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Article ; Online: Role of AMPK/mTOR, mitochondria, and ROS in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

Assaf, Lama / Eid, Assaad A / Nassif, Joseph

2022 Volume 306, Page(s) 120805

Abstract: Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity usually in the ovaries, fallopian tube, and pelvic cavity. It's a chronic enigmatic gynecological condition associated with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and ... ...

Abstract	Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity usually in the ovaries, fallopian tube, and pelvic cavity. It's a chronic enigmatic gynecological condition associated with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and infertility. Endometriosis lesions exist in a unique microenvironment characterized by increased concentrations of hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This environment promotes cell survival through the binding of membrane receptors and subsequent cascading activation of intracellular kinases that stimulate a cellular response. In endometriosis, well-established signaling pathways, mTOR and AMPK, are altered via steroid hormones and other factors to promote cell growth, migration, and proliferation. This is accompanied by dysfunction in the mitochondria that increase energy production to sustain proliferation demands consequently leading to reactive oxygen species overproduction. This review aims to summarize the role of altered mTOR/AMPK signaling pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reactive oxygen species overproduction along with providing therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. Highlighting these factors would provide a better understanding to reach a coherent theory for the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
MeSH term(s)	AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Endometriosis/metabolism ; Female ; Hormones/metabolism ; Humans ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Hormones ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; MTOR protein, human (EC 2.7.1.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3378-9
ISSN	1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
ISSN (online)	1879-0631
ISSN	0024-3205
DOI	10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120805
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Article ; Online: Primary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Retroperitoneum Mimicking a Terminal Ileum Mesenteric Duplication Cyst.

Sharma, Nishant / Eid, Joseph J / Damadi, Amir

The American surgeon

2019 Volume 85, Issue 3, Page(s) e164–e166

MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnostic imaging ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/surgery ; Adult ; Colonoscopy ; Cystoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ileum ; Mesenteric Cyst ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	202465-2
ISSN	1555-9823 ; 0003-1348
ISSN (online)	1555-9823
ISSN	0003-1348
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Article ; Online: Peer review report 3 on “Single-incision laparoscopically assisted appendectomy performed by residents is safe and feasible

Joseph J. Eid, MD

Annals of Medicine and Surgery, Vol 13, Iss S1, p

A single institution, retrospective case series”

2017 Volume 86

Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Obstructive sleep apnea: Beyond the dogma of obesity!

Abourjeili, Joseph / Salameh, Elio / Noureddine, Maya / Bou Khalil, Pierre / Eid, Assaad A

Respiratory medicine

2023 Volume 222, Page(s) 107512

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has long been studied in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), due to the fact that both disorders are commonly associated with an increased body mass index (BMI). However, a link between OSA and non- ... ...

Abstract	Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has long been studied in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), due to the fact that both disorders are commonly associated with an increased body mass index (BMI). However, a link between OSA and non-obese diabetic patients is still not very elaborated, nor heavily explored. In this review, we elucidate some proposed mechanisms for the link between OSA and diabetic patients both with and beyond obesity, shedding the light on the latter case. One such mechanism is oxidative stress, a phenomenon of reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance seen in both of the previously mentioned disorders. A plausible explanation for the OSA-induced ROS production is the repeating episodes of hypoxia and reperfusion and their effect on the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This paper explores the literature regarding ROS imbalance as the possible missing link between OSA and Diabetes Mellitus beyond obesity, while still mentioning other possible proposed mechanisms such as a dysregulated autonomic nervous system (ANS), as well as mechanical and craniofacial abnormalities. This paper also suggests a link between OSA and diabetic complications, while exploring the clinical progress made in treating the former disorder with anti-oxidant and hypo-glycemic drugs. If further investigated, these findings could help identify novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of OSA and Diabetic patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Obesity/complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology ; Body Mass Index
Chemical Substances	Reactive Oxygen Species
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1003348-8
ISSN	1532-3064 ; 0954-6111
ISSN (online)	1532-3064
ISSN	0954-6111
DOI	10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107512
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Article: An Unforeseeable Complication; Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy after Penetrating Injury to the Heart.

Eid, Joseph J / Cronin, Brian C / Seman, Susan

Bulletin of emergency and trauma

2018 Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) 178–180

Abstract: Trauma surgeons are currently encountering unusual adverse events after traumatic injuries. Ischemic optic neuropathy is a rare complication that may occur in trauma and burn patients that present in extremis and require massive resuscitation. A 29-year- ... ...

Abstract	Trauma surgeons are currently encountering unusual adverse events after traumatic injuries. Ischemic optic neuropathy is a rare complication that may occur in trauma and burn patients that present in extremis and require massive resuscitation. A 29-year-old male patient sustains a penetrating injury to the heart that required primary repair. He remained hemodynamically stable and required a limited amount of resuscitative fluids and products. Postoperatively, the patient develops acute painless bilateral loss of vision. These findings were consistent with posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Ischemic optic neuropathy are uncommon entities that arise in trauma patients who require massive resuscitation. Given the limited treatment options, early diagnosis is key in limiting the hemodynamic insult to the optic nerve.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-23
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2722734-0
ISSN	2322-3960 ; 2322-2522
ISSN (online)	2322-3960
ISSN	2322-2522
DOI	10.29252/beat-060214
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Article ; Online: Chest wall lump: lipoma or intramuscular myxoma?

Raniwsky, Alec / Schmidt, Michael / Eid, Joseph J / Lee, Michael W

General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery

2019 Volume 68, Issue 5, Page(s) 546–548

Abstract: Intramuscular myxomas (IM) of the chest wall are extremely rare. We present the case of a 58-year-old African-American female who was initially diagnosed with having a chest wall lipoma. After re-evaluation, the lesion was consistent with an intercostal ... ...

Abstract	Intramuscular myxomas (IM) of the chest wall are extremely rare. We present the case of a 58-year-old African-American female who was initially diagnosed with having a chest wall lipoma. After re-evaluation, the lesion was consistent with an intercostal myxoma versus myxoid sarcoma. Preoperative imaging could not exclude malignancy. Given the diagnostic uncertainty, she underwent primary wide local resection and placement of polypropylene mesh for chest wall reconstruction. Histopathological examination revealed an intramuscular myxoma without sarcomatous changes arising from the 8th intercostal muscle bundle.
MeSH term(s)	Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoma/diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Muscle Neoplasms/pathology ; Muscle Neoplasms/surgery ; Myxoma/diagnosis ; Myxoma/pathology ; Myxoma/surgery ; Thoracic Wall
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-14
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2376888-5
ISSN	1863-6713 ; 1863-6705
ISSN (online)	1863-6713
ISSN	1863-6705
DOI	10.1007/s11748-019-01157-9
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Article ; Online: Robotic Cholecystectomy Is a Safe Educational Alternative to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy During General Surgical Training: A Pilot Study.

Eid, Joseph J / Jyot, Apram / Macedo, Francisco Igor / Sabir, Mubashir / Mittal, Vijay K

Journal of surgical education

2020 Volume 77, Issue 5, Page(s) 1266–1270

Abstract: Objective: The role of robotic surgery in general surgery (GS) continues to expand. Several programs have integrated robotic-based simulators and models into surgical education; however, residents' robotic experience in the operating room is currently ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The role of robotic surgery in general surgery (GS) continues to expand. Several programs have integrated robotic-based simulators and models into surgical education; however, residents' robotic experience in the operating room is currently limited. We sought to assess the safety and feasibility of robotic cholecystectomy (RC) when independently performed by GS chief residents. Methods: From June 2016 to October 2018, RC and laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) performed independently by chief residents on a resident staff surgical service were prospectively included. Patient demographics, intraoperative variables, and postoperative complications were analyzed and compared between both cohorts. Results: A total of 20 RC and 70 LC were included. Patient characteristics, indications for surgery, and comorbidities were similar in both groups. RC was more likely to be performed electively (95% vs. 17.1%, p < 0.001). No difference in operative time, estimated blood loss, intraoperative bile duct injury, or conversion to open was observed. Patients undergoing LC had an overall longer mean length of hospital stay (2.7 days ± 2.1 vs. 0.8 days ± 0.4, p < 0.001); however, length of hospital stay was similar between RC and LC performed electively (p = 0.946). No difference in postoperative complications and 30-day readmission was observed. Conclusions: RC can be safely and independently performed by GS residents with similar outcomes as LC. Efforts should be directed toward creating a platform to bridge competent simulator skills into safe performance in the operating suite. The integration of robotic training into the core GS curriculum should be encouraged.
MeSH term(s)	Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Robotics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2277538-9
ISSN	1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
ISSN (online)	1878-7452
ISSN	1931-7204
DOI	10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.02.027
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Article ; Online: Utilisation of radiology rotations in ACGME-accredited general surgery programmes.

Eid, Joseph J / Macedo, Francisco Igor / Mittal, Vijay K

Postgraduate medical journal

2017 Volume 93, Issue 1104, Page(s) 587–591

Abstract: Background: General surgery (GS) residents are often required to provide immediate preliminary interpretations of radiological images, especially in critical situations. It is unclear whether residents in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical ... ...

Abstract	Background: General surgery (GS) residents are often required to provide immediate preliminary interpretations of radiological images, especially in critical situations. It is unclear whether residents in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited GS programmes receive sufficient radiological training to deliver adequate patient care. Objectives: Determine the utilisation of radiology rotations (RR) during GS residency. Methods: Between February and March 2015, a pilot voluntary 19-item survey was electronically distributed to GS programme directors (PDs) regarding the availability and value of a RR during GS training. Results: A total of 234 PDs received the questionnaire and the response rate was 36.8% (n=86). Sixty-five (77.4%) PDs expected their trainees to interpret imaging studies in the acute setting; however, only 8.3% of programmes had a dedicated RR. RRs are more prevalent among community-based than university-based programmes (71.4% vs 27.9% p=0.003). The implementation of a RR may be limited due to insufficient number of GS residents in the department (p=0.002). 75.4% of PDs expect GS residents to confirm their findings with a radiologist. In those programmes with RR, most PDs (85.7%) believed that a dedicated rotation improved GS residents' understanding of radiological imaging. Conclusion: The majority of PDs are currently not confident that GS residents are capable of interpreting radiological imaging independently; however, the implementation of a mandatory RR in GS residency curriculum yet seems to be controversial. Given the expectation of PDs and the continued need to improve patient care, the integration of a dedicated RR in GS training should be encouraged.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80325-x
ISSN	1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
ISSN (online)	1469-0756
ISSN	0032-5473
DOI	10.1136/postgradmedj-2016-134549
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Article ; Online: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: the rational choice.

Zouein, Joseph / Haddad, Fady G / Eid, Roland / Kourie, Hampig R

Immunotherapy

2021 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 155–167

Abstract: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of death among cancers. The progressive approvals of immunotherapy as first-line treatment options have helped improve cancer prognosis. However, longer follow-up has confirmed ... ...

Abstract	Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of death among cancers. The progressive approvals of immunotherapy as first-line treatment options have helped improve cancer prognosis. However, longer follow-up has confirmed the possibility of acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) which can lead to late relapses. Chemotherapy can act as a priming therapy to increase a tumor's response to immunotherapy. We aim through this review to explain the mechanism behind ICI resistance and the value of chemotherapy in escaping this resistance. Finally, all US FDA approvals regarding the management of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer using a combination of ICIs and chemotherapy are summarized.
MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/immunology ; Patient Acuity
Chemical Substances	Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2495964-9
ISSN	1750-7448 ; 1750-743X
ISSN (online)	1750-7448
ISSN	1750-743X
DOI	10.2217/imt-2021-0014
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Article ; Online: A Portable Non-Invasive Electromagnetic Lesion-Optimized Sensing Device for the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer (SkanMD).

Shafi, Nader / Costantine, Joseph / Kanj, Rouwaida / Tawk, Youssef / Ramadan, Ali H / Kurban, Mazen / Rahal, Jihane Abou / Eid, Assaad A

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems

2023 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 558–573

Abstract: The article presented herein proposes an alternative skin cancer screening method that delivers non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of skin lesions by leveraging electromagnetic waves with radio frequency technology and circuits. The proposed handheld ... ...

Abstract	The article presented herein proposes an alternative skin cancer screening method that delivers non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of skin lesions by leveraging electromagnetic waves with radio frequency technology and circuits. The proposed handheld device, named SkanMD, comprises a sensitive electromagnetic sensor, customized radio frequency wave analyzer circuits, and machine learning algorithms. The device is used in clinical studies that are performed on a total of 46 individuals that are composed of 18 patients with pre-diagnosed skin cancer, 10 individuals with benign nevi, 7 patients with arbitrary diseases, and 11 healthy individuals. These studies included the measurement of the reflection coefficient, S11, on multiple skin regions and recording the obtained complex values to build a Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based classification model. Due to the lesion-optimized sensor and the unified cross-patient classifier, our results differentiate between cancerous and non-cancerous skin lesions with a sensitivity that exceeds 92% and a specificity that exceeds 81.4%. These reported results are based on a limited population size study. They also demonstrate that SkanMD is a promising solution that could augment conventional diagnosis methods to greatly improve patient comfort and enable instantaneous and accurate diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology ; Skin ; Algorithms ; Machine Learning ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Support Vector Machine
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1940-9990
ISSN (online)	1940-9990
DOI	10.1109/TBCAS.2023.3260581
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