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  1. Article ; Online: Aerosol generation from high speed ophthalmic instrumentation and the risk of contamination from SARS COVID19.

    Koshy, Zachariah R / Dickie, David

    Eye (London, England)

    2020  Volume 34, Issue 11, Page(s) 1954–1955

    MeSH term(s) Aerosols ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
    Chemical Substances Aerosols
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 91001-6
    ISSN 1476-5454 ; 0950-222X
    ISSN (online) 1476-5454
    ISSN 0950-222X
    DOI 10.1038/s41433-020-1000-3
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  3. Article ; Online: Aerosol generation from high speed ophthalmic instrumentation and the risk of contamination from SARS COVID19

    Koshy, Zachariah R. / Dickie, David

    Eye ; ISSN 0950-222X 1476-5454

    2020  

    Keywords Ophthalmology ; General Arts and Humanities ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1038/s41433-020-1000-3
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Pharmacogenetic variants influence vitamin K anticoagulant dosing in patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves.

    Koshy, Linda / Vb, Raghu / M, Madhuma / Ben, Midhuna P / Kishor, Pritam / Sudhakaran, P R / Abdullakutty, Jabir / Venugopal, K / Zachariah, Geevar / Mohanan, P P / Harikrishnan, S / G, Sanjay

    Pharmacogenomics

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 8, Page(s) 475–485

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Anticoagulants ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9/genetics ; Genotype ; Heart Valves/surgery ; Humans ; Pharmacogenomic Variants ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Vitamin K ; Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases/genetics
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants ; Vitamin K (12001-79-5) ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 (EC 1.14.13.-) ; VKORC1 protein, human (EC 1.17.4.4) ; Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases (EC 1.17.4.4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2019513-8
    ISSN 1744-8042 ; 1462-2416
    ISSN (online) 1744-8042
    ISSN 1462-2416
    DOI 10.2217/pgs-2022-0014
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  5. Article: Comparison of Nebulized Ketamine with Nebulized Magnesium Sulfate on the Incidence of Postoperative Sore Throat.

    Segaran, Sivakumar / Bacthavasalame, Arish T / Venkatesh, Ranjan R / Zachariah, Mamie / George, Sagiev Koshy / Kandasamy, Ravichandran

    Anesthesia, essays and researches

    2018  Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 885–890

    Abstract: Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a known complication following general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation. Its incidence ranges from 21% to 65% and remains the eighth most undesirable postoperative event. Various measures have ... ...

    Abstract Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a known complication following general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation. Its incidence ranges from 21% to 65% and remains the eighth most undesirable postoperative event. Various measures have been tried to decrease the incidence of sore throat with various success rates.
    Aim: This study aimed at reducing the incidence of POST with ketamine and magnesium sulfate nebulization.
    Settings and design: This study is a prospective randomized, double-blinded study.
    Materials and methods: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval and written informed consent, 80 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups to receive magnesium sulfate 250 mg in 5 ml saline in Group A and ketamine 50 mg in 5 ml saline nebulization in Group B before the start of general anesthesia. All patients received standard anesthesia protocol. After extubation, all patients were enquired about the incidence and severity of sore throat at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h.
    Statistical analysis used: Paired
    Results: There were no differences in the demographic profile, duration of laryngoscopy, time taken to intubate, and duration of surgery between the two groups. The incidence and severity of sore throat were significantly decreased in ketamine group at 4 and 6 h when compared to magnesium sulfate group.
    Conclusion: Nebulization with ketamine 50 mg significantly decreases the incidence of POST when compared to magnesium sulfate 250 mg.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-19
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2626233-2
    ISSN 2229-7685 ; 0259-1162
    ISSN (online) 2229-7685
    ISSN 0259-1162
    DOI 10.4103/aer.AER_148_18
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Transversus Abdominis Plane Block versus Ilioinguinal/Iliohypogastric Nerve Block with Wound Infiltration for Postoperative Analgesia in Inguinal Hernia Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Sujatha, Chinthavali / Zachariah, Mamie / Ranjan, R V / George, Sagiev Koshy / Ramachandran, T R / Pillai, Anil Radhakrishna

    Anesthesia, essays and researches

    2017  Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 976–980

    Abstract: Background: Various analgesic modalities have been used for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery. In this randomized clinical trial, we have compared the analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block ... ...

    Abstract Background: Various analgesic modalities have been used for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery. In this randomized clinical trial, we have compared the analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block with that of ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric (IIIH) nerve block with wound infiltration in patients undergoing unilateral open inguinal hernia repair.
    Aim: The primary objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of postoperative analgesia of ultrasound-guided TAP block and IIIH block with wound infiltration (WI) in patients undergoing open inguinal hernia surgery.
    Settings and design: This was a randomized clinical trial performed in a tertiary care hospital.
    Materials and methods: Sixty patients scheduled for hernia repair were randomized into two groups, Group T and Group I. Postoperatively, under ultrasound guidance, Group T received 20 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine - TAP block and Group I received 10 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine - IIIH block + WI with 10 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine. The primary outcome measure was the time to rescue analgesia in the first 24 h postoperatively. Fentanyl along with diclofenac was given as first rescue analgesic when the patient complained of pain.
    Statistical analysis: Statistical comparisons were performed using Student's
    Results: Mean time to rescue analgesia was 5.900 ± 1.881 h and 3.766 ± 1.754 h (
    Conclusion: As a multimodal analgesic regimen, definitely both TAP block and IIIH block with wound infiltration have a supporting role in providing analgesia in the postoperative period for adult inguinal hernia repair. In this study, ultrasound-guided TAP block provided longer pain control postoperatively than IIIH block with WI after inguinal hernia repair. There were no complications attributed to the blocks in either of the group.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-15
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2626233-2
    ISSN 2229-7685 ; 0259-1162
    ISSN (online) 2229-7685
    ISSN 0259-1162
    DOI 10.4103/aer.AER_33_17
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: A novel technique of tangential, circumferential, scleral tunnel in 20-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy: optical coherence tomography-aided analysis of wound integrity and clinical outcome.

    Awan, Muhammad Amer / Lyall, Douglas A M / Koshy, Zachariah R

    The British journal of ophthalmology

    2012  Volume 96, Issue 2, Page(s) 193–196

    Abstract: Aim: To describe a novel technique of sclerotomy construction to facilitate 20-gauge transconjunctical sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) along with the evaluation of the wound integrity.: Methods: The surgical technique is described. One hundred ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To describe a novel technique of sclerotomy construction to facilitate 20-gauge transconjunctical sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) along with the evaluation of the wound integrity.
    Methods: The surgical technique is described. One hundred consecutive patients who underwent TSV were evaluated for wound leaks, postoperative hypotony, endophthalmitis and any other complication related to surgery. The sclerotomies of eight patients (24 ports) were analysed by imaging with anterior segment optical coherence tomography immediately after surgery, and on the first postoperative day and after the first postoperative month.
    Results: 104 eyes of 100 patients were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 9.6 months. All cases underwent surgery with standard 20-gauge instrumentation and vitrectomy techniques. Five sclerotomies were found to leak at the end of surgery, requiring a suture. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography images were obtained from eight eyes with good apposition of the tunnel noted in all the cases. Mean intraocular pressure was 18.7 mm Hg on the first postoperative day. One patient had hypotony without leak and this patient had pre-existing hypotony due to chronic panuveitis. There was no instance of postoperative endophthalmitis.
    Conclusions: This technique of 20-gauge TSV achieves good wound apposition with a low incidence of complications while using standard 20-gauge instrumentation and vitrectomy techniques.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, General/methods ; Anesthesia, Local/methods ; Conjunctiva/surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Microsurgery/methods ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Sclerostomy/methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Suture Techniques ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vitrectomy/methods ; Wound Healing/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80078-8
    ISSN 1468-2079 ; 0007-1161
    ISSN (online) 1468-2079
    ISSN 0007-1161
    DOI 10.1136/bjo.2010.200766
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  8. Article ; Online: Preoperative Systemic Tranexamic Acid in Tonsillectomy and Adeno-tonsillectomy

    Rajarajeswari Nalamate / Jishana J / Mary Kurien / Sajeiv Koshy / Mamie Zachariah

    Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Vol 29, Iss

    A Relevant Underrated Outcome

    2022  Volume 3

    Abstract: Introduction Tranexamic acid, a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic plasminogen inhibitor, a relatively safe drug, is reported to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures. Our study was to identify the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative ...

    Abstract Introduction Tranexamic acid, a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic plasminogen inhibitor, a relatively safe drug, is reported to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures. Our study was to identify the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative bleeding during tonsillectomy and adeno-tonsillectomy, a common paediatric ENT surgery done as day care procedure. Materials and Methods A randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded trial was undertaken with consecutive patients undergoing above procedures, sample size being 100, with 50 patients in each arm. Post induction, injection tranexamic acid 15mg /kg body weight and saline was given to the test and control group respectively. Intraoperative bleeding was measured and operating time was also noted. Results There were 80 participants, with 41 and 39 patients in treatment and placebo group respectively ranging from 4 to 32 years age. There was no significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups. However, the duration of surgery was significantly lowered in tranexamic acid as compared to placebo group (p = 0.008). Conclusions Preoperative use of tranexamic acid in tonsillectomy or adeno-tonsillectomy, significantly reduced operating time though no significant reduction of intra or postoperative bleeding was noted. This previously unreported outcome has surgical implication, especially in children, for possible use of this widely accepted safe drug during these procedures.
    Keywords Adenoidectomy ; Tonsillectomy ; Haemorrhage ; Tranexamic Acid ; Operative Time ; Medicine ; R ; Otorhinolaryngology ; RF1-547
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West Bengal
    Document type Article ; Online
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  9. Article ; Online: Preoperative Systemic Tranexamic Acid in Tonsillectomy and Adeno-tonsillectomy

    Rajarajeswari Nalamate / Jishana J / Mary Kurien / Sajeiv Koshy / Mamie Zachariah

    Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Vol 29, Iss

    A Relevant Underrated Outcome

    2022  Volume 3

    Abstract: Introduction Tranexamic acid, a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic plasminogen inhibitor, a relatively safe drug, is reported to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures. Our study was to identify the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative ...

    Abstract Introduction Tranexamic acid, a synthetic anti-fibrinolytic plasminogen inhibitor, a relatively safe drug, is reported to reduce bleeding in various surgical procedures. Our study was to identify the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative bleeding during tonsillectomy and adeno-tonsillectomy, a common paediatric ENT surgery done as day care procedure. Materials and Methods A randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded trial was undertaken with consecutive patients undergoing above procedures, sample size being 100, with 50 patients in each arm. Post induction, injection tranexamic acid 15mg /kg body weight and saline was given to the test and control group respectively. Intraoperative bleeding was measured and operating time was also noted. Results There were 80 participants, with 41 and 39 patients in treatment and placebo group respectively ranging from 4 to 32 years age. There was no significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups. However, the duration of surgery was significantly lowered in tranexamic acid as compared to placebo group (p = 0.008). Conclusions Preoperative use of tranexamic acid in tonsillectomy or adeno-tonsillectomy, significantly reduced operating time though no significant reduction of intra or postoperative bleeding was noted. This previously unreported outcome has surgical implication, especially in children, for possible use of this widely accepted safe drug during these procedures.
    Keywords Adenoidectomy ; Tonsillectomy ; Haemorrhage ; Tranexamic Acid ; Operative Time ; Medicine ; R ; Otorhinolaryngology ; RF1-547
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West Bengal
    Document type Article ; Online
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  10. Article ; Online: Body iron and lead status in early childhood and its effects on development and cognition: a longitudinal study from urban Vellore.

    Koshy, Beena / Srinivasan, Manikandan / Zachariah, Susan Mary / Karthikeyan, Arun S / Roshan, Reeba / Bose, Anuradha / Mohan, Venkata Raghava / John, Sushil / Ramanujam, Karthikeyan / Muliyil, Jayaprakash / Kang, Gagandeep

    Public health nutrition

    2020  Volume 23, Issue 11, Page(s) 1896–1906

    Abstract: Objective: Early childhood factors can have persisting effects on development and cognition in children. We propose to explore the trends of Fe deficiency and Pb toxicity in early childhood and their association with child development at 2 years of age ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Early childhood factors can have persisting effects on development and cognition in children. We propose to explore the trends of Fe deficiency and Pb toxicity in early childhood and their association with child development at 2 years of age and cognition at 5 years.
    Design: Longitudinal birth cohort study.
    Setting: Urban slum, Vellore, India.
    Participants: Children enrolled at birth were followed up regularly in the first 2 years with developmental and cognitive assessments at 2 and 5 years of age, respectively.
    Results: The birth cohort enrolled 251 children with 228 children followed up at 2 years and 212 at 5 years of age. Fe deficiency (ID) was highest at 15 months of age and improved subsequently at 24 months. Blood Pb levels (BLL) remained high at all age groups with an increasing trend with age; 97 % at 36 months having high BLL. Persistent high mean BLL at 15 and 24 months had negative association with both cognition and expressive language raw scores of 24 months, while high mean BLL at 15, 24 and 36 months had no significant association with any of the domains of cognition at 5 years of age. Early childhood cumulative body Fe status at 7, 15 and 24 months did not show any association with child development at 2 years, but was associated with verbal, performance and processing speed components of cognition at 5 years.
    Conclusions: Optimising body Fe status and limiting Pb exposure in early childhood can augment child development and school entry cognition.
    MeSH term(s) Child Development ; Child Language ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; India ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Iron/blood ; Lead/blood ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Poverty Areas ; Urban Population/statistics & numerical data
    Chemical Substances Lead (2P299V784P) ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1436024-x
    ISSN 1475-2727 ; 1368-9800
    ISSN (online) 1475-2727
    ISSN 1368-9800
    DOI 10.1017/S1368980019004622
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