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  1. Article ; Online: Antiepileptic drugs and suicidality.

    Britton, Jeffery W / Shih, Jerry J

    Drug, healthcare and patient safety

    2010  Volume 2, Page(s) 181–189

    Abstract: The risk of suicide in patients with epilepsy is significantly higher than the general population. There are many hypotheses as to the reasons for this, but the potential role of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in increasing suicidality has recently been ... ...

    Abstract The risk of suicide in patients with epilepsy is significantly higher than the general population. There are many hypotheses as to the reasons for this, but the potential role of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in increasing suicidality has recently been brought into question. In 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published a warning after a meta-analysis of data from all clinical trials involving AEDs found a suicidality risk of 0.43 per 1000 patients in active drug arms of these clinical trials compared to a rate in the placebo arm of 0.22. While an increased risk for individual AEDs was found in two, the FDA decided to issue a warning for the entire AED class. While this decision and the meta-analysis findings have been considered controversial, and have created concern that this stated risk may dissuade use of AEDs by patients who would benefit from them, it has led to increased awareness of the risk of suicidality and psychiatric co-morbidity in this patient group. In this article, the association of epilepsy and AEDs with psychiatric disease and suicidality are reviewed, perspective as to the significance and limitations of the FDA's findings are discussed, and some options for suicidality screening and their potential utility in clinical care are evaluated.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-09-28
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2520700-3
    ISSN 1179-1365 ; 1179-1365
    ISSN (online) 1179-1365
    ISSN 1179-1365
    DOI 10.2147/DHPS.S13225
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Antiepileptic drugs and suicidality

    Jeffery W Britton / Jerry J Shih

    Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 181-

    2010  Volume 189

    Abstract: Jeffery W Britton1, Jerry J Shih21Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 2Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL ...

    Abstract Jeffery W Britton1, Jerry J Shih21Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 2Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USAAbstract: The risk of suicide in patients with epilepsy is significantly higher than the general population. There are many hypotheses as to the reasons for this, but the potential role of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in increasing suicidality has recently been brought into question. In 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published a warning after a meta-analysis of data from all clinical trials involving AEDs found a suicidality risk of 0.43 per 1000 patients in active drug arms of these clinical trials compared to a rate in the placebo arm of 0.22. While an increased risk for individual AEDs was found in two, the FDA decided to issue a warning for the entire AED class. While this decision and the meta-analysis findings have been considered controversial, and have created concern that this stated risk may dissuade use of AEDs by patients who would benefit from them, it has led to increased awareness of the risk of suicidality and psychiatric co-morbidity in this patient group. In this article, the association of epilepsy and AEDs with psychiatric disease and suicidality are reviewed, perspective as to the significance and limitations of the FDA’s findings are discussed, and some options for suicidality screening and their potential utility in clinical care are evaluated. Keywords: antiepileptic drugs, suicidality, FDA, behavior
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dove Medical Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: GABAB receptor autoantibody frequency in service serologic evaluation.

    Jeffery, Oliver J / Lennon, Vanda A / Pittock, Sean J / Gregory, Jeremy K / Britton, Jeffrey W / McKeon, Andrew

    Neurology

    2013  Volume 81, Issue 10, Page(s) 882–887

    Abstract: Objective: Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and limbic encephalitis are recognized γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor (GABABR) autoantibody accompaniments. We sought to determine in a diagnostic serology laboratory the frequency and accompaniments ( ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and limbic encephalitis are recognized γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor (GABABR) autoantibody accompaniments. We sought to determine in a diagnostic serology laboratory the frequency and accompaniments (neurologic, oncologic, and serologic) of GABABR-immunoglobulin G (IgG).
    Methods: We tested stored serum and CSF specimens from 3 patient groups for GABABR-IgG by indirect immunofluorescence on mouse brain tissue and transfected HEK293 cells. Group 1 included 3,989 patients tested for GABABR-IgG in service evaluation for suspected autoimmune encephalopathy. Group 2 included 49 patients with an unclassified CNS synaptic IgG detected (antedating descriptions of GABABR autoantibody). Group 3 included 384 patients in whom ≥1 SCLC-predictive autoantibodies had been detected.
    Results: GABABR-specific IgG was detected in 17 patients (serum, 14; CSF, 11). N-type calcium channel antibody coexisted with GABABR-IgG in all seropositive patients of groups 1 and 2. In group 1, 7 of 3,989 patients were positive (0.2%). All had limbic encephalitis; 5 had SCLC. Four patients received immunotherapy and improved neurologically. In group 2, 5 of 49 patients were positive (10%). Three had limbic encephalitis, 1 had rapidly progressive encephalomyelopathy, and 1 had cerebellar ataxia. Two patients had SCLC and 1 had multiple myeloma. In group 3, 5 of 384 patients were positive (1.3%); titers were low (detected only by transfected cell assay). The neurologic presentations were diverse and attributable to coexisting T-cell-mediated autoimmunity (indicated by CRMP-5 IgG [2], ANNA-1 [2], and ANNA-3 [2]), rather than to GABABR-IgG.
    Conclusion: GABABR autoantibody is a marker of an uncommon but treatable paraneoplastic neurologic disorder, usually occurring in the setting of limbic encephalitis and SCLC.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autoantibodies/biosynthesis ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Brain Diseases/blood ; Brain Diseases/diagnosis ; Encephalitis ; Female ; HEK293 Cells ; Hashimoto Disease/blood ; Hashimoto Disease/diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, GABA-B/immunology ; Serologic Tests/standards ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies ; Immunoglobulin G ; Receptors, GABA-B
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207147-2
    ISSN 1526-632X ; 0028-3878
    ISSN (online) 1526-632X
    ISSN 0028-3878
    DOI 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a35271
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Efficacy of a reduced electroencephalography electrode array for detection of seizures.

    Rubin, Mark N / Jeffery, Oliver J / Fugate, Jennifer E / Britton, Jeffery W / Cascino, Gregory D / Worrell, Gregory A / Hocker, Sara E / Wijdicks, Eelco F / Rabinstein, Alejandro A

    The Neurohospitalist

    2013  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) 6–8

    Abstract: Background: The expertise required for proper electroencephalography (EEG) setup can make the 10-20 array unwieldy in the hospital setting. There may be a role for an EEG array with reduced leads to improve the efficiency of inpatient practice.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: The expertise required for proper electroencephalography (EEG) setup can make the 10-20 array unwieldy in the hospital setting. There may be a role for an EEG array with reduced leads to improve the efficiency of inpatient practice.
    Methods: Clips from 100 EEG records, 50 ictal and 50 non-ictal, in adult inpatients from January 1, 2007, to January 1, 2012, were retrospectively reviewed and selected for digital lead reduction and blind review. Two epileptologists reviewed these tracings and documented the presence of seizures and severe disturbance of background. The reduced array included 7 leads spanning the scalp. Three different montages were available. Sensitivity and specificity of the reduced array were calculated using the formal EEG report as the comparison standard.
    Results: For the detection of any seizure, the reduced array EEG had a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 96%. Sensitivity for identifying encephalopathic patterns was 62% and specificity was 86%. Focal seizures were more readily identified by the reduced array (20 of 25) than were generalized ictal patterns (13 of 25).
    Conclusion: The reduced electrode array was insufficiently sensitive to seizure detection. Reducing EEG leads might not be a preferred means of optimizing hospital EEG efficiency.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2629083-2
    ISSN 1941-8752 ; 1941-8744
    ISSN (online) 1941-8752
    ISSN 1941-8744
    DOI 10.1177/1941874413507930
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards interlaboratory study on intensity calibration for x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy instruments using low-density polyethylene.

    Reed, Benjamen P / Cant, David J H / Spencer, Steve J / Carmona-Carmona, Abraham Jorge / Bushell, Adam / Herrera-Gómez, Alberto / Kurokawa, Akira / Thissen, Andreas / Thomas, Andrew G / Britton, Andrew J / Bernasik, Andrzej / Fuchs, Anne / Baddorf, Arthur P / Bock, Bernd / Theilacker, Bill / Cheng, Bin / Castner, David G / Morgan, David J / Valley, David /
    Willneff, Elizabeth A / Smith, Emily F / Nolot, Emmanuel / Xie, Fangyan / Zorn, Gilad / Smith, Graham C / Yasufuku, Hideyuki / Fenton, Jeffery L / Chen, Jian / Counsell, Jonathan D P / Radnik, Jörg / Gaskell, Karen J / Artyushkova, Kateryna / Yang, Li / Zhang, Lulu / Eguchi, Makiho / Walker, Marc / Hajdyła, Mariusz / Marzec, Mateusz M / Linford, Matthew R / Kubota, Naoyoshi / Cortazar-Martínez, Orlando / Dietrich, Paul / Satoh, Riki / Schroeder, Sven L M / Avval, Tahereh G / Nagatomi, Takaharu / Fernandez, Vincent / Lake, Wayne / Azuma, Yasushi / Yoshikawa, Yusuke / Shard, Alexander G

    Journal of vacuum science & technology. A, Vacuum, surfaces, and films : an official journal of the American Vacuum Society

    2020  Volume 38, Issue 6, Page(s) 63208

    Abstract: We report the results of a Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards interlaboratory study on the intensity scale calibration of x-ray photoelectron spectrometers using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as an alternative material to gold, ... ...

    Abstract We report the results of a Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards interlaboratory study on the intensity scale calibration of x-ray photoelectron spectrometers using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as an alternative material to gold, silver, and copper. An improved set of LDPE reference spectra, corrected for different instrument geometries using a quartz-monochromated Al Kα x-ray source, was developed using data provided by participants in this study. Using these new reference spectra, a transmission function was calculated for each dataset that participants provided. When compared to a similar calibration procedure using the NPL reference spectra for gold, the LDPE intensity calibration method achieves an absolute offset of ∼3.0% and a systematic deviation of ±6.5% on average across all participants. For spectra recorded at high pass energies (≥90 eV), values of absolute offset and systematic deviation are ∼5.8% and ±5.7%, respectively, whereas for spectra collected at lower pass energies (<90 eV), values of absolute offset and systematic deviation are ∼4.9% and ±8.8%, respectively; low pass energy spectra perform worse than the global average, in terms of systematic deviations, due to diminished count rates and signal-to-noise ratio. Differences in absolute offset are attributed to the surface roughness of the LDPE induced by sample preparation. We further assess the usability of LDPE as a secondary reference material and comment on its performance in the presence of issues such as variable dark noise, x-ray warm up times, inaccuracy at low count rates, and underlying spectrometer problems. In response to participant feedback and the results of the study, we provide an updated LDPE intensity calibration protocol to address the issues highlighted in the interlaboratory study. We also comment on the lack of implementation of a consistent and traceable intensity calibration method across the community of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) users and, therefore, propose a route to achieving this with the assistance of instrument manufacturers, metrology laboratories, and experts leading to an international standard for XPS intensity scale calibration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0734-2101
    ISSN 0734-2101
    DOI 10.1116/6.0000577
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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