immunocompromised patients are at risk of adverse outcome from COVID-19. Hematological malignancies and anti-CD20 therapies induce a high risk. Primary immunodeficiency and classical immunosuppressant such as calcineurin inhibitors and antimetabolites share an intermediate risk.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2666110-X
ISSN	2213-0071
ISSN	2213-0071
DOI	10.1016/j.rmcr.2021.101397
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Article: Hospital Antibiotic Use during COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy.

Perrella, Alessandro / Fortinguerra, Filomena / Pierantozzi, Andrea / Capoluongo, Nicolina / Carannante, Novella / Lo Vecchio, Andrea / Bernardi, Francesca Futura / Trotta, Francesco / Cangini, Agnese

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 1

Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major issue in healthcare being correlated to global inappropriate use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to compare the data on hospital antibiotic consumption in 2020-2021 with those related to 2019 in ...

Abstract	Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major issue in healthcare being correlated to global inappropriate use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to compare the data on hospital antibiotic consumption in 2020-2021 with those related to 2019 in order to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic prescriptions and appropriate use at national level and in the different geographical areas. To estimate the consumption of antibiotics, two indicators were calculated: "number of DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day" and "number of DDD per 100 hospitalisation days". Consumption data on antibiotics dispensed in public health facilities were based on the Italian "traceability of medicines" information flow. Data on hospitalisation days were extracted from the Italian "hospital discharge form" flow. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the number of patients hospitalised for COVID-19 and the consumption of antibiotics in public healthcare facilities. During 2020, about 1.7 DDD/1000 inhabitants per day (12.3% of the overall consumption of reimbursed antibiotics) were dispensed exclusively in Italian hospitals (+0.8% compared to 2019). Considering the number of DDD per 100 hospitalisation days, consumption increased by 19.3% in 2020 compared to 2019. Comparing the first semester of 2020 and 2019, a decrease of DDD/1000 inhabitants per day was observed (-1.6%) at national level, with opposite trends in the different geographical areas; an increase in the use of azithromycin and carbapenems was also observed, with a stable consumption of third-generation cephalosporins. The use of antibiotics in the second semester of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019 showed a clear reduction at national level (-8.5%), appreciable to a similar extent in all geographic areas. In the first semester of 2021 compared to the same period of 2020, there was a huge reduction (-31.4%) in consumption at national level. However, the variations were heterogeneous between different geographical areas. To our knowledge, this study represents the most comprehensive analysis performed on antibiotic consumption data in hospital settings in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic to date. Despite international and national guideline recommendations, a substantial overall increase in antibiotic prescriptions was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with variability in terms of geographical distribution and prescription strategies. These findings may be related to the dichotomy between perceived and real significance of guidelines, expert panels, or consensus. Therefore, new approaches or strategies to antimicrobial stewardship should be proposed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics12010168
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Article ; Online: Decolonization of drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriers: A scoping review of the literature.

Mascolo, Annamaria / Carannante, Novella / Mauro, Gabriella di / Sarno, Marina / Costanzo, Mariantonia / Licciardi, Federica / Bernardo, Mariano / Capoluongo, Nicolina / Perrella, Alessandro / Capuano, Annalisa

Journal of infection and public health

2023 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 376–383

Abstract: The ESCMID-EUCIC guideline on decolonization of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria carriers does not recommend routine decolonization and highlights the necessity of well-powered and designed randomized clinical trials. Based on this limited ... ...

Abstract	The ESCMID-EUCIC guideline on decolonization of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria carriers does not recommend routine decolonization and highlights the necessity of well-powered and designed randomized clinical trials. Based on this limited evidence, we decided to conduct a scoping review with the aim of describing and discussing the last published studies investigating the efficacy and safety of decolonization therapies in drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriers. Studies published in PubMed from January 1, 2017 to December 28, 2021 were retrieved. A PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) framework was used for article selection as follows: Population defined as any patient of any age in any setting with screening sample yielding for drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Intervention defined as any decolonization; Controls defined as patients receiving no intervention (spontaneous decolonization) or a different decolonization therapy; Outcomes defined as a microbiological, clinical, epidemiological and adverse event. A total of 679 records were initially identified, of which 647 were excluded because they were not related to decolonization therapies. Other 18 records were excluded because not related to our aims, target bacteria, or study design. A total of 12 clinical studies were included, of which 4 were randomized clinical trials and 8 were non-randomized studies. The majority of studies evaluated selective decontamination of the digestive tract or selective oropharyngeal decontamination regimens. Selected studies were characterized by high heterogeneity. Further high-quality studies with proper design and sample size calculation are warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Gastrointestinal Tract/microbiology ; Bacteria ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2467587-8
ISSN	1876-035X ; 1876-0341
ISSN (online)	1876-035X
ISSN	1876-0341
DOI	10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.009
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Article: Late Reactivation of SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report.

Coppola, Antonietta / Annunziata, Anna / Carannante, Novella / Di Spirito, Valentina / Fiorentino, Giuseppe

Frontiers in medicine

2020 Volume 7, Page(s) 531

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae and the order Nidovirales (1). During December 2019, a series of pneumonia cases caused by a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak was identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and rapidly spread across the ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae and the order Nidovirales (1). During December 2019, a series of pneumonia cases caused by a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak was identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and rapidly spread across the world. The spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID 19) varies from asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic forms to clinical conditions characterized by respiratory failure that necessitate mechanical ventilation and support in an intensive care unit (ICU), multiorgan and systemic manifestations, and, in terms of sepsis, septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS) (2). Whilst many reports have characterized the clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological features, as well as treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, information on SARS-CoV-2 reactivation remains unreported. Curative and eradicative therapy for COVID-19 is not currently available (3). We report a case of a patient with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia who experienced reactivation after 43 days and negative PCR sampling.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2020.00531
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Article: Successful intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Lanza, Maurizia / Polistina, Giorgio Emanuele / Imitazione, Pasquale / Annunziata, Anna / Di Spirito, Valentina / Novella, Carannante / Fiorentino, Giuseppe

IDCases

2020 Volume 21, Page(s) e00794

Abstract: We describe a 42-year old woman, admitted to our Department after 15 days of persistence of respiratory failure and treated with infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin with a successful outcome. ...

Abstract	We describe a 42-year old woman, admitted to our Department after 15 days of persistence of respiratory failure and treated with infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin with a successful outcome.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2745454-X
ISSN	2214-2509
ISSN	2214-2509
DOI	10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00794
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Article: Prognostic Value of Fibrinogen among COVID-19 Patients Admitted to an Emergency Department: An Italian Cohort Study.

Di Micco, Pierpaolo / Russo, Vincenzo / Carannante, Novella / Imparato, Michele / Cardillo, Giuseppe / Lodigiani, Corrado

Journal of clinical medicine

2020 Volume 9, Issue 12

Abstract: Introduction: A highly pathogenic human coronavirus able to induce severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been recently recognized as the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); the disease became pandemic after a few months. Little is ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: A highly pathogenic human coronavirus able to induce severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been recently recognized as the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); the disease became pandemic after a few months. Little is still known about the laboratory prognostic markers in COVID-19 patients. The aim of our study was to describe the prognostic value of clotting parameters for the prediction of severe form of COVID-19 characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at hospital admission. Material and methods: From a large cohort of 152 patients consecutively admitted from February to March 2020 for fever and dyspnea to the emergency departments (ED) of three Italian hospitals, we evaluated 85 patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and 67 patients with acute illness. All patients underwent medical history checks, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation. Prothrombin time (PT), activated thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen and D-dimer tests were performed and compared, first, between COVID-19 and control groups, and then between COVID-19 patients with or without ARDS. Results: COVID-19 patients were more likely to show abnormal baseline levels of PT, aPTT, D-dimer, and fibrinogen at admission compared to the control group. COVID-19 patients with ARDS showed a statistically significant increase in levels of fibrinogen compared to those without ARDS (720 (621-833) vs. 490 (397.5-601.5); Conclusion: A serum level of fibrinogen of 617 mg/dL in COVID-19 patients admitted to emergency department may help to identify early those with ARDS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm9124134
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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia, a common cause of respiratory failure in patients with neuromuscular disorders.

Carannante, Novella / Annunziata, Anna / Coppola, Antonietta / Simioli, Francesca / Marotta, Antonella / Bernardo, Mariano / Piscitelli, Eugenio / Imitazione, Pasquale / Fiorentino, Giuseppe

Acta myologica : myopathies and cardiomyopathies : official journal of the Mediterranean Society of Myology

2021 Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 124–131

Abstract: Patients with neuromuscular diseases, during their illness are more susceptible to respiratory infections due to predisposing factors. Ineffective cough and the presence of atelectasis and hypoventilation, dysphagia and drooling can represent risk ... ...

Abstract	Patients with neuromuscular diseases, during their illness are more susceptible to respiratory infections due to predisposing factors. Ineffective cough and the presence of atelectasis and hypoventilation, dysphagia and drooling can represent risk factors for the development of respiratory infection and fatal respiratory failure. Infections of respiratory tract with acute respiratory failure are the most common reason for hospitalizations, and pneumonia is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The setting in which pneumonia is acquired heavily influences diagnostic and therapeutic choices. We will focus on aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in these subjects, particularly considering the disease severity, rates of antibiotic resistance and the possible complications. In this case consultations with specialized physicians are strongly recommended.
MeSH term(s)	Hospitalization ; Humans ; Neuromuscular Diseases/complications ; Neuromuscular Diseases/diagnosis ; Neuromuscular Diseases/therapy ; Pneumonia/complications ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pneumonia/therapy ; Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-30
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2102328-1
ISSN	2532-1900 ; 1128-2460
ISSN (online)	2532-1900
ISSN	1128-2460
DOI	10.36185/2532-1900-053
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Article ; Online: Pathophysiology of Vaccine-Induced Prothrombotic Immune Thrombocytopenia (VIPIT) and Vaccine-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis (VITT) and Their Diagnostic Approach in Emergency.

Di Micco, Pierpaolo / Camporese, Giuseppe / Cardillo, Giuseppe / Lodigiani, Corrado / Carannante, Novella / Annunziata, Anna / Fiorentino, Giuseppe / Russo, Vincenzo / Imbalzano, Egidio

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2021 Volume 57, Issue 10

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 induced a pandemic that is reported to have started in Asia and was then extended to other countries in the world. Main clinical aspects of this viral infection have been lung injuries with severe pneumonia requiring prolonged hospitalization ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 induced a pandemic that is reported to have started in Asia and was then extended to other countries in the world. Main clinical aspects of this viral infection have been lung injuries with severe pneumonia requiring prolonged hospitalization and associated morbidities such as venous thromboembolism and/or superinfection by bacteria, fungus or other pests. Immediately there was a need to develop a sustainable therapeutic strategy, such as vaccination. Vaccines against Covid-19, in fact, exert a protective action for common people and reduce viral diffusion. Yet, vaccination of a large number of people raises the question of a well-known complication of several types of vaccines; this complication is immune thrombocytopenia, which is sometimes associated with thrombosis as well. In this short review, we summarized mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia and vaccine-induced thrombocytopenic thrombosis.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Thrombosis ; Vaccines
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina57100997
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Article: Safety and Efficacy of a Single Procedure of Extraction and Reimplantation of Infected Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) in Comparison with Deferral Timing: An Observational Retrospective Multicentric Study.

Tascini, Carlo / Giuliano, Simone / Attanasio, Vittorio / Segreti, Luca / Ripoli, Andrea / Sbrana, Francesco / Severino, Sergio / Sordelli, Chiara / Weisz, Sara Hana / Zanus-Fortes, Agnese / Leanza, Gabriele Maria / Carannante, Novella / Di Cori, Andrea / Bongiorni, Maria Grazia / Zucchelli, Giulio / De Vivo, Stefano

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 6

Abstract: 1) Background: Infections are among the most frequent and life-threatening complications of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation. The aim of this study is to compare the outcome and safety of a single-procedure device ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Infections are among the most frequent and life-threatening complications of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation. The aim of this study is to compare the outcome and safety of a single-procedure device extraction and contralateral implantation versus the standard-of-care (SoC) two-stage replacement for infected CIEDs. (2) Methods: We retrospectively included 66 patients with CIED infections who were treated at two Italian hospitals. Of the 66 patients enrolled in the study, 27 underwent a single procedure, whereas 39 received SoC treatment. All patients were followed up for 12 months after the procedure. (3) Results: Considering those lost to follow-up, there were no differences in the mortality rates between the two cohorts, with survival rates of 81.5% in the single-procedure group and 84.6% in the SoC group (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics12061001
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Article ; Online: Decolonization of drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriers

Annamaria Mascolo / Novella Carannante / Gabriella di Mauro / Marina Sarno / Mariantonia Costanzo / Federica Licciardi / Mariano Bernardo / Nicolina Capoluongo / Alessandro Perrella / Annalisa Capuano

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 3, Pp 376-

A scoping review of the literature

2023 Volume 383

Abstract	The ESCMID-EUCIC guideline on decolonization of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria carriers does not recommend routine decolonization and highlights the necessity of well-powered and designed randomized clinical trials. Based on this limited evidence, we decided to conduct a scoping review with the aim of describing and discussing the last published studies investigating the efficacy and safety of decolonization therapies in drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriers. Studies published in PubMed from January 1, 2017 to December 28, 2021 were retrieved. A PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) framework was used for article selection as follows: Population defined as any patient of any age in any setting with screening sample yielding for drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Intervention defined as any decolonization; Controls defined as patients receiving no intervention (spontaneous decolonization) or a different decolonization therapy; Outcomes defined as a microbiological, clinical, epidemiological and adverse event. A total of 679 records were initially identified, of which 647 were excluded because they were not related to decolonization therapies. Other 18 records were excluded because not related to our aims, target bacteria, or study design. A total of 12 clinical studies were included, of which 4 were randomized clinical trials and 8 were non-randomized studies. The majority of studies evaluated selective decontamination of the digestive tract or selective oropharyngeal decontamination regimens. Selected studies were characterized by high heterogeneity. Further high-quality studies with proper design and sample size calculation are warranted.
Keywords	Decolonization therapy ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Scoping review ; Efficacy ; Safety ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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