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Article ; Online: Buprenorphine versus Methadone in Pregnancy.

McCarthy, John J

2023 Volume 388, Issue 10, Page(s) 957

MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Methadone/therapeutic use ; Buprenorphine/therapeutic use ; Opioid-Related Disorders/drug therapy ; Opioid-Related Disorders/rehabilitation ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Methadone (UC6VBE7V1Z) ; Buprenorphine (40D3SCR4GZ) ; Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	207154-x
ISSN	1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
ISSN (online)	1533-4406
ISSN	0028-4793
DOI	10.1056/NEJMc2300439
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Article: Methadone and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS): what we think we know, but do not.

McCarthy, John J / Finnegan, Loretta P

Frontiers in pediatrics

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1316583

Abstract: Since the first use of methadone to treat OUD in pregnancy in the 1970s, there has been a long, controversial, and confusing history of studies, regulatory actions, and practice changes that have clouded an accurate perception of methadone's use in ... ...

Abstract	Since the first use of methadone to treat OUD in pregnancy in the 1970s, there has been a long, controversial, and confusing history of studies, regulatory actions, and practice changes that have clouded an accurate perception of methadone's use in pregnancy. This review will trace this history with a focus on the effect of methadone exposure during pregnancy on neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). A new laboratory measure, the serum methadone/metabolite ratio (MMR), has provided a tool for documenting the profoundly dynamic nature of perinatal metabolism. Continuous induction of metabolic enzymes during pregnancy requires dose adjustments and dose frequency changes. The concept of "fetal methadone dosing" emphasizes that relative stability of methadone levels in the fetus is an important consideration for methadone dosing in pregnancy. Finally, the effects of the societal "war on drugs" on pediatric management of neonatal withdrawal risks will be discussed, as well as the importance of comprehensive services for mother and child including the "rooming-in" approach of neonatal care which has considerably replaced the older NICU care model of maternal/infant separation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2711999-3
ISSN	2296-2360
ISSN	2296-2360
DOI	10.3389/fped.2023.1316583
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Article: Facilitating Active Collaborative Learning in Medical Education; a Literature Review of Peer Instruction Method.

Fakoya, Adegbenro Omotuyi John / Ndrio, Mariana / McCarthy, Kevin J

Advances in medical education and practice

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1087–1099

Abstract: The call for educational reform by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching marked a pivotal juncture in the trajectory of medical education in the United States. The call underscored the imperative for educational restructuring to equip ... ...

Abstract	The call for educational reform by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching marked a pivotal juncture in the trajectory of medical education in the United States. The call underscored the imperative for educational restructuring to equip forthcoming physicians with the requisite skills to engage in lifelong learning. Among the several active teaching methods is the Peer Instruction (PI), a brainchild of Eric Mazur, empowering students to steer their own education and wield knowledge adeptly into real-world scenarios. In this review paper, we delve into the core elements of PI which involves the combination of four dynamic pedagogical approaches which are: Just-in-Time Teaching, ConcepTest, Audience Response System, and Think-Pair-Share technique. PIs effectiveness notwithstanding, it is not exempt from limitations such as its flexible implementation, lengthy time, the level of expertise required for instructional design, among others. While Peer Instruction has become increasingly popular among educators across other disciplines, with proven educational benefits with positive outcomes, PIs footprint in gradate and postgraduate medical education remains inchoate, evidenced by a paucity of scholarly references. This underscores a crucial gap - despite its proven potency in fueling engagement and learning, PI still lacks formal recognition and acknowledgement as a distinct instructional method in medical education. Within these boundaries, the promise of heightened education and amplified engagement beckons further exploration of PI as a medical educational model, warranting more consideration and research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-03
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2578539-4
ISSN	1179-7258
ISSN	1179-7258
DOI	10.2147/AMEP.S421400
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Article ; Online: Individuals Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication and Participate in Active Recreation: Perspectives From Adults With Developmental Disabilities and Acquired Conditions.

Hajjar, David J / McCarthy, John W

American journal of speech-language pathology

2022 Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 375–389

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study was to gather the perspectives and lived experiences of 10 adults who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and participate in active recreation. Active recreational participation includes individual sports ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The aim of the study was to gather the perspectives and lived experiences of 10 adults who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and participate in active recreation. Active recreational participation includes individual sports such as adaptive skiing, surfing, and cycling, as well as unified team sports such as soccer, bocce, and basketball. Method: This research involved a qualitative study with two separate asynchronous online focus groups each conducted over a 6-week span. The focus groups included literate individuals who use AAC and engage in active recreational pursuits across the United States. One focus group included five individuals with acquired conditions, and the other group included five individuals with developmental disabilities. Results: Thematic analysis of the data from both focus groups revealed five primary themes with corresponding subthemes: barriers (intrinsic and extrinsic), supports (intrinsic and extrinsic), benefits (intrinsic and extrinsic), communication (methods), and recommendations for communication partners and people who use AAC. Conclusions: This study provides important information to individuals who use AAC and their communication partners about the benefits of active recreation and the supports needed to make these experiences successful. As a result of this study, speech-language pathologists, related professionals, and caregivers will gain a better understanding of how they can support recreational participation for people who use AAC with a specific focus on enhancing communication and expanding social networks. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17701043.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Communication ; Communication Aids for Disabled ; Communication Disorders ; Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis ; Developmental Disabilities/therapy ; Humans ; Recreation
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1154406-5
ISSN	1558-9110 ; 1058-0360
ISSN (online)	1558-9110
ISSN	1058-0360
DOI	10.1044/2021_AJSLP-21-00179
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Article ; Online: Engineering and standardization of posttranscriptional biocircuitry in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

McCarthy, John

Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro

2021 Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) 210–220

Abstract: This short review considers to what extent posttranscriptional steps of gene expression can provide the basis for novel control mechanisms and procedures in synthetic biology and biotechnology. The term biocircuitry is used here to refer to functionally ... ...

Abstract	This short review considers to what extent posttranscriptional steps of gene expression can provide the basis for novel control mechanisms and procedures in synthetic biology and biotechnology. The term biocircuitry is used here to refer to functionally connected components comprising DNA, RNA or proteins. The review begins with an overview of the diversity of devices being developed and then considers the challenges presented by trying to engineer more scaled-up systems. While the engineering of RNA-based and protein-based circuitry poses new challenges, the resulting 'toolsets' of components and novel mechanisms of operation will open up multiple new opportunities for synthetic biology. However, agreed procedures for standardization will need to be placed at the heart of this expanding field if the full potential benefits are to be realized.
MeSH term(s)	Biotechnology ; Genetic Engineering ; Metabolic Engineering ; RNA/genetics ; Reference Standards ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Synthetic Biology
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2480063-6
ISSN	1757-9708 ; 1757-9694
ISSN (online)	1757-9708
ISSN	1757-9694
DOI	10.1093/intbio/zyab013
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Article ; Online: Myonuclear permanence in skeletal muscle memory: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human and animal studies.

Rahmati, Masoud / McCarthy, John J / Malakoutinia, Fatemeh

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle

2022 Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 2276–2297

Abstract: One aspect of skeletal muscle memory is the ability of a previously trained muscle to hypertrophy more rapidly following a period of detraining. Although the molecular basis of muscle memory remains to be fully elucidated, one potential mechanism thought ...

Abstract	One aspect of skeletal muscle memory is the ability of a previously trained muscle to hypertrophy more rapidly following a period of detraining. Although the molecular basis of muscle memory remains to be fully elucidated, one potential mechanism thought to mediate muscle memory is the permanent retention of myonuclei acquired during the initial phase of hypertrophic growth. However, myonuclear permanence is debated and would benefit from a meta-analysis to clarify the current state of the field for this important aspect of skeletal muscle plasticity. The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to assess the permanence of myonuclei associated with changes in physical activity and ageing. When available, the abundance of satellite cells (SCs) was also considered given their potential influence on changes in myonuclear abundance. One hundred forty-seven peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion across five separate meta-analyses; (1-2) human and rodent studies assessed muscle response to hypertrophy; (3-4) human and rodent studies assessed muscle response to atrophy; and (5) human studies assessed muscle response with ageing. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy was associated with higher myonuclear content that was retained in rodents, but not humans, with atrophy (SMD = -0.60, 95% CI -1.71 to 0.51, P = 0.29, and MD = 83.46, 95% CI -649.41 to 816.32, P = 0.82; respectively). Myonuclear and SC content were both lower following atrophy in humans (MD = -11, 95% CI -0.19 to -0.03, P = 0.005, and SMD = -0.49, 95% CI -0.77 to -0.22, P = 0.0005; respectively), although the response in rodents was affected by the type of muscle under consideration and the mode of atrophy. Whereas rodent myonuclei were found to be more permanent regardless of the mode of atrophy, atrophy of ≥30% was associated with a reduction in myonuclear content (SMD = -1.02, 95% CI -1.53 to -0.51, P = 0.0001). In humans, sarcopenia was accompanied by a lower myonuclear and SC content (MD = 0.47, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.85, P = 0.02, and SMD = 0.78, 95% CI 0.37-1.19, P = 0.0002; respectively). The major finding from the present meta-analysis is that myonuclei are not permanent but are lost during periods of atrophy and with ageing. These findings do not support the concept of skeletal muscle memory based on the permanence of myonuclei and suggest other mechanisms, such as epigenetics, may have a more important role in mediating this aspect of skeletal muscle plasticity.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Atrophy ; Humans ; Hypertrophy/pathology ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Sarcopenia/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2586864-0
ISSN	2190-6009 ; 2190-5991
ISSN (online)	2190-6009
ISSN	2190-5991
DOI	10.1002/jcsm.13043
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Article ; Online: Walking net

Carter, Stephen J / Singh, Harshvardhan / Long, Emily B / Martins, Catia / McCarthy, John P / Bickel, C Scott / Bryan, David R / Hunter, Gary R

European journal of applied physiology

2024

Abstract: Purpose: Walking net : Methods: Secondary analyses were performed on 35 older (65 ± 3 years) women who completed a battery of physical assessments including fixed-speed, non-graded and graded (+ 2.5%) treadmill walking with indirect calorimetry to ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Walking net Methods: Secondary analyses were performed on 35 older (65 ± 3 years) women who completed a battery of physical assessments including fixed-speed, non-graded and graded (+ 2.5%) treadmill walking with indirect calorimetry to determine net Results: Bivariate correlations showed non-graded (r = 0.403, p = 0.017) and graded (r = 0.413, p = 0.014) net Conclusion: These data support the premise that, in older women, walking net
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124793-1
ISSN	1439-6327 ; 1432-1025 ; 0301-5548 ; 1439-6319
ISSN (online)	1439-6327 ; 1432-1025
ISSN	0301-5548 ; 1439-6319
DOI	10.1007/s00421-024-05465-8
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Article: Exploring a Potential Interaction Between the Effect of Specific Maternal Smoking Patterns and Comorbid Antenatal Depression in Causing Postpartum Depression.

Kondracki, Anthony J / Attia, John R / Valente, Matthew J / Roth, Kimberly B / Akin, Marshall / McCarthy, Claire A / Barkin, Jennifer L

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

2024 Volume 20, Page(s) 795–807

Abstract: Purpose: To explore a potential interaction between the effect of specific maternal smoking patterns and the presence of antenatal depression, as independent exposures, in causing postpartum depression (PPD).: Methods: This case-control study of ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To explore a potential interaction between the effect of specific maternal smoking patterns and the presence of antenatal depression, as independent exposures, in causing postpartum depression (PPD). Methods: This case-control study of participants with singleton term births (N = 51220) was based on data from the 2017-2018 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. Multivariable log-binomial regression models examined the main effects of smoking patterns and self-reported symptoms of antenatal depression on the risk of PPD on the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) scale and tested a two-way interaction adjusting for covariates selected in a directed acyclic graph (DAG). The interaction effects were measured on the additive scale using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), the attributable proportion of interaction (AP), and the synergy index (SI). Causal effects were defined in a counterfactual framework. The E-value quantified the potential impact of unobserved/unknown covariates, conditional on observed covariates. Results: Among 6841 women in the sample who self-reported PPD, 35.7% also reported symptoms of antenatal depression. Out of 3921 (7.7%) women who reported smoking during pregnancy, 32.6% smoked at high intensity (≥10 cigarettes/day) in all three trimesters and 36.6% had symptoms of antenatal depression. The main effect of PPD was the strongest for women who smoked at high intensity throughout pregnancy (aRR 1.65; 95% CI: 1.63, 1.68). A synergistic interaction was detected, and the effect of all maternal smoking patterns was augmented, particularly in late pregnancy for Conclusion: Strong associations and interaction effects between maternal smoking patterns and co-occurring antenatal depression support smoking prevention and cessation interventions during pregnancy to lower the likelihood of PPD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186503-6
ISSN	1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
ISSN (online)	1178-2021
ISSN	1176-6328
DOI	10.2147/NDT.S450236
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Article ; Online: Multi-objective property optimisation of a phosphoserine-modified calcium phosphate cement for orthopaedic and dental applications using design of experiments methodology.

Tzagiollari, Antzela / Redmond, John / McCarthy, Helen O / Levingstone, Tanya J / Dunne, Nicholas J

Acta biomaterialia

2023 Volume 174, Page(s) 447–462

Abstract: Phosphoserine is a ubiquitous molecule found in numerous proteins and, when combined with alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) powder, demonstrates the ability to generate an adhesive biomaterial capable of stabilising and repairing bone fractures. Design ... ...

Abstract	Phosphoserine is a ubiquitous molecule found in numerous proteins and, when combined with alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) powder, demonstrates the ability to generate an adhesive biomaterial capable of stabilising and repairing bone fractures. Design of Experiments (DoE) approach was able to optimise the composition of phosphoserine-modified calcium phosphate cement (PM-CPC) demonstrating that the liquid:powder ratio (LPR) and quantity of phosphoserine (wt%) significantly influenced the handling, mechanical, and adhesion properties. Subsequently, the DoE optimisation process identified the optimal PM-CPC formulation, exhibiting a compressive strength of 29.2 ± 4.9 MPa and bond/shear strength of 3.6 ± 0.9 MPa after a 24 h setting reaction. Moreover, the optimal PM-CPC composition necessitated a mixing time of 20 s and displayed an initial setting time between 3 and 4 min, thus enabling homogenous mixing and precise delivery within a surgical environment. Notably, the PM-CPC demonstrated a bone-to-bone bond strength of 1.05 ± 0.3 MPa under wet conditions, coupled with a slow degradation rate during the first five days. These findings highlight the ability of PM-CPC to effectively support and stabilise bone fragments during the initial stages of natural bone healing. The developed PM-CPC formulations fulfil the clinical requirements for working and setting times, static mechanical, degradation properties, and injectability, enabling surgeons to stabilise complex bone fractures. This innovative bioinspired adhesive represents a significant advancement in the treatment of challenging bone injuries, offering precise delivery within a surgical environment and the potential to enhance patient outcomes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This manuscript presents a noteworthy contribution to the field of bone fracture healing and fixation by introducing a novel phosphoserine-modified calcium phosphate cement (PM-CPC) adhesive by incorporating phosphoserine and alpha-TCP. This study demonstrates the fabrication and extensive characterisation of this adhesive biomaterial that holds great promise for stabilising and repairing complex bone fractures. Design of Experiment (DoE) software was used to investigate the correlations between process, property, and structure of the adhesive, resulting in a cost-effective formulation with desirable physical and handling properties. The PM-CPC adhesive exhibited excellent adhesion and cohesion properties in wet-field conditions. This research offers significant potential for clinical translation and contributes to the ongoing advancements in bone tissue engineering.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Phosphoserine ; Orthopedics ; Powders ; Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium Phosphates/pharmacology ; Calcium Phosphates/chemistry ; Fractures, Bone ; Bone Cements/pharmacology ; Bone Cements/chemistry ; Materials Testing
Chemical Substances	Phosphoserine (17885-08-4) ; Powders ; Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium Phosphates ; Bone Cements
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2173841-5
ISSN	1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
ISSN (online)	1878-7568
ISSN	1742-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.024
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Article ; Online: Most Orthopaedic Platelet-Rich Plasma Investigations Don't Report Protocols and Composition: An Updated Systematic Review.

Lim, Joseph J / Belk, John W / Wharton, Benjamin R / McCarthy, Timothy P / McCarty, Eric C / Dragoo, Jason L / Frank, Rachel M

Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association

2024

Abstract: Purpose: To systematically review the literature to assess the heterogeneity of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparation and composition reporting for the treatment of musculoskeletal/orthopaedic pathologies.: Methods: A systematic review was performed ...

Abstract	Purpose: To systematically review the literature to assess the heterogeneity of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparation and composition reporting for the treatment of musculoskeletal/orthopaedic pathologies. Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify Level I and Level II studies from 2016 to 2022 that evaluated the use of PRP therapy for musculoskeletal pathologies. The search phrase used was "platelet-rich plasma clinical studies." Studies were assessed based on their reporting of the PRP preparation methods and reporting of PRP composition. Results: One hundred twenty-four studies (in 120 articles) met inclusion criteria for analysis. Of these studies, 15 (12.1%) provided comprehensive reporting, including a clear, well-described, and reproducible preparation protocol that future investigators can follow. Thirty-three studies (26.6%) quantitatively reported the final PRP product composition. Conclusions: Among the studies using PRP for the treatment of musculoskeletal/orthopaedic pathologies, less than 20% provided a clear, well-described, and reproducible PRP preparation protocol, and only one-fourth of studies reported on the final PRP product composition. Clinical relevance: A diverse current reporting of PRP composition between studies provides a high heterogeneity of the term "PRP," which becomes a limitation for a comparison of studies using PRP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	632528-2
ISSN	1526-3231 ; 0749-8063
ISSN (online)	1526-3231
ISSN	0749-8063
DOI	10.1016/j.arthro.2024.03.021
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