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  1. Article ; Online: La keyicine - Quand deux têtes valent mieux qu’une pour identifier un antibiotique !

    Carignan, Alex / Fortier, Louis-Charles

    Medecine sciences : M/S

    2018  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 377–379

    Title translation Discovery of keyicin, a new antibiotic: it takes two to tango.
    MeSH term(s) Anthracyclines/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Coculture Techniques/methods ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects ; Humans ; Oligosaccharides/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anthracyclines ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Oligosaccharides ; keyicin
    Language French
    Publishing date 2018-06-13
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632733-3
    ISSN 1958-5381 ; 0767-0974
    ISSN (online) 1958-5381
    ISSN 0767-0974
    DOI 10.1051/medsci/20183405002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Identification of an unusual cluster of human granulocytic anaplasmosis in the Estrie region, Québec, Canada in 2021.

    Campeau, Laurence / Roy, Valérie / Petit, Geneviève / Baron, Geneviève / Blouin, Jacinthe / Carignan, Alex

    Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada

    2022  Volume 48, Issue 5, Page(s) 188–195

    Abstract: Background: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a potentially severe tick-borne infection caused by the bacterium : Methods: Confirmed cases of HGA were defined as individuals with typical clinical manifestations and a positive polymerase chain ... ...

    Abstract Background: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a potentially severe tick-borne infection caused by the bacterium
    Methods: Confirmed cases of HGA were defined as individuals with typical clinical manifestations and a positive polymerase chain reaction assay. The cases were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and clinical data was obtained from medical records.
    Results: A total of 25 confirmed cases were identified during the 2021 transmission season, thus constituting the largest known cluster of HGA in Canada. The most common symptoms reported were fever, fatigue and headaches. Laboratory investigations found that 20 (80%) of the patients had thrombocytopenia and 18 (72%) had leukopenia at presentation. Almost half of the patients required hospitalization (n=11, 44%), with a median duration of four days (interquartile range [IQR] 2.5-5 days), including one patient who required intensive care. No deaths were recorded during the study. Epidemiological investigation found that all cases were domestically acquired, and yard maintenance was the most prevalent at-risk activity identified. Only seven (28%) cases had been aware of a tick bite in the previous two weeks.
    Conclusion: Detection of this unusual cluster of HGA cases provides further evidence that
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-05
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146585-2
    ISSN 1188-4169
    ISSN 1188-4169
    DOI 10.14745/ccdr.v48i05a02
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Impact of climate change on emerging infectious diseases: Implications for Canada.

    Carignan, Alex / Valiquette, Louis / Laupland, Kevin B

    Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada

    2019  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 55–59

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-17
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2371-0888
    ISSN (online) 2371-0888
    DOI 10.3138/jammi.2018-12-10
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The safety of seasonal influenza vaccination among adults prescribed immune checkpoint inhibitors: A self-controlled case series study using administrative data.

    Grima, Alicia A / Kwong, Jeffrey C / Richard, Lucie / Reid, Jennifer / Raphael, Jacques / Basta, Nicole E / Carignan, Alex / Top, Karina A / Brousseau, Nicholas / Blanchette, Phillip S / Sundaram, Maria E

    Vaccine

    2024  Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 1498–1505

    Abstract: Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for patients undergoing cancer treatment carries a risk of severe immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Questions remain about whether seasonal influenza vaccination might increase the risk of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for patients undergoing cancer treatment carries a risk of severe immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Questions remain about whether seasonal influenza vaccination might increase the risk of developing IRAEs among these patients given that vaccines are immunomodulatory. Previous vaccine safety studies on patients with cancer prescribed ICI therapy have demonstrated conflicting results.
    Methods: Using health administrative data from Ontario, Canada among adults diagnosed with cancer who had been prescribed ICI therapy and who had received an influenza vaccine from 2012 to 2019, we conducted a self-controlled case series study. The pre-vaccination control period started 42-days post-ICI initiation until 14-days prior to vaccination, the risk period was 1-42 days post-vaccination, and the post-vaccination control period was after the risk period until ICI discontinuation or a maximum period of two years. Emergency department (ED) visit(s) and/or hospitalization for any cause after ICI initiation was used to identify severe IRAEs. We fitted a fixed-effects Poisson regression model accounting for seasonality and calendar time to estimate relative incidence of IRAEs between risk and control periods.
    Results: We identified 1133 records of cancer patients who received influenza vaccination while prescribed ICI therapy. Most were aged ≥ 66 years (73 %), were male (63 %), had lung cancer (54 %), and had received ICI therapy with a programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) inhibitor (91 %). A quarter (26 %) experienced an ED visit and/or hospitalization during the observation period. Rates of ED visits and/or hospitalizations in the risk vs. control periods were similar, with an incidence rate ratio of 1.04 (95 % CI: 0.75-1.45). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses yielded similar results.
    Conclusion: Seasonal influenza vaccination was not associated with an increased incidence of ED visit or hospitalization among adults with cancer treated with ICI therapy and our results support further evidence of vaccine safety.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Influenza, Human/etiology ; Seasons ; Neoplasms ; Influenza Vaccines ; Lung Neoplasms ; Research Design ; Vaccination/adverse effects ; Ontario/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Influenza Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Mortality associated with Blastomyces dermatitidis infection: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

    Carignan, Alex / Denis, Mélina / Abou Chakra, Claire Nour

    Medical mycology

    2019  Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–10

    Abstract: Published case fatality in blastomycosis patients ranges between 4% and 78%. This study aimed to assess mortality associated with blastomycosis and identify its associated risk factors. We conducted a systematic review of publications related to ... ...

    Abstract Published case fatality in blastomycosis patients ranges between 4% and 78%. This study aimed to assess mortality associated with blastomycosis and identify its associated risk factors. We conducted a systematic review of publications related to Blastomyces dermatitidis available in PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies that reported data on blastomycosis mortality and that were published from inception through February 2018 were assessed and included in the analysis. Using the R meta package, a random-effect model meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled and stratified estimates of case-fatality proportions and risk ratios. Of 1553 publications, we included 20 studies reporting on a total of 2820 cases of blastomycosis between 1970 and 2014 and three case series reports with 10, 21, and 36 patients. The mean or median ages ranged from 28 to 59 years. Mortality was defined as attributable mortality caused by blastomycosis in 13 studies. Among 14 studies with a standard error ≤0.05, the overall pooled mortality was 6.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9-8.2) with 57% heterogeneity. The mortality rate was 37% (95% CI, 23-51) in immunocompromised patients and 75% (95% CI, 53-96) in patients who developed an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (n = 3 studies each). ARDS was the only identified risk factor in general patients (risk ratio = 10.2). The overall mortality was significantly higher in studies involving immunocompromised patients and ARDS patients. Our analysis showed considerable heterogeneity among studies. Inconsistent mortality definitions may have contributed to the observed heterogeneity. Further research is needed to assess potential risk factors for mortality.
    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Blastomyces ; Blastomycosis/drug therapy ; Blastomycosis/microbiology ; Blastomycosis/mortality ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Odds Ratio ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/complications ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1421796-x
    ISSN 1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
    ISSN (online) 1460-2709
    ISSN 1369-3786
    DOI 10.1093/mmy/myz048
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Impact and benefit-cost ratio of a program for the management of latent tuberculosis infection among refugees in a region of Canada.

    Pépin, Jacques / Desjardins, France / Carignan, Alex / Lambert, Michel / Vaillancourt, Isabelle / Labrie, Christiane / Mercier, Dominique / Bourque, Rachel / LeBlanc, Louiselle

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) e0267781

    Abstract: Introduction: The identification and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among immigrants from high-incidence regions who move to low-incidence countries is generally considered an ineffective strategy because only ≈14% of them comply with ...

    Abstract Introduction: The identification and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among immigrants from high-incidence regions who move to low-incidence countries is generally considered an ineffective strategy because only ≈14% of them comply with the multiple steps of the 'cascade of care' and complete treatment. In the Estrie region of Canada, a refugee clinic was opened in 2009. One of its goals is LTBI management.
    Methods: Key components of this intervention included: close collaboration with community organizations, integration within a comprehensive package of medical care for the whole family, timely delivery following arrival, shorter treatment through preferential use of rifampin, and risk-based selection of patients to be treated. Between 2009-2020, 5131 refugees were evaluated. To determine the efficacy and benefit-cost ratio of this intervention, records of refugees seen in 2010-14 (n = 1906) and 2018-19 (n = 1638) were reviewed. Cases of tuberculosis (TB) among our foreign-born population occurring before (1997-2008) and after (2009-2020) setting up the clinic were identified. All costs associated with TB or LTBI were measured.
    Results: Out of 441 patients offered LTBI treatment, 374 (85%) were compliant. Adding other losses, overall compliance was 69%. To prevent one case of TB, 95.1 individuals had to be screened and 11.9 treated, at a cost of $16,056. After discounting, each case of TB averted represented $32,631, for a benefit-cost ratio of 2.03. Among nationals of the 20 countries where refugees came from, incidence of TB decreased from 68.2 (1997-2008) to 26.3 per 100,000 person-years (2009-2020). Incidence among foreign-born persons from all other countries not targeted by the intervention did not change.
    Conclusions: Among refugees settling in our region, 69% completed the LTBI cascade of care, leading to a 61% reduction in TB incidence. This intervention was cost-beneficial. Current defeatism towards LTBI management among immigrants and refugees is misguided. Compliance can be enhanced through simple measures.
    MeSH term(s) Canada/epidemiology ; Humans ; Latent Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Latent Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Mass Screening ; Refugees ; Tuberculosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0267781
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  7. Article: Current and future burden from Lyme disease in Québec as a result of climate change.

    Ripoche, Marion / Irace-Cima, Alexandra / Adam-Poupart, Ariane / Baron, Geneviève / Bouchard, Catherine / Carignan, Alex / Milord, François / Ouhoummane, Najwa / Pilon, Pierre A / Thivierge, Karine / Zinszer, Kate / Chaumont, Diane

    Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada

    2023  Volume 49, Issue 10, Page(s) 446–456

    Abstract: Context: Environmental changes will foster the spread of : Methods: Cases of Lyme disease reported in Québec from 2015 to 2019 were used to describe their demographic, geographical and clinical characteristics and the cost of their initial care. ... ...

    Abstract Context: Environmental changes will foster the spread of
    Methods: Cases of Lyme disease reported in Québec from 2015 to 2019 were used to describe their demographic, geographical and clinical characteristics and the cost of their initial care. Three incidence rate scenarios were then developed to estimate the number of cases expected by 2050, based on demographic and climate projections.
    Results: From 2016 to 2019, 1,473 cases of Lyme disease were reported in Québec. Over 90% of those cases were acquired in two regions of southern Québec (Estrie and Montérégie), while the individuals infected were residents from all over Québec. The average age of cases is 44 years and 66% of infections were at the localized stage, the first stage of Lyme disease. The cost of initial care is estimated at an average of $182 CAN per patient ($47 CAN at the localized stage and $443 CAN at the disseminated stage). According to projections, over 95% of the Québec population will live in a climate zone conducive to the establishment of ticks by 2050, with a number of cases acquired in Québec being 1.3 to 14.5 times higher than in 2019, depending on the incidence rate scenario used.
    Conclusion: The epidemiological burden is concentrated primarily in southern Québec, but the clinical and economic burden is already distributed throughout the province. The projections for 2050 should help the regions of Québec adapt and optimize public health protection measures.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146585-2
    ISSN 1188-4169
    ISSN 1188-4169
    DOI 10.14745/ccdr.v49i10a06
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Is Antimicrobial Dosing Adjustment Associated with Better Outcomes in Patients with Severe Obesity and Bloodstream Infections? An Exploratory Study.

    Sirard, Stéphanie / Abou Chakra, Claire Nour / Langlois, Marie-France / Perron, Julie / Carignan, Alex / Valiquette, Louis

    Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 10

    Abstract: The impact of adjusted treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with severe obesity is unclear. This study included adults with severe obesity admitted for bloodstream infections between 2005 and 2015. The patients were grouped according to the ... ...

    Abstract The impact of adjusted treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with severe obesity is unclear. This study included adults with severe obesity admitted for bloodstream infections between 2005 and 2015. The patients were grouped according to the percentage of the appropriateness of the dosage of their antimicrobial treatment: 80-100% = good, 20-79% = moderate, and 0-19% = poor. The association between antimicrobial adjustment and a composite of unfavourable outcomes [intensive care unit stay ≥72 h, duration of sepsis >3 days, length of stay ≥7 days or all-cause 30-day mortality] was assessed using logistic regression. Of 110 included episodes, the adjustment was rated good in 47 (43%) episodes, moderate in 31 (28%), and poor in 32 (29%). Older age, Pitt bacteremia score ≥2, sepsis on day 1, and infection site were independent risk factors for unfavourable outcomes. The level of appropriateness was not associated with unfavourable outcomes. The number of antimicrobials, consultation with an infectious disease specialist, blood urea nitrogen 7-10.9 mmol/L, and hemodialysis were significantly associated with adjusted antimicrobial dosing. While the severity of the infection had a substantial impact on the measured outcomes, we did not find an association between dosing optimization and better outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2681345-2
    ISSN 2079-6382
    ISSN 2079-6382
    DOI 10.3390/antibiotics9100707
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Validation of saliva sampling as an alternative to oro-nasopharyngeal swab for detection of SARS-CoV-2 using unextracted rRT-PCR with the Allplex 2019-nCoV assay.

    Bergevin, Marco Andres / Freppel, Wesley / Robert, Guylaine / Ambaraghassi, Georges / Aubry, Dany / Haeck, Olivier / Saint-Jean, Maude / Carignan, Alex

    Journal of medical microbiology

    2021  Volume 70, Issue 8

    Abstract: Introduction. ...

    Abstract Introduction.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx/virology ; Oropharynx/virology ; Prospective Studies ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Saliva/virology ; Specimen Handling
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Validation Study
    ZDB-ID 218356-0
    ISSN 1473-5644 ; 0022-2615
    ISSN (online) 1473-5644
    ISSN 0022-2615
    DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.001404
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its first variants in fourplex real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays.

    Durand, Mathieu / Thibault, Philippe / Lévesque, Simon / Brault, Ariane / Carignan, Alex / Valiquette, Louis / Martin, Philippe / Labbé, Simon

    Microbial cell (Graz, Austria)

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–20

    Abstract: The early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections is required to identify and isolate contagious patients to prevent further transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we present a multitarget real-time TaqMan ...

    Abstract The early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections is required to identify and isolate contagious patients to prevent further transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we present a multitarget real-time TaqMan reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) assay for the quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 and some of its circulating variants harboring mutations that give the virus a selective advantage. Seven different primer-probe sets that included probes containing locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotides were designed to amplify specific wild-type and mutant sequences in Orf1ab, Envelope (E), Spike (S), and Nucleocapsid (N) genes. Furthermore, a newly developed primer-probe set targeted human β
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-25
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2814756-X
    ISSN 2311-2638
    ISSN 2311-2638
    DOI 10.15698/mic2022.01.767
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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