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  1. Article ; Online: An update on belimumab for the treatment of lupus.

    Thanou-Stavraki, Aikaterini / Sawalha, Amr H

    Biologics : targets & therapy

    2011  Volume 5, Page(s) 33–43

    Abstract: B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a homeostatic factor for B-cell differentiation and survival, has a major role in B-cell expansion and autoreactivity that characterize systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Belimumab, a BLyS-specific inhibitor, has shown ... ...

    Abstract B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a homeostatic factor for B-cell differentiation and survival, has a major role in B-cell expansion and autoreactivity that characterize systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Belimumab, a BLyS-specific inhibitor, has shown promising evidence of efficacy in several preclinical and clinical studies in SLE. Two recent large randomized controlled trials yielded a significant positive effect of the drug compared to placebo in patients with active disease. In this review, we discuss basic aspects of B-cell and BLyS biology in SLE and summarize the evidence supporting a role of belimumab in SLE, from animal studies to phase III clinical trials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-14
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2415708-9
    ISSN 1177-5491 ; 1177-5475
    ISSN (online) 1177-5491
    ISSN 1177-5475
    DOI 10.2147/BTT.S13804
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: An update on belimumab for the treatment of lupus

    Aikaterini Thanou-Stavraki / Amr H Sawalha

    Biologics: Targets & Therapy, Vol 2011, Iss default, Pp 33-

    2011  Volume 43

    Abstract: Aikaterini Thanou-Stavraki1, Amr H Sawalha1,2,31Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma ...

    Abstract Aikaterini Thanou-Stavraki1, Amr H Sawalha1,2,31Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; 2US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; 3Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USAAbstract: B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a homeostatic factor for B-cell differentiation and survival, has a major role in B-cell expansion and autoreactivity that characterize systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Belimumab, a BLyS-specific inhibitor, has shown promising evidence of efficacy in several preclinical and clinical studies in SLE. Two recent large randomized controlled trials yielded a significant positive effect of the drug compared to placebo in patients with active disease. In this review, we discuss basic aspects of B-cell and BLyS biology in SLE and summarize the evidence supporting a role of belimumab in SLE, from animal studies to phase III clinical trials.Keywords: B lymphocyte stimulator, lupus erythematosus, belimumab
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dove Medical Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Primary Sjogren's syndrome: current and prospective therapies.

    Thanou-Stavraki, Aikaterini / James, Judith A

    Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism

    2008  Volume 37, Issue 5, Page(s) 273–292

    Abstract: Objective: To summarize data on existing and experimental therapies for primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), referring both to sicca syndrome and to other systemic disease manifestations.: Methods: Relevant English and non-English articles acquired ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To summarize data on existing and experimental therapies for primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), referring both to sicca syndrome and to other systemic disease manifestations.
    Methods: Relevant English and non-English articles acquired through Medline were reviewed.
    Results: pSS usually has a benign clinical course, centered on sicca features and general musculoskeletal manifestations, and is managed symptomatically. However, a subset of patients develops more severe extraglandular disease that warrants close monitoring and aggressive treatment. For dry eyes and mouth, nonpharmacologic measures to preserve secretions, and tear and saliva substitutes, offer some symptomatic relief. Muscarinic agonists and topical cyclosporine yield well-documented improvement in ocular sicca features. Although traditional antirheumatic drugs are used empirically for polyarthritis and other Sjogren's symptoms, their efficacy in pSS overall and as disease-modifying agents is limited. For the potential severe, nonexocrine manifestations complicating pSS, standard high-dose immunosuppression is used. Among the biologic agents already examined in pSS, those targeting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha failed to demonstrate significant benefit. Nonetheless, rituximab and other B-cell-depleting therapies appear promising.
    Conclusions: Treatment of pSS patients with severe extraglandular disease should differ from that of patients with predominantly sicca features and/or general muscoloskeletal manifestations. pSS treatment is mainly symptomatic, primarily directed against sicca complaints. The traditional anti-rheumatic agents show limited efficacy in the systemic process and use of systemic TNF-alpha inhibitors has been very disappointing. B cell depleting treatments and other newer biologic therapies appear more promising.
    MeSH term(s) Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use ; B-Lymphocytes/drug effects ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Sjogren's Syndrome/blood ; Sjogren's Syndrome/drug therapy ; Sjogren's Syndrome/immunology ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
    Chemical Substances Antirheumatic Agents ; Immunologic Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120247-9
    ISSN 1532-866X ; 0049-0172
    ISSN (online) 1532-866X
    ISSN 0049-0172
    DOI 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.06.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Clarithromycin in adult-onset still's disease: a potentially useful therapeutic.

    Thanou-Stavraki, Aikaterini / Aberle, Teresa / Aksentijevich, Ivona / Bane, Barbara L / Harley, John B

    Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases

    2011  Volume 17, Issue 7, Page(s) 373–376

    Abstract: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), an autoinflammatory syndrome of unknown etiology, typically manifests with spiking fevers, polyarthritis, and characteristic evanescent rash. We describe a young woman with AOSD complicated by calf fasciitis that ... ...

    Abstract Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), an autoinflammatory syndrome of unknown etiology, typically manifests with spiking fevers, polyarthritis, and characteristic evanescent rash. We describe a young woman with AOSD complicated by calf fasciitis that serendipitously responded to clarithromycin administered for another indication. Remarkable improvement followed rechallenges with clarithromycin for subsequent AOSD flares. In addition to their antibacterial actions, macrolides demonstrate immunomodulatory effects, including suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production and neutrophil action. Previous clinical trials provide promising preliminary evidence of a therapeutic effect of macrolides in chronic inflammatory diseases. Although AOSD pathogenesis remains unclear, a role for dysregulation of innate immunity is supported by recent literature. Based on this possible innate immune mechanism, we suspect that macrolides may have induced a therapeutic response in this patient with AOSD. A clinical trial is warranted to establish or refute their therapeutic efficacy.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Clarithromycin/therapeutic use ; Fasciitis/diagnosis ; Fasciitis/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Panniculitis/diagnosis ; Panniculitis/drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/drug therapy ; Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/physiopathology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Clarithromycin (H1250JIK0A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1283266-2
    ISSN 1536-7355 ; 1076-1608
    ISSN (online) 1536-7355
    ISSN 1076-1608
    DOI 10.1097/RHU.0b013e3182320680
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Noodling and Mycobacterium marinum infection mimicking seronegative rheumatoid arthritis complicated by anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapy.

    Thanou-Stavraki, Aikaterini / Sawalha, Amr H / Crowson, A Neil / Harley, John B

    Arthritis care & research

    2010  Volume 63, Issue 1, Page(s) 160–164

    MeSH term(s) Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/drug therapy ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
    Chemical Substances Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645059-3
    ISSN 2151-4658 ; 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
    ISSN (online) 2151-4658
    ISSN 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
    DOI 10.1002/acr.20303
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  6. Article ; Online: Comparison of the Lupus Foundation of America-Rapid Evaluation of Activity in Lupus to More Complex Disease Activity Instruments As Evaluated by Clinical Investigators or Real-World Clinicians.

    Askanase, Anca D / Nguyen, Samantha C / Costenbader, Karen / Lim, S Sam / Kamen, Diane / Aranow, Cynthia / Grossman, Jennifer / Kapoor, Teja M / Baker-Frost, DeAnna / Aberle, Teresa / Thanou-Stavraki, Aikaterini / Hanrahan, Leslie M / Kim, Mimi / Merrill, Joan T

    Arthritis care & research

    2018  Volume 70, Issue 7, Page(s) 1058–1063

    Abstract: Objective: Lupus disease measures such as the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index are challenging to interpret. The Lupus Foundation of America-Rapid Evaluation of ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Lupus disease measures such as the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index are challenging to interpret. The Lupus Foundation of America-Rapid Evaluation of Activity in Lupus (LFA-REAL) is intended to provide an efficient application of anchored visual analog scores, each representing the individual severity of active symptoms, with the sum of individual scores deriving an overall disease activity assessment. Our objective was to compare the performance of LFA-REAL to systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity assessments and compare scores between trained lupus clinical investigators and clinicians.
    Methods: Investigators scored the SLEDAI, BILAG, physician's global assessment (PGA), and LFA-REAL, while the clinicians scored the LFA-REAL. The level of agreement between physicians and instruments was determined.
    Results: The study included 99 patients (93% women, 31% white, mean ± SD ages 43.4 ± 13.2 years). At the first visit, the mean ± SD SLEDAI score was 5.5 ± 4.5, BILAG score 6.7 ± 7.8, and PGA score 33.6 ± 24.5. The mean ± SD investigator LFA-REAL score was 46.2 ± 42.9, and clinician LFA-REAL score 56.1 ± 53.6. At the second visit, the mean ± SD investigator LFA-REAL score was 41.3 ± 36.7, and clinician LFA-REAL score 48.3 ± 42.6. Total LFA-REAL scores correlated positively with PGA, SLEDAI, and BILAG (ρ = 0.58-0.88, P < 0.001). LFA-REAL scores produced correlation coefficients of ρ > 0.7 for musculoskeletal, mucocutaneous, and renal BILAG domains. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the LFA-REAL scores of investigators and clinicians was 0.79 for visit 1 (P < 0.001) and 0.86 for visit 2 (P < 0.001).
    Conclusion: The LFA-REAL provides a reliable surrogate for more complicated disease activity measures when used by lupus clinical investigators or clinicians.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foundations/standards ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physicians/standards ; Research Personnel/standards ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 645059-3
    ISSN 2151-4658 ; 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
    ISSN (online) 2151-4658
    ISSN 0893-7524 ; 2151-464X
    DOI 10.1002/acr.23445
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