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  1. Article: N-Acetyl Cysteine Restores the Diminished Activity of the Antioxidant Enzymatic System Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Preliminary Findings.

    Soto, María Elena / Manzano-Pech, Linaloe / Palacios-Chavarría, Adrían / Valdez-Vázquez, Rafael Ricardo / Guarner-Lans, Verónica / Pérez-Torres, Israel

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 4

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 infects type II pneumocytes and disrupts redox homeostasis by overproducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a precursor of the synthesis of glutathione (GSH) and it restores the loss of redox homeostasis associated to ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infects type II pneumocytes and disrupts redox homeostasis by overproducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a precursor of the synthesis of glutathione (GSH) and it restores the loss of redox homeostasis associated to viral infections. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of the treatment with NAC on the enzymatic antioxidant system in serum from patients infected by SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated the enzymatic activities of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), -S-transferase (GST), and reductase (GR) by spectrophotometry and the concentrations of the glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), thiols, nitrites (NO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph16040591
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Redox Homeostasis Alteration Is Restored through Melatonin Treatment in COVID-19 Patients: A Preliminary Study.

    Soto, María Elena / Pérez-Torres, Israel / Manzano-Pech, Linaloe / Palacios-Chavarría, Adrían / Valdez-Vázquez, Rafael Ricardo / Guarner-Lans, Verónica / Soria-Castro, Elizabeth / Díaz-Díaz, Eulises / Castrejón-Tellez, Vicente

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 8

    Abstract: Type II pneumocytes are the target of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which alters their redox homeostasis to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS). Melatonin (MT) has antioxidant proprieties and protects mitochondrial function. In this study, we evaluated ... ...

    Abstract Type II pneumocytes are the target of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which alters their redox homeostasis to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS). Melatonin (MT) has antioxidant proprieties and protects mitochondrial function. In this study, we evaluated whether treatment with MT compensated for the redox homeostasis alteration in serum from COVID-19 patients. We determined oxidative stress (OS) markers such as carbonyls, glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), thiols, nitrites (NO
    MeSH term(s) Melatonin/therapeutic use ; Melatonin/pharmacology ; Humans ; Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19/blood ; Homeostasis/drug effects ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Antioxidants/therapeutic use ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Male ; Female ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Aged ; Adult ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Glutathione/blood
    Chemical Substances Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL) ; Antioxidants ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms25084543
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  3. Article ; Online: Hyperglycemia and Loss of Redox Homeostasis in COVID-19 Patients.

    Soto, María Elena / Guarner-Lans, Verónica / Díaz-Díaz, Eulises / Manzano-Pech, Linaloe / Palacios-Chavarría, Adrían / Valdez-Vázquez, Rafael Ricardo / Aisa-Álvarez, Alfredo / Saucedo-Orozco, Huitzilihuitl / Pérez-Torres, Israel

    Cells

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 6

    Abstract: The infection with SARS-CoV-2 impairs the glucose−insulin axis and this contributes to oxidative (OS) and nitrosative (NSS) stress. Here, we evaluated changes in glucose metabolism that could promote the loss of redox homeostasis in COVID-19 patients. ... ...

    Abstract The infection with SARS-CoV-2 impairs the glucose−insulin axis and this contributes to oxidative (OS) and nitrosative (NSS) stress. Here, we evaluated changes in glucose metabolism that could promote the loss of redox homeostasis in COVID-19 patients. This was comparative cohort and analytical study that compared COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects. The study population consisted of 61 COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidities and 25 healthy subjects (HS). In all subjects the plasma glucose, insulin, 8-isoprostane, Vitamin D, H2S and 3-nitrotyrosine were determined by ELISA. The nitrites (NO2−), lipid-peroxidation (LPO), total-antioxidant-capacity (TAC), thiols, glutathione (GSH) and selenium (Se) were determined by spectrophotometry. The glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), 8-isoprostanes, 3-nitrotyrosine (p < 0.001) and LPO were increased (p = 0.02) while Vitamin D (p = 0.01), H2S, thiols, TAC, GSH and Se (p < 0.001) decreased in COVID-19 patients in comparison to HS. The SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in alterations in the glucose−insulin axis that led to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and IR in patients with and without comorbidities. These alterations increase OS and NSS reflected in increases or decreases in some oxidative markers in plasma with major impact or fatal consequences in patients that course with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, subjects without comorbidities could have long-term alterations in the redox homeostasis after infection.
    MeSH term(s) Antioxidants/metabolism ; COVID-19 ; Glucose ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/complications ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Selenium ; Sulfhydryl Compounds ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Insulin ; Sulfhydryl Compounds ; Vitamins ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O) ; Selenium (H6241UJ22B) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells11060932
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  4. Article: Recommendations: Mechanical ventilation in anesthesia. what an intensivist has to tell to an anesthesiologist/ Recomendaciones covid-19: Ventilación mecánica en anestesia. lo que un intensivista tiene que contarle a un anestesiólogo

    Monares-Zepeda, Enrique / Guerrero-Gutiérrez, Manuel Alberto / Meneses-Olguín, Cristóbal / Palacios-Chavarría, Adrián

    Rev. Mex. Anestesiol.

    Abstract: The objective of these recommendations is that they are within the reach of any anesthesiologist, in order to carry out protective ventilation in the patient during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which a patient with unique characteristics is confronted, with ...

    Abstract The objective of these recommendations is that they are within the reach of any anesthesiologist, in order to carry out protective ventilation in the patient during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which a patient with unique characteristics is confronted, with difficult ventilatory management in a setting crisis of scarcity of resources, lack and fatigue of health personnel. We do not recommend using these guides in a different setting.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #620249
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Impact on the Clinical Evolution of Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia and the Participation of the

    Soto, María Elena / Fuentevilla-Álvarez, Giovanny / Palacios-Chavarría, Adrián / Vázquez, Rafael Ricardo Valdez / Herrera-Bello, Héctor / Moreno-Castañeda, Lidia / Torres-Paz, Yazmín Estela / González-Moyotl, Nadia Janet / Pérez-Torres, Idalia / Aisa-Alvarez, Alfredo / Manzano-Pech, Linaloe / Pérez-Torres, Israel / Huesca-Gómez, Claudia / Gamboa, Ricardo

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 1

    Abstract: In patients with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19, the deregulation of oxidative stress is present. Nuclear erythroid factor 2 (NRF2) is regulated by KEAP1, and NRF2 regulates the expression of genes such as NFE2L2-KEAP1, which are involved in cellular ... ...

    Abstract In patients with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19, the deregulation of oxidative stress is present. Nuclear erythroid factor 2 (NRF2) is regulated by KEAP1, and NRF2 regulates the expression of genes such as NFE2L2-KEAP1, which are involved in cellular defense against oxidative stress. In this study, we analyzed the participation of the polymorphisms of NFE2L2 and KEAP1 genes in the mechanisms of damage in lung disease patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with COVID-19 and a control group were included. Organ dysfunction was evaluated using SOFA. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed and classified as moderate or severe by ventilatory status and by the Berlin criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome. SNPs in the gene locus for NFE2L2, rs2364723C>G, and KEAP1, rs9676881A>G, and rs34197572C>T were determined by qPCR. We analyzed 110 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: 51 with severe evolution and 59 with moderate evolution. We also analyzed 111 controls. Significant differences were found for rs2364723 allele G in severe cases vs. controls (p = 0.02); for the rs9676881 allele G in moderate cases vs. controls (p = 0.04); for the rs34197572 allele T in severe cases vs. controls (p = 0.001); and in severe vs. moderate cases (p = 0.004). Our results showed that NFE2L2 rs2364723C>G allele G had a protective effect against severe COVID-19, while KEAP1 rs9676881A>G allele G and rs34197572C>T minor allele T were associated with more aggressive stages of COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/genetics ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances KEAP1 protein, human ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; NFE2L2 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24010415
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  6. Article ; Online: Hyperglycemia and Loss of Redox Homeostasis in COVID-19 Patients

    María Elena Soto / Verónica Guarner-Lans / Eulises Díaz-Díaz / Linaloe Manzano-Pech / Adrían Palacios-Chavarría / Rafael Ricardo Valdez-Vázquez / Alfredo Aisa-Álvarez / Huitzilihuitl Saucedo-Orozco / Israel Pérez-Torres

    Cells, Vol 11, Iss 932, p

    2022  Volume 932

    Abstract: The infection with SARS-CoV-2 impairs the glucose–insulin axis and this contributes to oxidative (OS) and nitrosative (NSS) stress. Here, we evaluated changes in glucose metabolism that could promote the loss of redox homeostasis in COVID-19 patients. ... ...

    Abstract The infection with SARS-CoV-2 impairs the glucose–insulin axis and this contributes to oxidative (OS) and nitrosative (NSS) stress. Here, we evaluated changes in glucose metabolism that could promote the loss of redox homeostasis in COVID-19 patients. This was comparative cohort and analytical study that compared COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects. The study population consisted of 61 COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidities and 25 healthy subjects (HS). In all subjects the plasma glucose, insulin, 8-isoprostane, Vitamin D, H 2 S and 3-nitrotyrosine were determined by ELISA. The nitrites (NO 2 − ), lipid-peroxidation (LPO), total-antioxidant-capacity (TAC), thiols, glutathione (GSH) and selenium (Se) were determined by spectrophotometry. The glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR ( p < 0.001), 8-isoprostanes, 3-nitrotyrosine ( p < 0.001) and LPO were increased ( p = 0.02) while Vitamin D ( p = 0.01), H 2 S, thiols, TAC, GSH and Se ( p < 0.001) decreased in COVID-19 patients in comparison to HS. The SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in alterations in the glucose–insulin axis that led to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and IR in patients with and without comorbidities. These alterations increase OS and NSS reflected in increases or decreases in some oxidative markers in plasma with major impact or fatal consequences in patients that course with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, subjects without comorbidities could have long-term alterations in the redox homeostasis after infection.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; homeostasis redox ; hyperglycemia ; lipid peroxidation ; selenium ; thiols ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Alteration in the Lipid Profile and the Desaturases Activity in Patients With Severe Pneumonia by SARS-CoV-2.

    Pérez-Torres, Israel / Guarner-Lans, Verónica / Soria-Castro, Elizabeth / Manzano-Pech, Linaloe / Palacios-Chavarría, Adrián / Valdez-Vázquez, Rafael Ricardo / Domínguez-Cherit, Jose Guillermo / Herrera-Bello, Hector / Castillejos-Suastegui, Humberto / Moreno-Castañeda, Lidia / Alanís-Estrada, Gabriela / Hernández, Fabián / González-Marcos, Omar / Márquez-Velasco, Ricardo / Soto, María Elena

    Frontiers in physiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 667024

    Abstract: The kidnapping of the lipid metabolism of the host's cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) allows the virus to transform the cells into optimal machines for its assembly and replication. Here we evaluated changes in the fatty acid (FA) ... ...

    Abstract The kidnapping of the lipid metabolism of the host's cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) allows the virus to transform the cells into optimal machines for its assembly and replication. Here we evaluated changes in the fatty acid (FA) profile and the participation of the activity of the desaturases, in plasma of patients with severe pneumonia by SARS-CoV-2. We found that SARS-CoV-2 alters the FA metabolism in the cells of the host. Changes are characterized by variations in the desaturases that lead to a decrease in total fatty acid (TFA), phospholipids (PL) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). These alterations include a decrease in palmitic and stearic acids (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.667024
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  8. Article ; Online: Impact on the Clinical Evolution of Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia and the Participation of the NFE2L2/KEAP1 Polymorphisms in Regulating SARS-CoV-2 Infection

    María Elena Soto / Giovanny Fuentevilla-Álvarez / Adrián Palacios-Chavarría / Rafael Ricardo Valdez Vázquez / Héctor Herrera-Bello / Lidia Moreno-Castañeda / Yazmín Estela Torres-Paz / Nadia Janet González-Moyotl / Idalia Pérez-Torres / Alfredo Aisa-Alvarez / Linaloe Manzano-Pech / Israel Pérez-Torres / Claudia Huesca-Gómez / Ricardo Gamboa

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 1, p

    2022  Volume 415

    Abstract: In patients with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19, the deregulation of oxidative stress is present. Nuclear erythroid factor 2 (NRF2) is regulated by KEAP1, and NRF2 regulates the expression of genes such as NFE2L2-KEAP1 , which are involved in cellular ... ...

    Abstract In patients with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19, the deregulation of oxidative stress is present. Nuclear erythroid factor 2 (NRF2) is regulated by KEAP1, and NRF2 regulates the expression of genes such as NFE2L2-KEAP1 , which are involved in cellular defense against oxidative stress. In this study, we analyzed the participation of the polymorphisms of NFE2L2 and KEAP1 genes in the mechanisms of damage in lung disease patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with COVID-19 and a control group were included. Organ dysfunction was evaluated using SOFA. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed and classified as moderate or severe by ventilatory status and by the Berlin criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome. SNPs in the gene locus for NFE2L2 , rs2364723C>G, and KEAP1 , rs9676881A>G, and rs34197572C>T were determined by qPCR. We analyzed 110 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: 51 with severe evolution and 59 with moderate evolution. We also analyzed 111 controls. Significant differences were found for rs2364723 allele G in severe cases vs. controls ( p = 0.02); for the rs9676881 allele G in moderate cases vs. controls ( p = 0.04); for the rs34197572 allele T in severe cases vs. controls ( p = 0.001); and in severe vs. moderate cases ( p = 0.004). Our results showed that NFE2L2 rs2364723C>G allele G had a protective effect against severe COVID-19, while KEAP1 rs9676881A>G allele G and rs34197572C>T minor allele T were associated with more aggressive stages of COVID-19.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; pathogenesis ; inflammation ; NFE2L2 ; KEAP1 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Antioxidants and pentoxifylline as coadjuvant measures to standard therapy to improve prognosis of patients with pneumonia by COVID-19.

    Chavarría, Adrián Palacios / Vázquez, Rafael Ricardo Valdez / Cherit, José Guillermo Domínguez / Bello, Héctor Herrera / Suastegui, Humberto Castillejos / Moreno-Castañeda, Lidia / Alanís Estrada, Gabriela / Hernández, Fabián / González-Marcos, Omar / Saucedo-Orozco, Huitzilihuitl / Manzano-Pech, Linaloe / Márquez-Velasco, Ricardo / Guarner-Lans, Verónica / Pérez-Torres, Israel / Soto, Maria Elena

    Computational and structural biotechnology journal

    2021  Volume 19, Page(s) 1379–1390

    Abstract: The type 2 coronavirus causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) and produces pneumonia with pulmonary alveolar collapse. In some cases it also causes sepsis and septic shock. There is no specific treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- ...

    Abstract The type 2 coronavirus causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) and produces pneumonia with pulmonary alveolar collapse. In some cases it also causes sepsis and septic shock. There is no specific treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vitamin C (Vit C), Vitamin E (Vit E), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Melatonin (MT) increase the intracellular content of GSH, kidnap free radicals and protect DNA, proteins in the cytosol and lipids in cell membranes. Pentoxifylline (Px) has anti-inflammatory activities. Here we evaluate the effect of Vit C, Vit E, NAC, and MT plus Px in COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe pneumonia. 110 patients of either sex were included. They were divided into five groups with 22 patients each. Group 1 received Vit C + Px, group 2 Vit E + Px, group 3 NAC + Px, group 4 MT + Px, and group 5 only Px. Oxidative stress (OS) markers such as lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitrites (NO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2694435-2
    ISSN 2001-0370
    ISSN 2001-0370
    DOI 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.02.009
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  10. Article: High-flow nasal cannula therapy for hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19.

    Chavarria, Adrian Palacios / Lezama, Erika Salinas / Navarro, Mauricio Gonzalez / Vazquez, Rafael Ricardo Valdez / Bello, Héctor Herrera / Gascon, Julieta Lomelín / Juárez, Linda Morales / Avendaño, Mónica Arboleya / Gonzalez, Luis Esteban Ramirez / Ville Benavides, Rodrigo / Wyssmann, Renate Victoria Álvarez / Ortiz, Brenda Sandoval / de la Cerda, Mariana Lizbeth Rodríguez / Castañeda, Lidia Moreno / Martinez-Juarez, Luis Alberto / Gallardo-Rincón, Héctor / Tapia-Conyer, Roberto

    Therapeutic advances in infectious disease

    2021  Volume 8, Page(s) 20499361211042959

    Abstract: Introduction: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 is poorly understood and remains controversial.: Methods: We evaluated a large cohort of patients with COVID-19-related hypoxemic ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 is poorly understood and remains controversial.
    Methods: We evaluated a large cohort of patients with COVID-19-related hypoxemic respiratory failure at the temporary COVID-19 hospital in Mexico City. The primary outcome was the success rate of HFNC to prevent the progression to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We also evaluated the risk factors associated with HFNC success or failure.
    Results: HFNC use effectively prevented IMV in 71.4% of patients [270 of 378 patients; 95% confidence interval (CI) 66.6-75.8%]. Factors that were significantly different at admission included age, the presence of hypertension, and the Charlson comorbidity index. Predictors of therapy failure (adjusted hazard ratio, 95% CI) included the comorbidity-age-lymphocyte count-lactate dehydrogenase (CALL) score at admission (1.27, 1.09-1.47;
    Conclusion: Treating patients with HFNC at admission led to improvement in respiratory parameters in many patients with COVID-19.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2728410-4
    ISSN 2049-937X ; 2049-9361
    ISSN (online) 2049-937X
    ISSN 2049-9361
    DOI 10.1177/20499361211042959
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