LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 1638

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Educational Costs Expended and Career Incomes in Advanced Healthcare Professions.

    Brown, Melissa M / Brown, Gary C / Smith, Meg R

    AANA journal

    2024  Volume 92, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–16

    Abstract: The financial desirability of dollar/time investments in postbaccalaureate healthcare professional education is needed. We therefore compared postbaccalaureate educational costs and career earnings for nurse anesthetists, eight other advanced degree, ... ...

    Abstract The financial desirability of dollar/time investments in postbaccalaureate healthcare professional education is needed. We therefore compared postbaccalaureate educational costs and career earnings for nurse anesthetists, eight other advanced degree, nonphysician professions, and 14 physician specialties with internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV) analysis. The IRR and NPV integrated educational costs (tuition, finance charges, lost salary opportunity costs), and career earnings using U.S. Bureau of Labor and Medscape 2022 Physician Compensation Report data. Costs were discounted to 2022 U.S. real dollars using the 3.97% 50-year, U.S. average inflation rate. Annual IRRs for educational investment were 1) hospital CEOs = 48.8%; 2) managed care finance directors = 48.2%; 3) Doctors of Nurse Anesthesia Practice = 26.0%; 4) specialist physicians = 20.3%; 5) primary care physicians = 19.2%; 6) Doctors of Physical Therapy = 18.8%; 7) healthcare attorneys = 18.4%; 8) Doctors of Dental Surgery (dentists) = 18.1%; 9) Doctors of Pharmacy = 17.2%; and 10) Advanced Nurse Practitioners = 10.8%. Considering the educational money/time invested for career monetary returns, the financial desirability of nurse anesthetist and nonphysician, healthcare executive education exceeded that of physicians. Lifetime earnings for nurse anesthetists exceeded those of Doctors of Dental Surgery (Doctors of Dental Medicine), Doctors of Pharmacy, Doctors of Physical Therapy, managed care MBAs, biomedical engineers, healthcare attorneys, and Advanced Nurse Practitioners.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Income ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Delivery of Health Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603605-3
    ISSN 2162-5239 ; 0094-6354
    ISSN (online) 2162-5239
    ISSN 0094-6354
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Value-based Medicine and Gene Therapy.

    Brown, Gary C / Brown, Melissa M

    International ophthalmology clinics

    2021  Volume 61, Issue 3, Page(s) 195–215

    MeSH term(s) Delivery of Health Care ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207382-1
    ISSN 1536-9617 ; 0020-8167
    ISSN (online) 1536-9617
    ISSN 0020-8167
    DOI 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000370
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Translating research into policy and action.

    Kilbourne, Amy M / Garrido, Melissa M / Brown, Arleen F

    Health services research

    2022  Volume 57 Suppl 1, Page(s) 5–8

    MeSH term(s) Health Policy ; Humans ; Policy Making
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 410435-3
    ISSN 1475-6773 ; 0017-9124
    ISSN (online) 1475-6773
    ISSN 0017-9124
    DOI 10.1111/1475-6773.13980
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Cost-Utility Analysis of the Port Delivery System with Ranibizumab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

    Brown, Gary C / Brown, Melissa M / Monigle, Meg C

    Ophthalmology. Retina

    2023  

    Abstract: Purpose: To quantify the cost-utility ratio of the ranibizumab Port Delivery System (PDS; SUSVIMO) versus intravitreal ranibizumab injections for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) based upon Archway Phase 3 Trial data.: ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To quantify the cost-utility ratio of the ranibizumab Port Delivery System (PDS; SUSVIMO) versus intravitreal ranibizumab injections for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) based upon Archway Phase 3 Trial data.
    Design: Cost-utility analysis.
    Subjects: Archway Phase 3 Clinical Trial nAMD participants previously responsive to anti-VEGF therapy were randomized 3:2. Two hundred forty received PDS refills q 24 weeks and 162 received ranibizumab injections.
    Methods: Ophthalmic patient, time tradeoff utilities, direct medical and societal cost perspectives, 12-year, 1-year, and 5-year timelines, United States 2022 real dollars, and a 3% annual discount rate were employed. Utilities were adjusted for nAMD conversion in fellow eyes during the 12-year, mean participant life expectancy. Premature death associated with severe vision loss was integrated as per the population-based Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study.
    Main outcome measures: Quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) accruals, costs, and incremental and average cost-utility ratios in $/QALY (dollars expended per QALY gained).
    Results: Versus no therapy, the 1-year PDS QALY gain was 0.0156 (6.8%) versus 0.0063 (0.82%) for intravitreal injections (P < 0.001), whereas the respective 12-year QALY gains were 1.714 (28%) and 1.639 (26.8%) (P = 0.99). One-year direct PDS ophthalmic costs totaled $21 825 with 2 ranibizumab fills, whereas ranibizumab injection therapy totaled $18 405 with 11.8 injections. The 1-year incremental PDS $/QALY versus injections was cost effective at $75 497/QALY. Five-year PDS therapy was not incrementally cost effective at $304 108/QALY, nor was the 12-year therapy at $761 646/QALY. Average 12-year cost-utility ratios were $78 773/QALY for the PDS and $47 917/QALY for injection therapy. Adding -$476 442 12-year offsetting societal costs netted $314 521 to society per PDS participant versus $370 958 per participant for injection therapy.
    Conclusions: Ranibizumab PDS therapy was not incrementally cost effective versus ranibizumab injection therapy at 12 or 5 years but was at 1 year. Injection therapy had a more favorable 12-year average cost-utility ratio. Vision gain was the major determinant of participant value gain and was the same for both interventions. Both interventions were highly cost effective utilizing average cost-utility analysis with the societal cost perspective.
    Financial disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-6530
    ISSN (online) 2468-6530
    DOI 10.1016/j.oret.2023.11.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Mercury bioaccumulation and Hepatozoon spp. infections in two syntopic watersnakes in South Carolina.

    Brown, M Kyle / Haskins, David Lee / Pilgrim, Melissa A / Tuberville, Tracey D

    Ecotoxicology (London, England)

    2024  Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 164–176

    Abstract: Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant known to bioaccumulate in biota and biomagnify in food webs. Parasites occur in nearly every ecosystem and often interact in complex ways with other stressors that their hosts experience. Hepatozoon ... ...

    Abstract Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant known to bioaccumulate in biota and biomagnify in food webs. Parasites occur in nearly every ecosystem and often interact in complex ways with other stressors that their hosts experience. Hepatozoon spp. are intraerythrocytic parasites common in snakes. The Florida green watersnake (Nerodia floridana) and the banded watersnake (Nerodia fasciata) occur syntopically in certain aquatic habitats in the Southeastern United States. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships among total mercury (THg) concentrations, body size, species, habitat type and prevalence and parasitemia of Hepatozoon spp. infections in snakes. In the present study, we sampled N. floridana and N. fasciata from former nuclear cooling reservoirs and isolated wetlands of the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. We used snake tail clips to quantify THg and collected blood samples for hemoparasite counts. Our results indicate a significant, positive relationship between THg and snake body size in N. floridana and N. fasciata in both habitats. Average THg was significantly higher for N. fasciata compared to N. floridana in bays (0.22 ± 0.02 and 0.08 ± 0.006 mg/kg, respectively; p < 0.01), but not in reservoirs (0.17 ± 0.02 and 0.17 ± 0.03 mg/kg, respectively; p = 0.29). Sex did not appear to be related to THg concentration or Hepatozoon spp. infections in either species. We found no association between Hg and Hepatozoon spp. prevalence or parasitemia; however, our results suggest that species and habitat type play a role in susceptibility to Hepatozoon spp. infection.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; South Carolina ; Mercury/analysis ; Ecosystem ; Parasitemia/parasitology ; Bioaccumulation ; Snakes/parasitology ; Eucoccidiida ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Chemical Substances Mercury (FXS1BY2PGL) ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 34042-x
    ISSN 1573-3017 ; 0963-9292
    ISSN (online) 1573-3017
    ISSN 0963-9292
    DOI 10.1007/s10646-024-02736-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: The Effects of Posture and Dynamic Stretching on the Electromechanical Delay of the Paraspinal Muscles.

    Fagbemigun, Richard O / Cavallo, Melissa / Brown, Stephen H M

    Journal of applied biomechanics

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 179–183

    Abstract: Electromechanical delay (EMD) of muscle is influenced in part by its in-series arrangement with connective tissue. Therefore, studying EMD might provide a better understanding of the muscle-connective tissue interaction. Here, EMD of the thoracic and ... ...

    Abstract Electromechanical delay (EMD) of muscle is influenced in part by its in-series arrangement with connective tissue. Therefore, studying EMD might provide a better understanding of the muscle-connective tissue interaction. Here, EMD of the thoracic and lumbar erector spinae muscles were investigated under conditions that could influence muscle-connective tissue interaction. A total of 19 participants performed isometric back extension contractions in 3 different postures that influence lumbar spine angle: sitting, standing, and kneeling. They then performed a 15-minute dynamic stretching routine and repeated the standing contractions. Mean lumbar flexion angles of 0.5°, 9.9°, and 19.8° were adopted for standing, kneeling, and sitting, respectively. No statistically significant differences in the thoracic erector spinae EMD were found between the different postures. Lumbar erector spinae EMD was significantly longer in the sitting (94.1 ms) compared to the standing (69.9 ms) condition, with no differences compared to kneeling (79.7 ms). There were no statistically significant differences of the thoracic or lumbar erector spinae EMDs before and after dynamic stretching. These results suggest that dynamic stretching does not affect the mechanical behavior of the muscle-tendon-aponeurosis units in a way that alters force generation and transmission, but a sitting posture can alter how force is transmitted through the musculotendinous complex of the lumbar erector spinae.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Paraspinal Muscles/physiology ; Muscle Stretching Exercises ; Electromyography ; Posture/physiology ; Lumbosacral Region ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1145288-2
    ISSN 1543-2688 ; 1065-8483
    ISSN (online) 1543-2688
    ISSN 1065-8483
    DOI 10.1123/jab.2022-0271
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Impact of Type and Shape of Microplastics on the Transport in Column Experiments.

    Schenkel, Cheyanne A / Brown, Megan R M / Lenczewski, Melissa E

    Ground water

    2023  

    Abstract: The pervasive nature of plastic and the longevity of plastics leaves a legacy of microplastics (MPs) that contaminate our environment, including drinking water sources. Although MPs have been documented in every environmental setting, a paucity of ... ...

    Abstract The pervasive nature of plastic and the longevity of plastics leaves a legacy of microplastics (MPs) that contaminate our environment, including drinking water sources. Although MPs have been documented in every environmental setting, a paucity of research has focused on the transport and fate of MPs in groundwater. Previous field and laboratory studies have shown that MPs can migrate through aquifer material and are influenced by environmental factors. This study used controlled column experiments to investigate the influence of polymer type (polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester) and particle shape (fragment, fiber, and sphere) on MP retardation and retention. The results showed that all individual MP types investigated were retarded compared to the NaCl tracer, with a retardation factor ranging from 1.53 to 1.75. While hypothesized that presence of multiple types and shapes could change mobility, the results indicate that this hypothesis is not correct for the conditions tested. This study provides new insights into MP transport in groundwater systems based on the characteristics of MP particles. In addition, this study demonstrates the need for further research on types of MPs and under more conditions, especially in the presence of a mixture of types and shapes of MPs to gauge what is occurring in natural systems where many MPs are present together.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 246212-6
    ISSN 1745-6584 ; 0017-467X
    ISSN (online) 1745-6584
    ISSN 0017-467X
    DOI 10.1111/gwat.13375
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article: Prevention Surpasses Treatment: 5-year Follow-Up, Cost-Utility, and Cost-Benefit of Zeaxanthin Therapy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

    Brown, Gary C / Brown, Melissa M / Gierhart, Dennis / Olk, R Joseph

    Ophthalmology and therapy

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 2583–2608

    Abstract: Introduction: Oral administration of zeaxanthin (Zx) 20 mg daily in patients with unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with triple therapy (photodynamic therapy/intravitreal bevacizumab/intravitreal dexamethasone) ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Oral administration of zeaxanthin (Zx) 20 mg daily in patients with unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with triple therapy (photodynamic therapy/intravitreal bevacizumab/intravitreal dexamethasone) reduced fellow-eye 2-year nAMD incidence from 23 to 6% (p = 0.02) in a prior clinical trial. We questioned the long-term benefit and thus analyzed case-control 5-year patient data of trial participants and additional participants with 5-year follow-up, also performing cost-utility and cost-benefit analyses.
    Methods: Consecutive, unilateral nAMD patient outcomes for those taking 20 mg Zx supplementation orally for ≥ 5 years were compared with the Comparison of AMD Treatments Trials (CATT) 5-year historical controls for fellow-eye nAMD conversion. Eleven-year mean life expectancy, cost-utility and cost-benefit models were undertaken employing a 3% discount rate and 2020 US real dollars.
    Results: Among 227 consecutive patients with nAMD/Zx-supplementation, 202 (90%) had 5-year follow-up. The fellow-eye nAMD 5-year conversion incidence using a Kaplan-Meier cumulative event estimate was 22% (49/227), versus 48% (167/348) with CATT control data (p < 0.0001). An 11-year cost-utility model with estimates for years 6-11 demonstrated a 0.42 (7.7%) QALY (quality-adjusted life-year) gain, including 3 months of life saved per patient due to decreased nAMD fellow-eye conversion. This yielded a direct ophthalmic medical cost perspective, incremental cost-utility ratio (CUR) of -$576/QALY and a societal cost perspective CUR of -$125,071/QALY. Zx supplementation for all 2020 US unilateral nAMD cases would have theoretically saved society, primarily patients, $6.0 billion over 11 years, a 1531% return on investment (ROI), or 31.3% annual ROI, on Zx costs.
    Conclusions: Oral zeaxanthin supplementation for unilateral nAMD patients appears to decrease fellow-eye long-term incidence and is cost-effective and financially rewarding. It is dominant vs. no supplementation in patients presenting with unilateral nAMD.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT01527435.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2193-8245
    ISSN 2193-8245
    DOI 10.1007/s40123-023-00742-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Preference-based comparison of quality of life associated with vision loss in Black and White ophthalmic populations in the US.

    Brown, Gary C / Brown, Melissa M / Sharma, Sanjay

    Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie

    2022  Volume 59, Issue 1, Page(s) 24–30

    Abstract: Purpose: Utilities are preference-based estimates, typically ranging from 1.00 (normal health) to 0.00 (death), that quantify the quality-of-life improvement associated with a health care intervention. In conjunction with length-of-life gain, depending ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Utilities are preference-based estimates, typically ranging from 1.00 (normal health) to 0.00 (death), that quantify the quality-of-life improvement associated with a health care intervention. In conjunction with length-of-life gain, depending on the intervention, they measure total interventional value gain in quality-adjusted life years that can be integrated with costs in cost-utility analysis. We believed it relevant to ascertain whether race was a differentiating factor confounding utilities related to vision.
    Methods: An analysis of cross-sectional data obtained from consecutive Black and White ophthalmic outpatients from the Wills Eye Hospital (Philadelphia, PA.) practices who participated in a long-standing time trade-off (TTO) vision utility study from 1999 to 2016 was undertaken. Each participant was interviewed by a researcher using a previously validated and reliable TTO vision utility acquisition instrument and assigned to 1 of 5 vision categories according to acuity in the best-seeing eye. Utility outcomes were compared using both the 2-sided t test and the Mann-Whitney U test.
    Results: Eleven hundred and twenty-five consecutive patients able to successfully answer the questions were included. For vision of 20/200-20/800, White/Black mean vision utilities were, respectively, 0.58/0.59 (p = 0.84); for vision of 20/70-20/100, they were, respectively, 0.72/0.70 (p = 0.85); for vision of 20/50-20/60, they were, respectively, 0.78/0.79 (p = 0.86); for vision of 20/25-20/50, they were, respectively, 0.84/0.88 (p = 0.16); and for vision of 20/20, they were, respectively, 0.91/0.90 (p = 0.43).
    Conclusions: TTO vision utilities in Black and White ophthalmic patient cohorts were alike at various levels of visual acuity. This suggests a similar quality of life and that TTO vision utilities used in cost-utility analysis do not require adjustment for race in Black and White ophthalmic populations in the US.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Quality of Life ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Vision Disorders ; Visual Acuity ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Health Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80091-0
    ISSN 1715-3360 ; 0008-4182
    ISSN (online) 1715-3360
    ISSN 0008-4182
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcjo.2022.11.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Estimating Lithium Concentrations in Groundwater Used as Drinking Water for the Conterminous United States.

    Lombard, Melissa A / Brown, Eric E / Saftner, Daniel M / Arienzo, Monica M / Fuller-Thomson, Esme / Brown, Craig J / Ayotte, Joseph D

    Environmental science & technology

    2024  Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) 1255–1264

    Abstract: Lithium (Li) concentrations in drinking-water supplies are not regulated in the United States; however, Li is included in the 2022 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency list of unregulated contaminants for monitoring by public water systems. Li is used ... ...

    Abstract Lithium (Li) concentrations in drinking-water supplies are not regulated in the United States; however, Li is included in the 2022 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency list of unregulated contaminants for monitoring by public water systems. Li is used pharmaceutically to treat bipolar disorder, and studies have linked its occurrence in drinking water to human-health outcomes. An extreme gradient boosting model was developed to estimate geogenic Li in drinking-water supply wells throughout the conterminous United States. The model was trained using Li measurements from ∼13,500 wells and predictor variables related to its natural occurrence in groundwater. The model predicts the probability of Li in four concentration classifications, ≤4 μg/L, >4 to ≤10 μg/L, >10 to ≤30 μg/L, and >30 μg/L. Model predictions were evaluated using wells held out from model training and with new data and have an accuracy of 47-65%. Important predictor variables include average annual precipitation, well depth, and soil geochemistry. Model predictions were mapped at a spatial resolution of 1 km
    MeSH term(s) United States ; Humans ; Drinking Water ; Lithium ; Groundwater ; Water Supply ; Water Wells ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring
    Chemical Substances Drinking Water ; Lithium (9FN79X2M3F) ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.3c03315
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top