LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 2218

Search options

Article ; Online: Shifting our perspective on orphan G protein-coupled receptors.

Smith, Nicola J / Murray, Fiona

2024 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 582–583

MeSH term(s)	Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Chemical Substances	Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2126708-X
ISSN	1545-9985 ; 1545-9993
ISSN (online)	1545-9985
ISSN	1545-9993
DOI	10.1038/s41594-024-01270-1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 4101: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 56: Show issues

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Primary cilia, A-kinase anchoring proteins and constitutive activity at the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR161: A tale about a tail.

Patel, Kinjal / Smith, Nicola J

British journal of pharmacology

2023

Abstract: Primary cilia are non-motile antennae-like structures responsible for sensing environmental changes in most mammalian cells. Ciliary signalling is largely mediated by the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway, which acts as a master regulator of ciliary protein ... ...

Abstract	Primary cilia are non-motile antennae-like structures responsible for sensing environmental changes in most mammalian cells. Ciliary signalling is largely mediated by the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway, which acts as a master regulator of ciliary protein transit and is essential for normal embryonic development. One particularly important player in primary cilia is the orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR161. In this review, we introduce GPR161 in the context of Shh signalling and describe the unique features on its C-terminus such as PKA phosphorylation sites and an A-kinase anchoring protein motif, which may influence the function of the receptor, cAMP compartmentalisation and/or trafficking within primary cilia. We discuss the recent putative pairing of GPR161 and spexin-1, highlighting the additional steps needed before GPR161 could be considered 'deorphanised'. Finally, we speculate that the marked constitutive activity and unconventional regulation of GPR161 may indicate that the receptor may not require an endogenous ligand.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80081-8
ISSN	1476-5381 ; 0007-1188
ISSN (online)	1476-5381
ISSN	0007-1188
DOI	10.1111/bph.16053
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Uf I Zs.146: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Inhaled anti-pseudomonal antibiotics for long-term therapy in cystic fibrosis.

Smith, Sherie / Rowbotham, Nicola J

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

2022 Volume 11, Page(s) CD001021

Abstract: Background: Inhaled antibiotics are commonly used to treat persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to lung damage in people with cystic fibrosis. Current guidelines recommend inhaled tobramycin for individuals with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Inhaled antibiotics are commonly used to treat persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to lung damage in people with cystic fibrosis. Current guidelines recommend inhaled tobramycin for individuals with cystic fibrosis and persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection who are aged six years or older. The aim is to reduce bacterial load in the lungs so as to reduce inflammation and deterioration of lung function. This is an update of a previously published review. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of long-term inhaled antibiotic therapy in people with cystic fibrosis on clinical outcomes (lung function, frequency of exacerbations and nutrition), quality of life and adverse events (including drug-sensitivity reactions and survival). Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. We also searched ongoing trials registries. Date of last search: 28 June 2022. Selection criteria: We selected trials where people with cystic fibrosis received inhaled anti-pseudomonal antibiotic treatment for at least three months, treatment allocation was randomised or quasi-randomised, and there was a control group (either placebo, no placebo or another inhaled antibiotic). Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently selected trials, judged the risk of bias, extracted data from these trials and judged the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE system. Main results: The searches identified 410 citations to 125 trials; 18 trials (3042 participants aged between five and 45 years) met the inclusion criteria. Limited data were available for meta-analyses due to the variability of trial design and reporting of results. A total of 11 trials (1130 participants) compared an inhaled antibiotic to placebo or usual treatment for a duration between three and 33 months. Five trials (1255 participants) compared different antibiotics, two trials (585 participants) compared different regimens of tobramycin and one trial (90 participants) compared intermittent tobramycin with continuous tobramycin alternating with aztreonam. One trial (18 participants) compared an antibiotic to placebo and also to a different antibiotic and so fell into both groups. The most commonly studied antibiotic was tobramycin which was studied in 12 trials. Inhaled antibiotics compared to placebo We found that inhaled antibiotics may improve lung function measured in a variety of ways (4 trials, 814 participants). Compared to placebo, inhaled antibiotics may also reduce the frequency of exacerbations (risk ratio (RR) 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47 to 0.93; 3 trials, 946 participants; low-certainty evidence). Inhaled antibiotics may lead to fewer days off school or work (quality of life measure) (mean difference (MD) -5.30 days, 95% CI -8.59 to -2.01; 1 trial, 245 participants; low-certainty evidence). There were insufficient data for us to be able to report an effect on nutritional outcomes and there was no effect on survival. There was no effect on antibiotic resistance seen in the two trials that were included in meta-analyses. We are uncertain of the effect of the intervention on adverse events (very low-certainty evidence), but tinnitus and voice alteration were the only events occurring more often in the inhaled antibiotics group. The overall certainty of evidence was deemed to be low for most outcomes due to risk of bias within the trials and imprecision due to low event rates. Different antibiotics or regimens compared Of the eight trials comparing different inhaled antibiotics or different antibiotic regimens, there was only one trial for each unique comparison. We found no differences between groups for any outcomes except for the following. Aztreonam lysine for inhalation probably improved forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV Authors' conclusions: Long-term treatment with inhaled anti-pseudomonal antibiotics probably improves lung function and reduces exacerbation rates, but pooled estimates of the level of benefit were very limited. The best evidence available is for inhaled tobramycin. More evidence from trials measuring similar outcomes in the same way is needed to determine a better measure of benefit. Longer-term trials are needed to look at the effect of inhaled antibiotics on quality of life, survival and nutritional outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Aztreonam/therapeutic use ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Cystic Fibrosis/microbiology ; Lysine/therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Tobramycin/therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aztreonam (G2B4VE5GH8) ; Lysine (K3Z4F929H6) ; Tobramycin (VZ8RRZ51VK)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
ISSN	1469-493X
ISSN (online)	1469-493X
DOI	10.1002/14651858.CD001021.pub4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Does green mean clean? Volatile organic emissions from regular

Harding-Smith, Ellen / Shaw, David R / Shaw, Marvin / Dillon, Terry J / Carslaw, Nicola

Environmental science. Processes & impacts

2024 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 436–450

Abstract: Cleaning products emit a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including some which are hazardous or can undergo chemical transformations to generate harmful secondary pollutants. In recent years, "green" cleaners have become increasingly popular, ... ...

Abstract	Cleaning products emit a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including some which are hazardous or can undergo chemical transformations to generate harmful secondary pollutants. In recent years, "green" cleaners have become increasingly popular, with an implicit assumption that these are better for our health and/or the environment. However, there is no strong evidence to suggest that they are better for indoor air quality compared to regular products. In this study, the VOC composition of 10 regular and 13 green cleaners was examined by headspace analysis. Monoterpenes were the most prevalent VOCs, with average total monoterpene concentrations of 8.6 and 25.0 mg L
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Formaldehyde/analysis ; Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis ; Monoterpenes
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Formaldehyde (1HG84L3525) ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; Monoterpenes
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703814-2
ISSN	2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
ISSN (online)	2050-7895
ISSN	2050-7887
DOI	10.1039/d3em00439b
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 7401: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Potential Mechanisms Underlying Suicidality in Autistic People with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Testing Hypotheses from the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide.

Moseley, Rachel L / Gregory, Nicola J / Smith, Paula / Allison, Carrie / Cassidy, Sarah / Baron-Cohen, Simon

Autism in adulthood : challenges and management

2024 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–24

Abstract: Background: Autistic people with co-occurring attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) appear to be at heightened risk of suicide. To understand why, we explored two explanatory mechanisms from the interpersonal theory of suicide: first, that co- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Autistic people with co-occurring attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) appear to be at heightened risk of suicide. To understand why, we explored two explanatory mechanisms from the interpersonal theory of suicide: first, that co-occurring ADHD might be associated with greater risk through greater thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness and, secondly, that hyperactive/impulsive features might incur additional risk through their association with painful and provocative events, which are suggested to create "capability" for suicide. Methods: Autistic adults ( Results: Likely ADHD was associated with past-year suicide ideation through greater depression and perceived burdensomeness, which also mediated its association with more suicide attempts. Hyperactive and impulsive features were associated with exposure to painful and provocative events and through this acquired suicide capability. Both features were associated with more numerous suicide attempts through these two mediators sequentially, and through exposure to painful and provocative events alone. Conclusions: These data suggest that suicidality in autistic people with ADHD may be partially related to perceived burdensomeness and to acquired suicide capability after exposure to painful and provocative events. However, as we observed a pathway to suicidality associated with painful and provocative events alone, it is likely that there are also other explanatory mechanisms for the influence of traumatic events on suicide risk.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2573-959X
ISSN (online)	2573-959X
DOI	10.1089/aut.2022.0042
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Short-acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis.

Smith, Sherie / Rowbotham, Nicola J / Edwards, Christopher T

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

2022 Volume 6, Page(s) CD013666

Abstract: Background: Respiratory disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF), and many different therapies are used by people with CF in the management of respiratory problems. Bronchodilator therapy is used to relieve symptoms ... ...

Abstract	Background: Respiratory disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF), and many different therapies are used by people with CF in the management of respiratory problems. Bronchodilator therapy is used to relieve symptoms of shortness of breath and to open the airways to allow clearance of mucus. Despite the widespread use of inhaled bronchodilators in CF, there is little objective evidence of their efficacy. A Cochrane Review looking at both short- and long-acting inhaled bronchodilators for CF was withdrawn from the Cochrane Library in 2016. That review has been replaced by two separate Cochrane Reviews: one on long-acting inhaled bronchodilators for CF, and this review on short-acting inhaled bronchodilators for CF. For this review 'inhaled' includes the use of pressurised metered dose inhalers (MDIs), with or without a spacer, dry powder devices and nebulisers. Objectives: To evaluate short-acting inhaled bronchodilators in children and adults with CF in terms of clinical outcomes and safety. Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books on 28 March 2022 and searched trial registries for any new or ongoing trials on 12 April 2022. We also searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews. Selection criteria: We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs that looked at the effect of any short-acting inhaled bronchodilator delivered by any device, at any dose, at any frequency and for any duration compared to either placebo or another short-acting inhaled bronchodilator in people with CF. We screened references as per standard Cochrane methodology. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 1 tool. Where we were not able to enter data into our analyses we reported results directly from the papers. We assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. Main results: We included 11 trials from our systematic search, with 191 participants meeting our inclusion criteria; three of these trials had three treatment arms. Eight trials compared short-acting inhaled beta-2 agonists to placebo and four trials compared short-acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists to placebo. Three trials compared short-acting inhaled beta-2 agonists to short-acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists. All were cross-over trials with only small numbers of participants. We were only able to enter data into the analysis from three trials comparing short-acting inhaled beta-2 agonists to placebo. Short-acting inhaled beta-2 agonists versus placebo All eight trials (six single-dose trials and two longer-term trials) reporting on this comparison reported on forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV Authors' conclusions: All included trials in this review are small and of a cross-over design. Most trials looked at very short-term effects of inhaled bronchodilators, and therefore did not measure longer-term outcomes. The certainty of evidence across all outcomes was very low, and therefore we have been unable to describe any effects with certainty.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Muscarinic Antagonists
Chemical Substances	Bronchodilator Agents ; Muscarinic Antagonists
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ISSN	1469-493X
ISSN (online)	1469-493X
DOI	10.1002/14651858.CD013666.pub2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Inhaled antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis.

Smith, Sherie / Rowbotham, Nicola J / Charbek, Edward

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

2022 Volume 8, Page(s) CD008319

Abstract: Background: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in which abnormal mucus in the lungs is associated with susceptibility to persistent infection. Pulmonary exacerbations are when symptoms of infection become more severe. Antibiotics are an essential ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in which abnormal mucus in the lungs is associated with susceptibility to persistent infection. Pulmonary exacerbations are when symptoms of infection become more severe. Antibiotics are an essential part of treatment for exacerbations and inhaled antibiotics may be used alone or in conjunction with oral antibiotics for milder exacerbations or with intravenous antibiotics for more severe infections. Inhaled antibiotics do not cause the same adverse effects as intravenous antibiotics and may prove an alternative in people with poor access to their veins. This is an update of a previously published review. Objectives: To determine if treatment of pulmonary exacerbations with inhaled antibiotics in people with cystic fibrosis improves their quality of life, reduces time off school or work, and improves their long-term lung function. Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Group's Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register. Date of the last search: 7 March 2022. We also searched ClinicalTrials.gov, the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry and WHO ICTRP for relevant trials. Date of last search: 3 May 2022. Selection criteria: Randomised controlled trials in people with cystic fibrosis with a pulmonary exacerbation in whom treatment with inhaled antibiotics was compared to placebo, standard treatment or another inhaled antibiotic for between one and four weeks. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently selected eligible trials, assessed the risk of bias in each trial and extracted data. They assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE criteria. Authors of the included trials were contacted for more information. Main results: Five trials with 183 participants are included in the review. Two trials (77 participants) compared inhaled antibiotics alone to intravenous antibiotics alone and three trials (106 participants) compared a combination of inhaled and intravenous antibiotics to intravenous antibiotics alone. Trials were heterogenous in design and two were only available in abstract form. Risk of bias was difficult to assess in most trials but, for four out of five trials, we judged there to be a high risk from lack of blinding and an unclear risk with regards to randomisation. Results were not fully reported and only limited data were available for analysis. One trial was a cross-over design and we only included data from the first intervention arm. Inhaled antibiotics alone versus intravenous antibiotics alone Only one trial (18 participants) reported a perceived improvement in lifestyle (quality of life) in both groups (very low-certainty evidence). Neither trial reported on time off work or school. Both trials measured lung function, but there was no difference reported between treatment groups (very low-certainty evidence). With regards to our secondary outcomes, one trial (18 participants) reported no difference in the need for additional antibiotics and the second trial (59 participants) reported on the time to next exacerbation. In neither case was a difference between treatments identified (both very low-certainty evidence). The single trial (18 participants) measuring adverse events and sputum microbiology did not observe any in either treatment group for either outcome (very low-certainty evidence). Inhaled antibiotics plus intravenous antibiotics versus intravenous antibiotics alone Inhaled antibiotics plus intravenous antibiotics may make little or no difference to quality of life compared to intravenous antibiotics alone. None of the trials reported time off work or school. All three trials measured lung function, but found no difference between groups in forced expiratory volume in one second (two trials; 44 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or vital capacity (one trial; 62 participants). None of the trials reported on the need for additional antibiotics. Inhaled plus intravenous antibiotics may make little difference to the time to next exacerbation; however, one trial (28 participants) reported on hospital admissions and found no difference between groups. There is likely no difference between groups in adverse events (very low-certainty evidence) and one trial (62 participants) reported no difference in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms (very low-certainty evidence). Authors' conclusions: We identified only low- or very low-certainty evidence to judge the effectiveness of inhaled antibiotics for the treatment of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis. The included trials were not sufficiently powered to achieve their goals. Hence, we are unable to demonstrate whether one treatment was superior to the other or not. Further research is needed to establish whether inhaled tobramycin may be used as an alternative to intravenous tobramycin for some pulmonary exacerbations.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Inhalation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Humans ; Lung ; Quality of Life ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Tobramycin/administration & dosage ; Tobramycin/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Tobramycin (VZ8RRZ51VK)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ISSN	1469-493X
ISSN (online)	1469-493X
DOI	10.1002/14651858.CD008319.pub4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Prevalence of sarcopenia in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Veronese, Nicola / Smith, Lee / Koyanagi, Ai / Hoffman, Jaco / Snoussi, Mouna / Prokopidis, Konstantinos / Dominguez, Ligia J / Barbagallo, Mario

Aging clinical and experimental research

2024 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) 12

Abstract: Background: Existing literature suggests that sarcopenia is a highly prevalent condition in older people. However, most studies to date reporting data on its prevalence have been mainly carried out in Western countries, while data on sarcopenia in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Existing literature suggests that sarcopenia is a highly prevalent condition in older people. However, most studies to date reporting data on its prevalence have been mainly carried out in Western countries, while data on sarcopenia in Africa is scarce. With this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in African countries and to explore potential factors that could explain higher or lower prevalence of this condition in Africa. Methods: Major databases for studies reporting data on sarcopenia in African countries were searched from inception to June 2023. We conducted a meta-analysis of the prevalence [and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)] of sarcopenia in Africa, applying a random effect model. Several sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were run. Results: Among 147 articles initially screened, six articles (with seven cohorts) including a total of 10,656 participants were included. Mean age of participants was 66.9 years, and the majority were female (58.1%). The weighted prevalence of sarcopenia in the selected countries of Africa was 25.72% (95%CI: 18.90-32.55). This outcome was characterized by a high heterogeneity (I Conclusion: Sarcopenia is a prevalent condition in Africa and thus research regarding this topic is a public health priority. Future studies that cover African countries for which data are not available and using standardized criteria are needed.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Africa/epidemiology ; Anthropometry ; Databases, Factual ; Prevalence ; Sarcopenia/epidemiology ; Observational Studies as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2104785-6
ISSN	1720-8319 ; 1594-0667
ISSN (online)	1720-8319
ISSN	1594-0667
DOI	10.1007/s40520-023-02671-w
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 3343: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Orphan GPR146: an alternative therapeutic pathway to achieve cholesterol homeostasis?

Wilkins, Brendan P / Finch, Angela M / Wang, Yan / Smith, Nicola J

Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM

2022 Volume 33, Issue 7, Page(s) 481–492

Abstract: Atherosclerosis predisposes to myriad cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Statins have revolutionised cholesterol management but they do not work for all patients, particularly those with familial ... ...

Abstract	Atherosclerosis predisposes to myriad cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Statins have revolutionised cholesterol management but they do not work for all patients, particularly those with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). Genome-wide association studies have linked SNPs at orphan G protein-coupled receptor 146 (GPR146) to human atherosclerosis but how GPR146 influences serum cholesterol homeostasis was only recently described. Gpr146 deletion in mice reduces serum cholesterol and atherosclerotic plaque burden, confirming GPR146 as a potential therapeutic target for managing circulating cholesterol. Critically, this effect was independent of the low-density lipoprotein receptor. While still an orphan, the activation of GPR146 by serum suggests identification of its endogenous ligand is tantalisingly close. Herein, we discuss the evidence for GPR146 inhibition as a treatment for atherosclerosis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Atherosclerosis/drug therapy ; Atherosclerosis/genetics ; Cholesterol ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1042384-9
ISSN	1879-3061 ; 1043-2760
ISSN (online)	1879-3061
ISSN	1043-2760
DOI	10.1016/j.tem.2022.04.008
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 2999: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Perceptual addition of continuous magnitudes in an 'artificial algebra'.

Morton, Nicola J / Hooson-Smith, Cameron / Stuart, Kate / Kemp, Simon / Grace, Randolph C

Cognition

2023 Volume 244, Page(s) 105710

Abstract: Although there is substantial evidence for an innate 'number sense' that scaffolds learning about mathematics, whether the underlying representations are based on discrete or continuous perceptual magnitudes has been controversial. Yet the nature of the ... ...

Abstract	Although there is substantial evidence for an innate 'number sense' that scaffolds learning about mathematics, whether the underlying representations are based on discrete or continuous perceptual magnitudes has been controversial. Yet the nature of the computations supported by these representations has been neglected in this debate. While basic computation of discrete non-symbolic quantities has been reliably demonstrated in adults, infants, and non-humans, far less consideration has been given to the capacity for computation of continuous perceptual magnitudes. Here we used a novel experimental task to ask if humans can learn to add non-symbolic, continuous magnitudes in accord with the properties of an algebraic group, by feedback and without explicit instruction. Three pairs of experiments tested perceptual addition under the group properties of commutativity (Experiments 1a-b), identity and inverses (Experiments 2a-b) and associativity (Experiments 3a-b), with both line length and brightness modalities. Transfer designs were used in which participants responded on trials with feedback based on sums of magnitudes and later were tested with novel stimulus configurations. In all experiments, correlations of average responses with magnitude sums were high on trials with feedback. Responding on transfer trials was accurate and provided strong support for addition under all of the group axioms with line length, and for all except associativity with brightness. Our results confirm that adult human subjects can implicitly add continuous quantities in a manner consistent with symbolic addition over the integers, and that an 'artificial algebra' task can be used to study implicit computation.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Learning ; Cognition/physiology ; Aptitude ; Mathematics ; Language
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1499940-7
ISSN	1873-7838 ; 0010-0277
ISSN (online)	1873-7838
ISSN	0010-0277
DOI	10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105710
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

To top

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito