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Article ; Online: Backing into the future: pharmacological approaches to the management of resistant depression.

Cowen, P J

2017 Volume 47, Issue 15, Page(s) 2569–2577

Abstract: Pragmatic studies indicate that a substantial number of depressed patients do not remit with current first-line antidepressant treatments and after two failed treatment steps the chance of remission with subsequent therapies is around 15%. This paper ... ...

Abstract	Pragmatic studies indicate that a substantial number of depressed patients do not remit with current first-line antidepressant treatments and after two failed treatment steps the chance of remission with subsequent therapies is around 15%. This paper focuses on current evidence for pharmacological treatments in resistant depression as well as possible future developments. For patients who have failed to respond to two antidepressant trials, augmentation with atypical antipsychotic drugs, specifically quetiapine and aripiprazole, has the best evidence for efficacy, though older treatments such as lithium and triiodothyronine still have utility. The striking antidepressant effect of ketamine in resistant depression has stimulated research into glutamatergic compounds; however, capturing the efficacy of ketamine with drugs suitable for continuous use has proved challenging. Growing knowledge of the pathophysiological role of inflammation in depression offers great opportunities for future treatment in terms of repurposing anti-inflammatory agents from general medicine and pre-treatment stratification of those depressed patients in whom such interventions are likely to be beneficial. Finally an older drug, the dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole, if used carefully may well improve the prospects of depressed patients who are refractory to current approaches.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant/drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antidepressive Agents ; Neurotransmitter Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	217420-0
ISSN	1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
ISSN (online)	1469-8978
ISSN	0033-2917
DOI	10.1017/S003329171700068X
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Article ; Online: Plastic Surgeons Are Underrepresented When Searching Hospital Websites for a Hand Surgeon.

Awad, Shadi K / Cowen, Jeb / Patel, Jason / Aluri, Akshay K / Ananthasekar, Shivani / Singh, Nikhi P / Boyd, Carter J / King, Timothy W

Plastic and reconstructive surgery

2023 Volume 151, Issue 6, Page(s) 1055e–1058e

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Surgeons ; Surgery, Plastic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208012-6
ISSN	1529-4242 ; 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
ISSN (online)	1529-4242
ISSN	0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
DOI	10.1097/PRS.0000000000010177
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Article ; Online: Acetonyl Peroxy and Hydroperoxy Self- and Cross-Reactions: Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Parameters, Branching Fractions, and Chaperone Effects.

Zuraski, Kristen / Grieman, Fred J / Hui, Aileen O / Cowen, Julia / Winiberg, Frank A F / Percival, Carl J / Okumura, Mitchio / Sander, Stanley P

The journal of physical chemistry. A

2023 Volume 127, Issue 37, Page(s) 7772–7792

Abstract: The temperature-dependent kinetic parameters, branching fractions, and chaperone effects of the self- and cross-reactions between acetonyl peroxy ( ... ...

Abstract	The temperature-dependent kinetic parameters, branching fractions, and chaperone effects of the self- and cross-reactions between acetonyl peroxy (CH
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1520-5215
ISSN (online)	1520-5215
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03660
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Article ; Online: Honey authenticity: the opacity of analytical reports - part 1 defining the problem.

Walker, M J / Cowen, S / Gray, K / Hancock, P / Burns, D T

NPJ science of food

2022 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 11

Abstract: The composition of honey, a complex natural product, challenges analytical methods attempting to determine its authenticity particularly in the face of sophisticated adulteration. Of the advanced analytical techniques available, only isotope ratio mass ... ...

Abstract	The composition of honey, a complex natural product, challenges analytical methods attempting to determine its authenticity particularly in the face of sophisticated adulteration. Of the advanced analytical techniques available, only isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is generally accepted for its reproducibility and ability to detect certain added sugars, with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) being subject to stakeholder differences of opinion. Herein, recent reviews of honey adulteration and the techniques to detect it are summarised in the light of which analytical reports are examined that underpinned a media article in late 2020 alleging foreign sugars in UK retailers' own brand honeys. The requirement for multiple analytical techniques leads to complex reports from which it is difficult to draw an overarching and unequivocal authenticity opinion. Thus arose two questions. (1) Is it acceptable to report an adverse interpretation without exhibiting all the supporting data? (2) How may a valid overarching authenticity opinion be derived from a large partially conflicting dataset?
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2396-8370
ISSN (online)	2396-8370
DOI	10.1038/s41538-022-00126-6
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Article ; Online: Honey authenticity: the opacity of analytical reports-part 2, forensic evaluative reporting as a potential solution.

Walker, M J / Cowen, S / Gray, K / Hancock, P / Burns, D T

NPJ science of food

2022 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 12

Abstract: The analytical techniques applied to verify honey authenticity are multifaceted and often result in complex data rich certificates of analysis that are open to interpretation and may be opaque to stakeholders without specialist knowledge. In these cases, ...

Abstract	The analytical techniques applied to verify honey authenticity are multifaceted and often result in complex data rich certificates of analysis that are open to interpretation and may be opaque to stakeholders without specialist knowledge. In these cases, the drawing of an independent overarching opinion is challenging. Two questions arise: (Q1) Is it acceptable to report interpretation, particularly if it is adverse, without exhibiting the supporting data? (Q2) How may a valid overarching opinion on authenticity be derived from a large, partially conflicting, dataset? To Q1, it is demonstrated that full disclosure of the data used in interpretation is mandatory. To Q2 it is proposed, with worked examples, to adopt 'evaluative reporting'; a formalised likelihood ratio thought process used in forensic science for evaluation of findings and their strength assessment. In the absence of consensus on techniques for honey authenticity adoption of reporting conventions will allow objective assessments of reports, with equity to all and provide a better basis to identify and address fraud.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2396-8370
ISSN (online)	2396-8370
DOI	10.1038/s41538-022-00127-5
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Article: How do drugs for psychiatric disorders work?

Harmer, C J / Cowen, P J

Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences

2017 Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 141–142

MeSH term(s)	Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology ; Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/drug therapy ; Psychopharmacology
Chemical Substances	Antidepressive Agents ; Antipsychotic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2607964-1
ISSN	2045-7979 ; 2045-7960
ISSN (online)	2045-7979
ISSN	2045-7960
DOI	10.1017/S204579601700066X
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Article ; Online: Enhanced Taste Recognition Following Subacute Treatment With The Dopamine D2/D3 Receptor Agonist Pramipexole in Healthy Volunteers.

Kaltenboeck, Alexander / Halahakoon, Don Chamith / Harmer, Catherine J / Cowen, Philip / Browning, Michael

The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology

2022 Volume 25, Issue 9, Page(s) 720–726

Abstract: ... 14.0, medianplacebo = 13.0, U = 264.5, P = .04). This was driven by a higher sensitivity for taste ...

Abstract	Background: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show impaired performance in taste recognition tests, which suggests a possible dopaminergic influence on gustatory functioning. To experimentally test this hypothesis, we assessed whether pharmacological manipulation of dopaminergic signaling in healthy volunteers can affect performance in a standardized taste recognition test. Methods: Physically and mentally healthy volunteers (n = 40, age 18-43 years) were randomly allocated to treatment with either pramipexole or placebo using a double-blind, parallel-group design. After 12 to 15 days of treatment (dose titrated up from 0.25 mg/d of pramipexole salt to 1.0 mg/d), taste recognition performance was assessed using a standardized and validated assay (taste strip test). Additionally, visual analogue scale ratings of subjective pleasantness and disgustingness of taste samples were obtained. Results: Compared with the placebo group, participants receiving pramipexole showed significantly higher total recognition accuracy (medianpramipexole = 14.0, medianplacebo = 13.0, U = 264.5, P = .04). This was driven by a higher sensitivity for taste in the pramipexole group. Exploratory analysis of pleasantness and disgustingness ratings of appetitive (sweet) vs aversive (bitter) stimuli suggested that pramipexole treatment was associated with overall blunted hedonic responses, but this effect did not survive the inclusion of nausea (a side effect of treatment) as a covariate in the analysis. Conclusions: Healthy volunteers who received subacute pramipexole treatment exhibited higher taste recognition performance compared with the placebo group. This finding is consistent with a proposed role of the dopaminergic system in gustatory functioning and could have important theoretical and clinical implications.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Benzothiazoles/adverse effects ; Dopamine ; Dopamine Agonists/adverse effects ; Double-Blind Method ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Pramipexole ; Receptors, Dopamine D3/agonists ; Taste ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Benzothiazoles ; Dopamine Agonists ; Receptors, Dopamine D3 ; Pramipexole (83619PEU5T) ; Dopamine (VTD58H1Z2X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1440129-0
ISSN	1469-5111 ; 1461-1457
ISSN (online)	1469-5111
ISSN	1461-1457
DOI	10.1093/ijnp/pyac030
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Article ; Online: Cluster randomized control trial of nursing home residents' oral hygiene following the Mouth Care Matters education program for certified nursing assistants.

Hartshorn, Jennifer E / Cowen, Howard J / Comnick, Carissa L

Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry

2021 Volume 41, Issue 3, Page(s) 372–380

Abstract: ... and NF-C (P < .001 and P = .002 respectively) and gingival bleeding index for NF-A were significantly ... reduced compared to NF-B and NF-C (P = .002 and P < .001 respectively).: Conclusion: Increasing ...

Abstract	Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine if the number of certified nursing assistants (CNAs) trained with the Mouth Care Matters (MCM) oral health educational program had an impact on nursing facility (NF) resident oral health. Materials and methods: Three NFs participated in a cluster randomized control trial. In NF-A: all CNAs were offered the MCM program, NF-B: 3 CNAs were offered the MCM program, and NF-C: Control (no CNAs were offered the MCM program). Demographic information, systemic health data, and oral health data at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month intervals were collected and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon signed-rank and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. A total of 24 dentate residents participated in this study. Plaque control record scores for NF-A were significantly reduced compared to NF-B and NF-C (P < .001 and P = .002 respectively) and gingival bleeding index for NF-A were significantly reduced compared to NF-B and NF-C (P = .002 and P < .001 respectively). Conclusion: Increasing the number of CNA's trained in the Mouth Care Matters educational program positively impacted NF residents' oral hygiene.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mouth ; Nursing Assistants ; Nursing Homes ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	604118-8
ISSN	1754-4505 ; 0275-1879
ISSN (online)	1754-4505
ISSN	0275-1879
DOI	10.1111/scd.12577
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Article ; Online: Effect of the NMDA receptor partial agonist, d-cycloserine, on emotional processing and autobiographical memory.

Chen, Runsen / Capitão, Liliana P / Cowen, Philip J / Harmer, Catherine J

Psychological medicine

2020 Volume 51, Issue 15, Page(s) 2657–2665

Abstract: Background: Studies suggest that d-cycloserine (DCS) may have antidepressant potential through its interaction with the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; however, clinical evidence of DCS's efficacy as a treatment for depression is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Studies suggest that d-cycloserine (DCS) may have antidepressant potential through its interaction with the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; however, clinical evidence of DCS's efficacy as a treatment for depression is limited. Other evidence suggests that DCS affects emotional learning which may also be relevant for the treatment of depression and anxiety. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the effect of DCS on emotional processing in healthy volunteers and to further characterise its effects on emotional and autobiographical memory. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers were randomly allocated to a single dose of 250 mg DCS or placebo in a double-blind design. Three hours later, participants performed an Emotional Test Battery [including Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT), Emotional Categorisation Task (ECAT), Emotional Recall Task (EREC), Facial Dot-Probe Task (FDOT) and Emotional Recognition Memory Task (EMEM)] and an Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT). Also, participants performed the FERT, EREC and AMT tasks again after 24 h in order to assess longer lasting effects of a single dose of DCS. Results: DCS did not significantly affect the FERT, EMEM and FDOT performance but significantly increased emotional memory and classification for positive words v. negative words. Also, DCS enhanced the retrieval of more specific autobiographical memories, and this effect persisted at 24 h. Conclusions: These findings support the suggestion that low-dose DCS increases specific autobiographical memory retrieval and positive emotional memory. Such effects make it an intriguing agent for further investigation in clinical depression, which is characterised by decreased autobiographical memory specificity and increased negative bias in memory recall. It also underscores the potential role of DCS as an adjunct to cognitive behavioural therapy in depression.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Cycloserine/pharmacology ; Double-Blind Method ; Emotions/drug effects ; Facial Recognition/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory, Episodic ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; Cycloserine (95IK5KI84Z)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	217420-0
ISSN	1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
ISSN (online)	1469-8978
ISSN	0033-2917
DOI	10.1017/S0033291720001221
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Article: Computational Efficiency and Precision for Replicated-Count and Batch-Marked Hidden Population Models.

Parker, Matthew R P / Cowen, Laura L E / Cao, Jiguo / Elliott, Lloyd T

Journal of agricultural, biological, and environmental statistics

2022 Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–58

Abstract: We address two computational issues common to open- ... ...

Abstract	We address two computational issues common to open-population
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1324615-x
ISSN	1537-2693 ; 1085-7117
ISSN (online)	1537-2693
ISSN	1085-7117
DOI	10.1007/s13253-022-00509-y
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