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  1. Article ; Online: Interpretability of bi-level variable selection methods.

    Buch, Gregor / Schulz, Andreas / Schmidtmann, Irene / Strauch, Konstantin / Wild, Philipp S

    Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift

    2024  Volume 66, Issue 2, Page(s) e2300063

    Abstract: Variable selection is usually performed to increase interpretability, as sparser models are easier to understand than full models. However, a focus on sparsity is not always suitable, for example, when features are related due to contextual similarities ... ...

    Abstract Variable selection is usually performed to increase interpretability, as sparser models are easier to understand than full models. However, a focus on sparsity is not always suitable, for example, when features are related due to contextual similarities or high correlations. Here, it may be more appropriate to identify groups and their predictive members, a task that can be accomplished with bi-level selection procedures. To investigate whether such techniques lead to increased interpretability, group exponential LASSO (GEL), sparse group LASSO (SGL), composite minimax concave penalty (cMCP), and least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO) as reference methods were used to select predictors in time-to-event, regression, and classification tasks in bootstrap samples from a cohort of 1001 patients. Different groupings based on prior knowledge, correlation structure, and random assignment were compared in terms of selection relevance, group consistency, and collinearity tolerance. The results show that bi-level selection methods are superior to LASSO in all criteria. The cMCP demonstrated superiority in selection relevance, while SGL was convincing in group consistency. An all-round capacity was achieved by GEL: the approach jointly selected correlated and content-related predictors while maintaining high selection relevance. This method seems recommendable when variables are grouped, and interpretation is of primary interest.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 131640-0
    ISSN 1521-4036 ; 0323-3847 ; 0006-3452
    ISSN (online) 1521-4036
    ISSN 0323-3847 ; 0006-3452
    DOI 10.1002/bimj.202300063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Impact of diesel exposure on human health: the saga continues ….

    Prochaska, Jürgen H / Müller, Felix / Wild, Philipp S

    European journal of preventive cardiology

    2021  Volume 28, Issue 15, Page(s) e10–e11

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Air Pollutants ; Vehicle Emissions/analysis
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants ; Vehicle Emissions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2626011-6
    ISSN 2047-4881 ; 2047-4873
    ISSN (online) 2047-4881
    ISSN 2047-4873
    DOI 10.1177/2047487320915335
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Predictors for COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in a Population-Based Cohort Study.

    Baumkötter, Rieke / Yilmaz, Simge / Zahn, Daniela / Schulz, Andreas / Prochaska, Jürgen H / Hettich-Damm, Nora / Schmidtmann, Irene / Schuster, Alexander K / Lackner, Karl J / Münzel, Thomas / Beutel, Manfred E / Wild, Philipp S

    Deutsches Arzteblatt international

    2024  Volume 120, Issue 51-52, Page(s) 886–887

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Cohort Studies ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2406159-1
    ISSN 1866-0452 ; 1866-0452
    ISSN (online) 1866-0452
    ISSN 1866-0452
    DOI 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0253
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Traffic-associated air pollution as a risk factor for cancer in individuals with coronary artery disease.

    Prochaska, Jürgen H / Wild, Philipp S

    European journal of preventive cardiology

    2018  Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 1117–1119

    MeSH term(s) Air Pollution ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasms ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2626011-6
    ISSN 2047-4881 ; 2047-4873
    ISSN (online) 2047-4881
    ISSN 2047-4873
    DOI 10.1177/2047487318768942
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: An epidemiological study exploring a possible impact of treatment with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers on ACE2 plasma concentrations.

    Wild, Philipp S / Dimmeler, Stefanie / Eschenhagen, Thomas

    Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology

    2020  Volume 141, Page(s) 108–109

    MeSH term(s) Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/enzymology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80157-4
    ISSN 1095-8584 ; 0022-2828
    ISSN (online) 1095-8584
    ISSN 0022-2828
    DOI 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Role of inflammatory signaling pathways involving the CD40-CD40L-TRAF cascade in diabetes and hypertension-insights from animal and human studies.

    Strohm, Lea / Daiber, Andreas / Ubbens, Henning / Krishnankutty, Roopesh / Oelze, Matthias / Kuntic, Marin / Hahad, Omar / Klein, Veronique / Hoefer, Imo E / von Kriegsheim, Alex / Kleinert, Hartmut / Atzler, Dorothee / Lurz, Philipp / Weber, Christian / Wild, Philipp S / Münzel, Thomas / Knosalla, Christoph / Lutgens, Esther / Daub, Steffen

    Basic research in cardiology

    2024  

    Abstract: CD40L-CD40-TRAF signaling plays a role in atherosclerosis progression and affects the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). We tested the hypothesis that CD40L-CD40-TRAF signaling is a potential therapeutic target in hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and ...

    Abstract CD40L-CD40-TRAF signaling plays a role in atherosclerosis progression and affects the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). We tested the hypothesis that CD40L-CD40-TRAF signaling is a potential therapeutic target in hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension. In mouse models of hyperlipidemia plus diabetes (db/db mice) or hypertension (1 mg/kg/d angiotensin-II for 7 days), TRAF6 inhibitor treatment (2.5 mg/kg/d for 7 or 14 days) normalized markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. As diabetes and hypertension are important comorbidities aggravating CHD, we explored whether the CD40L-CD40-TRAF signaling cascade and their associated inflammatory pathways are expressed in CHD patients suffering from comorbidities. Therefore, we analyzed vascular bypass material (aorta or internal mammary artery) and plasma from patients with CHD with diabetes and/or hypertension. Our Olink targeted plasma proteomic analysis using the IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY panel revealed a pattern of step-wise increase for 13/92 markers of low-grade inflammation with significant changes. CD40L or CD40 significantly correlated with 38 or 56 other inflammatory targets. In addition, specific gene clusters that correlate with the comorbidities were identified in isolated aortic mRNA of CHD patients through RNA-sequencing. These signaling clusters comprised CD40L-CD40-TRAF, immune system, hemostasis, muscle contraction, metabolism of lipids, developmental biology, and apoptosis. Finally, immunological analysis revealed key markers correlated with comorbidities in CHD patients, such as CD40L, NOX2, CD68, and 3-nitrotyrosine. These data indicate that comorbidities increase inflammatory pathways in CHD, and targeting these pathways will be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular events in CHD patients with comorbidities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189755-x
    ISSN 1435-1803 ; 0300-8428 ; 0175-9418
    ISSN (online) 1435-1803
    ISSN 0300-8428 ; 0175-9418
    DOI 10.1007/s00395-024-01045-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Medical Follow-Up in Long-Term Childhood Cancer Survivors: What Are the Reasons for Non-Attendance?

    Ernst, Mareike / Brähler, Elmar / Faber, Jörg / Wild, Philipp S / Merzenich, Hiltrud / Beutel, Manfred E

    Frontiers in psychology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 846671

    Abstract: As long-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk for late effects, ongoing medical care is crucial to detect and treat physical illnesses as early as possible. However, previous research from around the world has shown that many adult survivors ... ...

    Abstract As long-term childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk for late effects, ongoing medical care is crucial to detect and treat physical illnesses as early as possible. However, previous research from around the world has shown that many adult survivors did not participate in long-term medical follow-up. This study aimed to provide insight into German survivors' care situation, with a particular focus on barriers to follow-up care. We investigated a sample of adult CCS (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.846671
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: A systematic review and evaluation of statistical methods for group variable selection.

    Buch, Gregor / Schulz, Andreas / Schmidtmann, Irene / Strauch, Konstantin / Wild, Philipp S

    Statistics in medicine

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 331–352

    Abstract: This review condenses the knowledge on variable selection methods implemented in R and appropriate for datasets with grouped features. The focus is on regularized regressions identified through a systematic review of the literature, following the ... ...

    Abstract This review condenses the knowledge on variable selection methods implemented in R and appropriate for datasets with grouped features. The focus is on regularized regressions identified through a systematic review of the literature, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 14 methods are discussed, most of which use penalty terms to perform group variable selection. Depending on how the methods account for the group structure, they can be classified into knowledge and data-driven approaches. The first encompass group-level and bi-level selection methods, while two-step approaches and collinearity-tolerant methods constitute the second category. The identified methods are briefly explained and their performance compared in a simulation study. This comparison demonstrated that group-level selection methods, such as the group minimax concave penalty, are superior to other methods in selecting relevant variable groups but are inferior in identifying important individual variables in scenarios where not all variables in the groups are predictive. This can be better achieved by bi-level selection methods such as group bridge. Two-step and collinearity-tolerant approaches such as elastic net and ordered homogeneity pursuit least absolute shrinkage and selection operator are inferior to knowledge-driven methods but provide results without requiring prior knowledge. Possible applications in proteomics are considered, leading to suggestions on which method to use depending on existing prior knowledge and research question.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Computer Simulation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 843037-8
    ISSN 1097-0258 ; 0277-6715
    ISSN (online) 1097-0258
    ISSN 0277-6715
    DOI 10.1002/sim.9620
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Current and past depression as risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in men and women: evidence from a longitudinal community cohort.

    Wicke, Felix S / Otten, Daniëlle / Schulz, Andreas / Wild, Philipp S / Lackner, Karl J / Münzel, Thomas / König, Jochem / Ernst, Mareike / Wiltink, Jörg / Reiner, Iris / Ghaemi Kerahrodi, Jasmin / Pfeiffer, Norbert / Beutel, Manfred E

    Diabetology & metabolic syndrome

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 34

    Abstract: Background: Depression is associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, depression may take different courses, and it is not fully understood how these affect the development of diabetes. It is further to be determined whether ...

    Abstract Background: Depression is associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, depression may take different courses, and it is not fully understood how these affect the development of diabetes. It is further to be determined whether sex modifies the association between depression and type 2 diabetes.
    Methods: We analyzed data from the Gutenberg Health Study, a longitudinal and population-based cohort study (N = 15,010) in Germany. Depressive symptoms (measured by PHQ-9), history of depression, diabetes mellitus, and relevant covariates were assessed at baseline, and the outcomes of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus were evaluated 5 years later. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of incident prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus, adjusting for potential confounders as identified in a Directed Acyclic Graph.
    Results: In the confounder adjusted model, current depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10 at baseline; OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.11 to 2.74, p = 0.011), and persistent depression had a statistically significant (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.62 to 3.54, p = 0.005) effect on incident type 2 diabetes mellitus. A history of depression without current depression had no statistically significant effect on type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.68 to 1.43, p = 0.999). The effect of depression on incident diabetes did not differ significantly between women (OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.32 to 3.09) and men (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.41 to 3.31; p-value for interaction on the multiplicative scale p = 0.832 and on the additive scale p = 0.149). Depression did not have a significant effect on incident prediabetes.
    Conclusion: This study shows how the history and trajectory of depression shape the risk for diabetes. This raises interesting questions on the cumulative effects of depression trajectories on diabetes and body metabolism in general. Depression can negatively affect physical health, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality in people with mental disorders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518786-7
    ISSN 1758-5996
    ISSN 1758-5996
    DOI 10.1186/s13098-024-01273-4
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  10. Article ; Online: PCSK9: A link between air pollution and cardiovascular disease?

    Prochaska, Jürgen H / Tröbs, Sven-Oliver / Wild, Philipp S

    European journal of preventive cardiology

    2019  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 576–577

    MeSH term(s) Air Pollutants ; Air Pollution ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Proprotein Convertase 9
    Chemical Substances Air Pollutants ; PCSK9 protein, human (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Proprotein Convertase 9 (EC 3.4.21.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2626011-6
    ISSN 2047-4881 ; 2047-4873
    ISSN (online) 2047-4881
    ISSN 2047-4873
    DOI 10.1177/2047487319827726
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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