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  1. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Inhibition, breast milk transmission and pancreatic tropism of SARS-CoV-2

    Conzelmann, Carina [Verfasser]

    2023  

    Author's details Carina Conzelmann
    Keywords Medizin, Gesundheit ; Medicine, Health
    Subject code sg610
    Language English
    Publisher Universität Ulm
    Publishing place Ulm
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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  2. Article ; Online: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Human Breast Milk.

    Groß, Rüdiger / Conzelmann, Carina / Münch, Jan / Müller, Janis A

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2022  Volume 2610, Page(s) 129–135

    Abstract: Certain viral pathogens can be shed into the human breast milk and cause infections in the infant upon breastfeeding. Thus, it is important to clarify whether viral RNA as well as infectious virus can be found in breast milk. The complexity of this body ... ...

    Abstract Certain viral pathogens can be shed into the human breast milk and cause infections in the infant upon breastfeeding. Thus, it is important to clarify whether viral RNA as well as infectious virus can be found in breast milk. The complexity of this body fluid poses several challenges for viral RNA isolation and detection of infectious virus. We here provide a protocol that allowed the identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in breast milk and the isolation of infectious virus after the virus has been artificially spiked into milk samples.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Female ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Milk, Human ; COVID-19 ; RNA, Viral ; Breast Feeding
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-2895-9_11
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: In vitro

    Conzelmann, Carina / Muratspahić, Edin / Tomašević, Nataša / Münch, Jan / Gruber, Christian W

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 888961

    Abstract: Since viral infectious diseases continue to be a global health threat, new antiviral drugs are urgently needed. A unique class of therapeutic compounds are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). They can be found in humans, bacteria and plants. Plants express a ... ...

    Abstract Since viral infectious diseases continue to be a global health threat, new antiviral drugs are urgently needed. A unique class of therapeutic compounds are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). They can be found in humans, bacteria and plants. Plants express a wide variety of such defense peptides as part of their innate immune system to protect from invading pathogens. Cyclotides are non-classical AMPs that share a similar structure. Their unique topology consists of a circular peptide backbone and disulfide bonds. In previous studies they have been attributed to a wide range of biological activities. To identify novel cyclotides with antiviral activity, we established a library of plant extracts largely consisting of cyclotide-rich species and screened them as inhibitors of HIV-1 infection. Subsequent extraction and fractionation revealed four cyclotide-containing subfractions from
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2022.888961
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  4. Article ; Online: Undermining breastfeeding will not alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic - Authors' reply.

    Groß, Rüdiger / Conzelmann, Carina / Müller, Janis A / Reister, Frank / Kirchhoff, Frank / Münch, Jan

    Lancet (London, England)

    2020  Volume 396, Issue 10257, Page(s) 1065–1066

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; Breast Feeding ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32066-3
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  5. Article ; Online: Inhibitors of Activin Receptor-like Kinase 5 Interfere with SARS-CoV-2 S-Protein Processing and Spike-Mediated Cell Fusion via Attenuation of Furin Expression.

    Mezger, Maja C / Conzelmann, Carina / Weil, Tatjana / von Maltitz, Pascal / Albers, Dan P J / Münch, Jan / Stamminger, Thomas / Schilling, Eva-Maria

    Viruses

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 6

    Abstract: Screening of a protein kinase inhibitor library identified SB431542, targeting activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), as a compound interfering with SARS-CoV-2 replication. Since ALK5 is implicated in transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling and ... ...

    Abstract Screening of a protein kinase inhibitor library identified SB431542, targeting activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), as a compound interfering with SARS-CoV-2 replication. Since ALK5 is implicated in transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling and regulation of the cellular endoprotease furin, we pursued this research to clarify the role of this protein kinase for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We show that TGF-β1 induces the expression of furin in a broad spectrum of cells including Huh-7 and Calu-3 that are permissive for SARS-CoV-2. The inhibition of ALK5 by incubation with SB431542 revealed a dose-dependent downregulation of both basal and TGF-β1 induced furin expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ALK5 inhibitors SB431542 and Vactosertib negatively affect the proteolytic processing of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and significantly reduce spike-mediated cell-cell fusion. This correlated with an inhibitory effect of ALK5 inhibition on the production of infectious SARS-CoV-2. Altogether, our study shows that interference with ALK5 signaling attenuates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and cell-cell spread via downregulation of furin which is most pronounced upon TGF-β stimulation. Since a TGF-β dominated cytokine storm is a hallmark of severe COVID-19, ALK5 inhibitors undergoing clinical trials might represent a potential therapy option for COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Cell Fusion ; Furin ; Humans ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I (EC 2.7.11.30) ; Furin (EC 3.4.21.75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v14061308
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  6. Article ; Online: Virucidal activity of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen extraction buffers.

    Conzelmann, Carina / Weil, Tatjana / Olari, Lia-Raluca / Gilg, Andrea / Rauch, Lena / Albers, Dan P J / Groß, Rüdiger / Müller, Janis A / Münch, Jan

    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

    2021  Volume 147, Page(s) 105062

    Abstract: Since diagnostic sampling material must be considered as infectious, we evaluated whether extraction buffers of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test kits may inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Of concern, seven of nine tested buffers lacked potent virucidal activity. To ... ...

    Abstract Since diagnostic sampling material must be considered as infectious, we evaluated whether extraction buffers of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test kits may inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Of concern, seven of nine tested buffers lacked potent virucidal activity. To reduce risk of infection during assay performance, virucidal antigen extraction buffers that efficiently inactivate virus should replace the extraction buffers in these commercially available point-of-care devices.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Immunologic Tests ; Point-of-Care Systems ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1446080-4
    ISSN 1873-5967 ; 1386-6532
    ISSN (online) 1873-5967
    ISSN 1386-6532
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.105062
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  7. Article ; Online: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breastmilk.

    Groß, Rüdiger / Conzelmann, Carina / Müller, Janis A / Stenger, Steffen / Steinhart, Karin / Kirchhoff, Frank / Münch, Jan

    Lancet (London, England)

    2020  Volume 395, Issue 10239, Page(s) 1757–1758

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Milk, Human/virology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; RNA, Viral/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Viral Load ; Virus Shedding
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31181-8
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  8. Article: Undermining breastfeeding will not alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic - Authors' reply

    Groß, Rüdiger / Conzelmann, Carina / Müller, Janis A / Reister, Frank / Kirchhoff, Frank / Münch, Jan

    Lancet

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #838845
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article ; Online: Undermining breastfeeding will not alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic – Authors' reply

    Groß, Rüdiger / Conzelmann, Carina / Müller, Janis A / Reister, Frank / Kirchhoff, Frank / Münch, Jan

    The Lancet

    2020  Volume 396, Issue 10257, Page(s) 1065–1066

    Keywords General Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32066-3
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  10. Article: Serum neutralizing capacity and T-cell response against the omicron BA.1 variant in seropositive children and their parents one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Seidel, Alina / Jacobsen, Eva-Maria / Fabricius, Dorit / Class, Magdalena / Zernickel, Maria / Blum, Carmen / Conzelmann, Carina / Weil, Tatjana / Groß, Rüdiger / Bode, Sebastian F N / Renk, Hanna / Elling, Roland / Stich, Maximillian / Kirchhoff, Frank / Debatin, Klaus-Michael / Münch, Jan / Janda, Aleš

    Frontiers in pediatrics

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1020865

    Abstract: Introduction: Durability of immune protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 remains enigmatic, especially in the pediatric population and in the context of immune-evading variants of concern. Obviously, this knowledge is required for measures to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Durability of immune protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 remains enigmatic, especially in the pediatric population and in the context of immune-evading variants of concern. Obviously, this knowledge is required for measures to contain the spread of infection and in selecting rational preventive measures.
    Methods: Here, we investigated the serum neutralization capacity of 36 seropositive adults and 34 children approximately one year after infection with the ancestral Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2 by using a pseudovirus neutralization assay.
    Results: We found that 88.9% of seropositive adult (32/36) and 94.1% of seropositive children (32/34) convalescents retained the neutralizing activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain (WT). Although, the neutralization effect against Omicron BA.1 (B.1.1.529.1) was significantly lower, 70.6% (24/34) of children and 41.7% (15/36) of adults possessed BA.1 cross-neutralizing antibodies. The spike 1 (S1)-specific T cell recall capacity using an activation-induced marker assay was analyzed in 18 adults and 16 children. All participants had detectable S1-specific CD4 T cells against WT, and 72.2% (13/18) adults and 81,3% (13/16) children had detectable S1 WT-specific CD8 T cells. CD4 cross-reactivity against BA.1 was demonstrated in all investigated adults (18/18), and 66.7% (12/18) adult participants had also detectable specific CD8 BA.1 T cells while we detected BA.1 S1 reactive CD4 and CD8 T cells in 81.3% (13/16) children.
    Discussion: Together, our findings demonstrate that infection with the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2 in children as well as in adults induces robust serological as well as T cell memory responses that persist over at least 12 months. This suggests persistent immunological memory and partial cross-reactivity against Omicron BA.1.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711999-3
    ISSN 2296-2360
    ISSN 2296-2360
    DOI 10.3389/fped.2023.1020865
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