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  1. Article ; Online: Longitudinal effect of nocturnal R-R intervals changes on cardiovascular outcome in a community-based cohort.

    Sankari, Abdulghani / Ravelo, Laurel Anne / Maresh, Scott / Aljundi, Nawar / Alsabri, Bander / Fawaz, Serene / Hamdon, Mulham / Al-Kubaisi, Ghazwan / Hagen, Erika / Badr, M Safwan / Peppard, Paul

    BMJ open

    2019  Volume 9, Issue 7, Page(s) e030559

    Abstract: ... cardiovascular diseases (CVD)). Whether heart rate changes measured by nocturnal R-R interval (RRI) dips (RRI dip index ...

    Abstract Rationale: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is strongly linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes (cardiovascular diseases (CVD)). Whether heart rate changes measured by nocturnal R-R interval (RRI) dips (RRI dip index (RRDI)) adversely affect the CVD outcomes is unknown.
    Objectives: To test whether nocturnal RRDI predicts CVD incidence and mortality in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study (WSCS), independent of the known effects of SDB on beat-to-beat variability.
    Methods: The study analysed electrocardiograph obtained from polysomnography study to assess the nocturnal total RRDI (the number of RRI dips divided by the total recording time) and sleep RRDI (the number of RRI dips divided by total sleep time). A composite CVD risk as a function of total and sleep RRDI was estimated by Cox proportional hazards in the WSCS.
    Results: The study sample consisted of 569 participants from the WSCS with no prior CVD at baseline were followed up for up to 15 years. Nocturnal total RRDI (10-unit change) was associated with composite CVD event(s) (HR, 1.24 per 10-unit increment in RRDI (95% CI 1.10 to 1.39), p<0.001). After adjusting for demographic factors (age 58±8 years old; 53% male; and body mass index 31±7 kg/m
    Conclusion: Increased nocturnal RRDI predicts cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, independent of the known effects of SDB on beat-to-beat variability. The frequency of RRDI is higher in men than in women, and is significantly associated with new-onset CVD event(s) in men but not in women.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Polysomnography ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030559
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Gonadal Hormonal Hunctions in Iraqi Wome

    Shatha Mekki / Nawar S. Mohammed

    مجلة كلية الطب, Vol 65, Iss

    2024  Volume 4

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had effects beyond the respiratory system, impacting health and quality of life. Stress-related to the pandemic has led to temporary menstrual pattern changes in around one-third of women. These changes, likely ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had effects beyond the respiratory system, impacting health and quality of life. Stress-related to the pandemic has led to temporary menstrual pattern changes in around one-third of women. These changes, likely driven by stress and anxiety, can result in problematic heavy bleeding, causing anemia and negatively affecting women's well-being. This also places a substantial socioeconomic burden on individuals, families, healthcare, and society. Objectives: This study examined the impact of COVID-19 infection on the hormone levels (estradiol, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone) and heavy menstrual bleeding in Iraqi premenopausal women infected for at least four months. Patients and Methods: This case-control study was conducted from November 2021 to April 2022, involving 100 married women aged 18 to 40. Participants were divided into two groups: 50 women with heavy bleeding post-COVID-19 infection (infection duration of at least four months) and 50 non-infected women. Results: Comparing the Mean ± SD of the two groups, showed that the LH levels were statistically highly significant in women who suffered heavy bleeding post-COVID-19 infection compared to non-COVID-19 women, with a p-value of 0.000. There was no statistically significant difference in FSH levels between the two groups. The PRL levels were significantly higher for women who suffered substantial bleeding following COVID-19 infection compared to non-COVID-19 women, with a p-value of 0.003. Moreover, The E2 was significantly higher in women who suffered excessive bleeding following COVID-19 infection than non-infected women. Conclusion: This study suggests that COVID-19 may temporarily disrupt menstrual patterns, possibly due to stress and anxiety affecting the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis. This disruption can manifest as elevated levels of gonad hormones (LH, PRL, and E2) and, in some cases, lead to heavy bleeding after a coronavirus infection. Received Oct. 2022 Accepted Oct. 2023 ...
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Gonads ; LH ; PRL ; E2 ; premenopausal women ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher College of Medicine University of Baghdad
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Combining mid infrared spectroscopy with stacked generalisation machine learning for prediction of key soil properties

    Nawar, Said / Mouazen, Abdul M.

    European Journal of Soil Science. 2022 Nov., v. 73, no. 6 p.e13323-

    2022  

    Abstract: ... the validation set was excellent for the three soil attributes, with coefficient of determination () and root ... g⁻¹ for OC, K, and P, respectively. The performance of DL models were good for OC ( = 0.65, and RMSE ... 0.17%), poor for K ( = 0.58 and RMSE = 7.59 mg 100 g⁻¹), and very poor for P ( = 0.46, and RMSE ...

    Abstract Accurate assessment of key soil attributes such as soil organic carbon (OC), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K) using mid‐infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) is essential for better soil management in precision agriculture. However, the calibration of the portable version of MIRS is more challenging than the benchmark technologies, hence, demanding more efficient modelling methods to provide accurate outcomes. This research aims to use the stacked generalisation machine learning (SG–ML) framework, combining support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosted regression (GBR), and random forest (RF), using linear ridge regression as a meta learner, for predicting OC, P, and K using MIR spectra of 375 soil samples collected from four farms (Flanders, Belgium). The performance of the SG–ML models was compared with the multilayer perceptron (MLP) deep learning (DL) method. Results showed the superiority of the SG–ML method over the corresponding single ML and DL models. The predictive performance of SG–ML using the validation set was excellent for the three soil attributes, with coefficient of determination () and root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.88% and 0.10%, 0.85 and 4.53 mg 100 g⁻¹, and 0.84 and 3.87 mg 100 g⁻¹ for OC, K, and P, respectively. The performance of DL models were good for OC ( = 0.65, and RMSE = 0.17%), poor for K ( = 0.58 and RMSE = 7.59 mg 100 g⁻¹), and very poor for P ( = 0.46, and RMSE = 6.57 mg 100 g⁻¹). The SG–ML reduced the prediction RMSE by 10% to 31%, compared with the single ML (SVM, RF, and GBR) models. In summary, the proposed stacking method is a powerful modelling tool for the accurate prediction of key soil attributes using portable MIRS. HIGHLIGHTS: Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models were developed based on mid‐infrared soil spectra. The stacked generalisation ML (SG–ML) was compared with ML and DL for predicting OC, P, and K. SG–ML models outperformed ML (GBR, RF, and SVM) and deep learning (DL) models. The SG–ML models significantly decreased RMSE by 10% to 31% compared with the single ML models.
    Keywords infrared spectroscopy ; neural networks ; phosphorus ; potassium ; precision agriculture ; prediction ; soil ; soil management ; soil organic carbon ; support vector machines ; Belgium
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-11
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1191614-x
    ISSN 1365-2389 ; 1351-0754
    ISSN (online) 1365-2389
    ISSN 1351-0754
    DOI 10.1111/ejss.13323
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: A microcomputed tomographic analysis of the morphological variabilities and incidence of extra canals in mandibular first molar teeth in an Egyptian subpopulation

    Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber / Mohamed Mohamed Elashiry / Shaimaa Mohamed Abu El Sadat / Nawar Naguib Nawar

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract A well-protected microbial habitat may be present in the root and canal morphology, which is varied and complicated. Before initiating effective root canal treatment, a detailed knowledge of the root and canal anatomical variances in each tooth ... ...

    Abstract Abstract A well-protected microbial habitat may be present in the root and canal morphology, which is varied and complicated. Before initiating effective root canal treatment, a detailed knowledge of the root and canal anatomical variances in each tooth is a must. This study aimed to investigate the root canal configuration, apical constriction anatomy, location of the apical foramen, dentine thickness, and prevalence of accessory canals in mandibular molar teeth in an Egyptian subpopulation using micro-computed tomography (microCT). A total of 96 mandibular first molars were scanned using microCT, and 3D reconstruction was performed using Mimics software. The root canal configurations of each of the mesial and distal root were classified with two different classification systems. The prevalence and dentin thickness around middle mesial and middle distal canals were investigated. The number, location and anatomy of major apical foramina and the apical constriction anatomy analysed. The number and location of accessory canals were identified. Our findings showed that two separate canals (15%) and one single canal (65%) were the most common configuration in the mesial and distal roots, respectively. More than half of the mesial roots had complex canal configurations and 51% had middle mesial canals. The single apical constriction anatomy was the most common for both canals followed by the parallel anatomy. Disto-lingual and distal locations of the apical foramen are the most common location for both roots. Mandibular molars in Egyptians show a wide range of variations in root canal anatomy with high prevalence of middle mesial canals. Clinicians should be aware of such anatomical variations for successful root canal treatment procedures. A specific access refinement protocol and appropriate shaping parameters should be designated for each case to fulfil the mechanical and biological objectives of root canal treatment without compromising the longevity of treated teeth.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Automated audit of hospital oxygen use devised during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Nawar Diar Bakerly / Ronan O'Driscoll

    BMJ Open Respiratory Research, Vol 10, Iss

    2023  Volume 1

    Abstract: Background The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has organised intermittent audits of hospital oxygen use in UK hospitals since 2008. Manual audits are time-consuming and subject to human errors. Oxygen prescribing and bedside observations including ... ...

    Abstract Background The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has organised intermittent audits of hospital oxygen use in UK hospitals since 2008. Manual audits are time-consuming and subject to human errors. Oxygen prescribing and bedside observations including National Early Warning Scores (NEWS2 scores) are undertaken within an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) at this hospital.Methods The hospital’s Business Information team were commissioned in late 2019 to devise a bespoke automated audit of oxygen prescribing and use. A summary report displays the oxygen saturation alongside the oxygen prescription status of every patient in the hospital except for critical care units which do not use NEWS2. The display has a ‘traffic-light’ colour scheme (green within target range, amber or red if below range or if above range on supplemental oxygen), with a graph showing oxygen use and saturation levels for patients with each prescribed target range. Clinicians can access raw data including oxygen saturation, oxygen device and flow rate for each individual patient.Results Over 51 audits involving 34 352 sets of observations, an average of 6.0% involved use of oxygen and 88.6% of these had a valid oxygen prescription. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, the monthly percentage of observations involving oxygen use increased to a peak of 10.4% followed by a rise to 10.6% during the second wave and 7.4% during the third (Omicron) wave. Oxygen use returned to baseline after each wave.Conclusions In hospitals with integrated EMRs, it is possible to automate all fundamental aspects of the BTS oxygen audits and to monitor oxygen use at individual patient level and a hospital-wide level. This could be particularly valuable during major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This methodology could be extended to other clinical audits where the audit questions relate to routinely collected EMR data.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Diseases of the respiratory system ; RC705-779
    Subject code 551
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Leatherby Libraries from Home

    Karas, Rachel / Nawar, Essraa

    Marketing Libraries Journal, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 178-

    Online and Social Media Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

    2021  Volume 201

    Abstract: Starting March 11, 2020, the day that Chapman University announced that classes would transition immediately to remote in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Leatherby Libraries dramatically shifted its marketing strategy and the use of social media ... ...

    Abstract Starting March 11, 2020, the day that Chapman University announced that classes would transition immediately to remote in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Leatherby Libraries dramatically shifted its marketing strategy and the use of social media to communicate with the student body, faculty, staff, and other community member followers. The Leatherby Libraries used social media during the COVID-19 crisis as both a means of communicating urgent messages to its patrons and also as a tool for engaging community members in the absence of traditional library tours, events, and exhibits.
    Keywords social media ; blog ; assessment ; newsletter ; case study ; Bibliography. Library science. Information resources ; Z
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Marketing Libraries Journal
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Automated audit of hospital oxygen use devised during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    O'Driscoll, Ronan / Bakerly, Nawar Diar

    BMJ open respiratory research

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has organised intermittent audits of hospital oxygen use in UK hospitals since 2008. Manual audits are time-consuming and subject to human errors. Oxygen prescribing and bedside observations including ... ...

    Abstract Background: The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has organised intermittent audits of hospital oxygen use in UK hospitals since 2008. Manual audits are time-consuming and subject to human errors. Oxygen prescribing and bedside observations including National Early Warning Scores (NEWS2 scores) are undertaken within an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) at this hospital.
    Methods: The hospital's Business Information team were commissioned in late 2019 to devise a bespoke automated audit of oxygen prescribing and use. A summary report displays the oxygen saturation alongside the oxygen prescription status of every patient in the hospital except for critical care units which do not use NEWS2. The display has a 'traffic-light' colour scheme (green within target range, amber or red if below range or if above range on supplemental oxygen), with a graph showing oxygen use and saturation levels for patients with each prescribed target range. Clinicians can access raw data including oxygen saturation, oxygen device and flow rate for each individual patient.
    Results: Over 51 audits involving 34 352 sets of observations, an average of 6.0% involved use of oxygen and 88.6% of these had a valid oxygen prescription. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, the monthly percentage of observations involving oxygen use increased to a peak of 10.4% followed by a rise to 10.6% during the second wave and 7.4% during the third (Omicron) wave. Oxygen use returned to baseline after each wave.
    Conclusions: In hospitals with integrated EMRs, it is possible to automate all fundamental aspects of the BTS oxygen audits and to monitor oxygen use at individual patient level and a hospital-wide level. This could be particularly valuable during major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This methodology could be extended to other clinical audits where the audit questions relate to routinely collected EMR data.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Oxygen ; Pandemics ; Hospitals ; Clinical Audit
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2736454-9
    ISSN 2052-4439 ; 2052-4439
    ISSN (online) 2052-4439
    ISSN 2052-4439
    DOI 10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001866
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Xeroderma Pigmentosum Complementation Group C (XPC): Emerging Roles in Non-Dermatologic Malignancies.

    Nasrallah, Nawar Al / Wiese, Benjamin M / Sears, Catherine R

    Frontiers in oncology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 846965

    Abstract: Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) is a DNA damage recognition protein essential for initiation of global-genomic nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Humans carrying germline mutations in ... ...

    Abstract Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) is a DNA damage recognition protein essential for initiation of global-genomic nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Humans carrying germline mutations in the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2022.846965
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The use of protective mechanical ventilation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the treatment of acute respiratory failure.

    Kingsley, Julian / Kandil, Omneya / Satalin, Joshua / Bary, Akram Abdel / Coyle, Sierra / Nawar, Mahmoud Saad / Groom, Robert / Farrag, Amr / Shah, Jaffer / Robedee, Ben R / Darling, Edward / Shawkat, Ahmed / Chaudhuri, Debanik / Nieman, Gary F / Aiash, Hani

    Perfusion

    2024  , Page(s) 2676591241227167

    Abstract: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) strikes an estimated two million people in the United States each year, with care exceeding US$50 billion. The hallmark of ARF is a heterogeneous injury, with normal tissue intermingled with a large volume of low ... ...

    Abstract Acute respiratory failure (ARF) strikes an estimated two million people in the United States each year, with care exceeding US$50 billion. The hallmark of ARF is a heterogeneous injury, with normal tissue intermingled with a large volume of low compliance and collapsed tissue. Mechanical ventilation is necessary to oxygenate and ventilate patients with ARF, but if set inappropriately, it can cause an unintended ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The mechanism of VILI is believed to be overdistension of the remaining normal tissue known as the 'baby' lung, causing volutrauma, repetitive collapse and reopening of lung tissue with each breath, causing atelectrauma, and inflammation secondary to this mechanical damage, causing biotrauma. To avoid VILI, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can temporally replace the pulmonary function of gas exchange without requiring high tidal volumes (V
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645038-6
    ISSN 1477-111X ; 0267-6591
    ISSN (online) 1477-111X
    ISSN 0267-6591
    DOI 10.1177/02676591241227167
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Fusion of Gamma-rays and portable X-ray fluorescence spectral data to measure extractable potassium in soils

    Nawar, Said / Richard, Florence / Kassim, Anuar M. / Tekin, Yucel / Mouazen, Abdul M.

    Soil & tillage research. 2022 Sept., v. 223

    2022  

    Abstract: ... ability with coefficient of determination () = 0.71, ratio of performance deviation (RPD) = 1.89, root ... than the corresponding wet-XRF PLSR model ( = 0.61, RPD = 1.64, RMSE = 48.8 mg kg⁻¹ and RPIQ = 1.84). The DF PLSR model ... on wet soils, resulted in a more accurate Kₐ predictive ability ( = 0.75, RPD = 2.03, RMSE = 31.3 mg ...

    Abstract The detection and mapping of plant-extractable potassium (Kₐ) using proximal soil sensing and data fusion (DF) techniques are essential to optimise K₂O fertiliser application, improve crop yield, and minimise environmental and financial costs. This work evaluates the potential of combined use of portable gamma ray and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for in field detection and mapping of Kₐ. After subjected to various pre-processing methods, spectral data were split into calibration (75%) and validation (25%) sets, and single sensor and DF models were developed using partial least squares regression (PLSR). Maps of Kₐ were used to present spatial variability of potassium across an 8.4 ha Voor de Hoeves target field, in Flanders, Belgium. Results showed that the gamma-ray PLSR model using wet soils had greater predictive ability with coefficient of determination () = 0.71, ratio of performance deviation (RPD) = 1.89, root mean square error (RMSE) = 31.7 mg kg⁻¹, and ratio of performance to interquartile range (RPIQ) = 2.36 than the corresponding wet-XRF PLSR model ( = 0.61, RPD = 1.64, RMSE = 48.8 mg kg⁻¹ and RPIQ = 1.84). The DF PLSR model on wet soils, resulted in a more accurate Kₐ predictive ability ( = 0.75, RPD = 2.03, RMSE = 31.3 mg kg⁻¹ and RPIQ = 2.79), compared to the individual gamma ray or XRF sensors in wet soils. The best accuracy was obtained with XRF spectrometer using dry samples ( = 0.77, RPD = 2.14, RMSE = 26.5 mg kg⁻¹ and RPIQ = 3.39). All Kₐ prediction maps showed spatial similarity to the corresponding measured maps in the target field. In conclusion, since DF increased the Kₐ prediction accuracy compared to the single sensor models using wet soils, it is recommended to be adopted in future studies as a potential solution for Kₐ measurement, mapping, and ultimately for site-specific K₂O fertilisation management. The XRF analysis of dry spectra is recommended as the best method for accurate measurement of Kₐ.
    Keywords X-radiation ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; crop yield ; fertilizer application ; fluorescence ; gamma radiation ; models ; potassium ; prediction ; research ; soil ; spectral analysis ; spectrometers ; tillage ; Belgium
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 406698-4
    ISSN 0167-1987
    ISSN 0167-1987
    DOI 10.1016/j.still.2022.105472
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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