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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Eating to learn, learning to eat

    Ruis, Andrew R.

    the origins of school lunch in the United States

    (Critical issues in health and medicine)

    2017  

    Author's details A. R. Ruis
    Series title Critical issues in health and medicine
    Keywords Nutrition ; Food habits
    Language English
    Size 1 Online Resource (208 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher Rutgers
    Publishing place New Brunswick ; Camden ; Newark ; London
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT019451159
    ISBN 9780813584096 ; 9780813590486 ; 0813584094 ; 0813590485
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: A feasibility study for a unified, multimodal analysis of online information foraging in health-related topics.

    Zörgő, Szilvia / Peters, Gjalt-Jorn / Jeney, Anna / Shaffer, David Williamson / Ruis, Andrew R / Crutzen, Rik

    Open research Europe

    2024  Volume 3, Page(s) 98

    Abstract: Background: Digital health literacy (DHL) is the ability to find, understand, and appraise online health-related information, as well as apply it to health behavior. It has become a core competence for navigating online information and health service ... ...

    Abstract Background: Digital health literacy (DHL) is the ability to find, understand, and appraise online health-related information, as well as apply it to health behavior. It has become a core competence for navigating online information and health service environments. DHL involves solving ill-structured problems, where the problem and its solution are not clearcut and may have no single answer, such as in the process of sensemaking. We employ and expand on information foraging theory to address how experts and novices in information retrieval perform a search task. Our overarching aim is to pinpoint best practices and pitfalls in understanding and appraising health-related information online to develop a digital intervention to increase DHL and critical thinking.
    Methods: In this feasibility study, we recruited a total of twenty participants for our expert and novice subsamples. We collected sociodemographic data with a self-developed survey, video data through an observation protocol of a 10-minute search task, as well as audio-video data via a retrospective think-aloud. The three, multimodal data streams were transcribed and aligned. Codes were developed inductively in several iterations, then applied deductively to the entire dataset. Tabularized, coded and segmented qualitative data were used to create various quantitative models, which demonstrate viability for the qualitative and statistical comparison of our two subsamples.
    Results: Data were visualized with Epistemic Network Analysis to analyze code co-occurrences in the three aligned data streams, and with Qualitative/Unified Exploration of State Transitions to examine the order in which participants in our two subsamples encountered online content.
    Conclusions: This paper describes our methods and planned analyses elaborated with mock figures. Quantifying qualitative data, aligning data streams, and representing all information in a tabularized dataset allows us to group data according to various participant attributes and employ data visualization techniques to pinpoint patterns therein.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-06
    Publishing country Belgium
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2732-5121
    ISSN (online) 2732-5121
    DOI 10.12688/openreseurope.16119.2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: Arrival and lairage management

    Ruis, M.A.W. / Holmes, R.

    Thematic factsheet (version 1.0)

    2021  

    Keywords Life Science
    Language English
    Publisher EURCAW-Pigs
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Book: Eating to learn, learning to eat

    Ruis, A. R

    the origins of school lunch in the United States

    (Critical issues in health and medicine series)

    2017  

    Abstract: In Eating to Learn, Learning to Eat, historian A.R. Ruis explores the origins of American ... analysis of the policies and politics that governed the creation of school meal programs, Ruis demonstrates how the early ...

    Author's details A.R. Ruis
    Series title Critical issues in health and medicine series
    Abstract In Eating to Learn, Learning to Eat, historian A.R. Ruis explores the origins of American school meal initiatives to explain why it was (and, to some extent, has continued to be) so difficult to establish meal programs that satisfy the often competing interests of children, parents, schools, health authorities, politicians, and the food industry. Through careful studies of several key contexts and detailed analysis of the policies and politics that governed the creation of school meal programs, Ruis demonstrates how the early history of school meal program development helps us understand contemporary debates over changes to school lunch policies. -- Provided by publisher.
    Keywords National school lunch program/History. ; National school lunch program.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-2017
    Size ix, 201 pages :, illustrations, maps ;, 22 cm.
    Document type Book
    ISBN 0813584078 ; 0813590485 ; 9780813584072 ; 9780813590486 ; 9780813584089 ; 9780813584096 ; 9780813590868 ; 0813584086 ; 0813584094 ; 0813590868
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: "Children with half-starved bodies" and the assessment of malnutrition in the United States, 1890-1950.

    Ruis, A R

    Bulletin of the history of medicine

    2013  Volume 87, Issue 3, Page(s) 378–406

    Abstract: Malnutrition was one of the most significant children's health issues of the early twentieth century, but it also engendered considerable controversy. Just how many children were truly malnourished, and how could they be reliably identified? Despite the ... ...

    Abstract Malnutrition was one of the most significant children's health issues of the early twentieth century, but it also engendered considerable controversy. Just how many children were truly malnourished, and how could they be reliably identified? Despite the failures of numerous diagnostic methods-even the definition of malnutrition defied consensus-health authorities remained convinced that malnutrition was a serious and widespread problem. Indeed, the imprecision that surrounded the condition allowed it to be used metaphorically to advance a broad range of professional, social, and public health agendas. By the 1940s, due in part to the lack of reliable diagnostic methods, public health nutrition policy shifted abruptly from one of assessment, based on mass surveillance and individualized care, to one of management, based on a universal program of nutrition education, fortification of foods, and food security that treated all children as in need of nutritional assistance.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Malnutrition/diagnosis ; Malnutrition/history ; Nutrition Policy/history ; Nutrition Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Nutritional Status ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80281-5
    ISSN 1086-3176 ; 0007-5140
    ISSN (online) 1086-3176
    ISSN 0007-5140
    DOI 10.1353/bhm.2013.0044
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua II Zs.48: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  6. Article ; Online: Annals and Analytics: The Practice of History in the Age of Big Data.

    Ruis, A R / Shaffer, David Williamson

    Medical history

    2017  Volume 61, Issue 2, Page(s) 336–339

    MeSH term(s) Big Data ; Data Analysis ; History ; Humans ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 214353-7
    ISSN 2048-8343 ; 0025-7273
    ISSN (online) 2048-8343
    ISSN 0025-7273
    DOI 10.1017/mdh.2017.24
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua II Zs.120: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: A molnupiravir-associated mutational signature in global SARS-CoV-2 genomes.

    Sanderson, Theo / Hisner, Ryan / Donovan-Banfield, I'ah / Hartman, Hassan / Løchen, Alessandra / Peacock, Thomas P / Ruis, Christopher

    Nature

    2023  Volume 623, Issue 7987, Page(s) 594–600

    Abstract: Molnupiravir, an antiviral medication widely used against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), acts by inducing mutations in the virus genome during replication. Most random mutations are likely to be deleterious to the virus and ...

    Abstract Molnupiravir, an antiviral medication widely used against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), acts by inducing mutations in the virus genome during replication. Most random mutations are likely to be deleterious to the virus and many will be lethal; thus, molnupiravir-induced elevated mutation rates reduce viral load
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Cytidine/analogs & derivatives ; Cytidine/pharmacology ; Cytidine/therapeutic use ; Genome, Viral/drug effects ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Hydroxylamines/pharmacology ; Hydroxylamines/therapeutic use ; Mutation/drug effects ; Phylogeny ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Viral Load ; Virus Replication/drug effects ; Virus Replication/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Mutagenesis/drug effects ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Cytidine (5CSZ8459RP) ; Hydroxylamines ; molnupiravir (YA84KI1VEW)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-023-06649-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 26: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 9: Show issues
    Zs.MO 244: Show issues

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  8. Article ; Online: Impact of transient acquired hypermutability on the inter- and intra-species competitiveness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

    On, Yue Yuan / Figueroa, Wendy / Fan, Catherine / Ho, Pok-Man / Bényei, Éva Bernadett / Weimann, Aaron / Ruis, Christopher / Floto, Andres R / Welch, Martin

    The ISME journal

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 11, Page(s) 1931–1939

    Abstract: Once acquired, hypermutation is unrelenting, and in the long-term, leads to impaired fitness due to its cumulative impact on the genome. This raises the question of why hypermutators arise so frequently in microbial ecosystems. In this work, we explore ... ...

    Abstract Once acquired, hypermutation is unrelenting, and in the long-term, leads to impaired fitness due to its cumulative impact on the genome. This raises the question of why hypermutators arise so frequently in microbial ecosystems. In this work, we explore this problem by examining how the transient acquisition of hypermutability affects inter- and intra-species competitiveness, and the response to environmental insults such as antibiotic challenge. We do this by engineering Pseudomonas aeruginosa to allow the expression of an important mismatch repair gene, mutS, to be experimentally controlled over a wide dynamic range. We show that high levels of mutS expression induce genomic stasis (hypomutation), whereas lower levels of induction lead to progressively higher rates of mutation. Whole-genome sequence analyses confirmed that the mutational spectrum of the inducible hypermutator is similar to the distinctive profile associated with mutS mutants obtained from the airways of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The acquisition of hypermutability conferred a distinct temporal fitness advantage over the wild-type P. aeruginosa progenitor strain, in both the presence and the absence of an antibiotic selection pressure. However, over a similar time-scale, acquisition of hypermutability had little impact on the population dynamics of P. aeruginosa when grown in the presence of a competing species (Staphylococcus aureus). These data indicate that in the short term, acquired hypermutability primarily confers a competitive intra-species fitness advantage.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/physiology ; Ecosystem ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Mutation ; Cystic Fibrosis ; Pseudomonas Infections
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2406536-5
    ISSN 1751-7370 ; 1751-7362
    ISSN (online) 1751-7370
    ISSN 1751-7362
    DOI 10.1038/s41396-023-01503-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7773: Show issues

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  9. Article ; Online: A framework for automated scalable designation of viral pathogen lineages from genomic data.

    McBroome, Jakob / de Bernardi Schneider, Adriano / Roemer, Cornelius / Wolfinger, Michael T / Hinrichs, Angie S / O'Toole, Aine Niamh / Ruis, Christopher / Turakhia, Yatish / Rambaut, Andrew / Corbett-Detig, Russell

    Nature microbiology

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 550–560

    Abstract: Pathogen lineage nomenclature systems are a key component of effective communication and collaboration for researchers and public health workers. Since February 2021, the Pango dynamic lineage nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2 has been sustained by ... ...

    Abstract Pathogen lineage nomenclature systems are a key component of effective communication and collaboration for researchers and public health workers. Since February 2021, the Pango dynamic lineage nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2 has been sustained by crowdsourced lineage proposals as new isolates were sequenced. This approach is vulnerable to time-critical delays as well as regional and personal bias. Here we developed a simple heuristic approach for dividing phylogenetic trees into lineages, including the prioritization of key mutations or genes. Our implementation is efficient on extremely large phylogenetic trees consisting of millions of sequences and produces similar results to existing manually curated lineage designations when applied to SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses including chikungunya virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex and Zika virus. This method offers a simple, automated and consistent approach to pathogen nomenclature that can assist researchers in developing and maintaining phylogeny-based classifications in the face of ever-increasing genomic datasets.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Horses/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/genetics ; Genomics ; Base Sequence ; Genome, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Zika Virus/genetics ; Zika Virus Infection
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2058-5276
    ISSN (online) 2058-5276
    DOI 10.1038/s41564-023-01587-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Book ; Online: Viral Networks: Connecting Digital Humanities and Medical History

    Porter, Nathaniel D. / Phillips, Christopher J. / Archambeau, Nicole / Cottle, Katherine / Ruis, A. R. / DiMeo, Michelle / Engelmann, Lukas / Sorrels, Katherine / Smith, Kylie / Runcie, Sarah / Reznick, Jeffrey S. / Randall, Katherine / Ewing, Thomas E.

    2018  

    Abstract: This volume of original essays explores the power of network thinking and analysis for humanities research. Contributing authors are all scholars whose research focuses on a medical history topic-from the Black Death in fourteenth-century Provence to ... ...

    Abstract This volume of original essays explores the power of network thinking and analysis for humanities research. Contributing authors are all scholars whose research focuses on a medical history topic-from the Black Death in fourteenth-century Provence to psychiatric hospitals in twentieth-century Alabama. The chapters take readers through a variety of situations in which scholars must determine if network analysis is right for their research; and, if the answer is yes, what the possibilities are for implementation. Along the way, readers will find practical tips on identifying an appropriate network to analyze, finding the best way to apply network analysis, and choosing the right tools for data visualization. All the chapters in this volume grew out of the 2018 Viral Networks workshop, hosted by the History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine (NIH), funded by the Office of Digital Humanities of the National Endowment for the Humanities, and organized by Virginia Tech
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics
    Size 1 electronic resource (284 pages)
    Publisher Virginia Tech Publishing
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note english ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020395039
    ISBN 9781949373028 ; 9781949373004 ; 9781949373066 ; 9781949373011 ; 1949373029 ; 1949373002 ; 1949373061 ; 1949373010
    DOI https://doi.org/10.21061/viral-networks
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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