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  1. Article ; Online: Polar Heterobenzylic C(sp

    Maity, Soham / Lopez, Marco A / Bates, Desiree M / Lin, Shishi / Krska, Shane W / Stahl, Shannon S

    Journal of the American Chemical Society

    2023  Volume 145, Issue 36, Page(s) 19832–19839

    Abstract: Site-selective radical reactions of benzylic C-H bonds are now highly effective methods for C(sp ...

    Abstract Site-selective radical reactions of benzylic C-H bonds are now highly effective methods for C(sp
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3155-0
    ISSN 1520-5126 ; 0002-7863
    ISSN (online) 1520-5126
    ISSN 0002-7863
    DOI 10.1021/jacs.3c05822
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Birth cohort hepatitis C antibody prevalence in real-world screening settings in Ontario.

    Biondi, Mia J / Hirode, Grishma / Capraru, Camelia / Vanderhoff, Aaron / Karkada, Joel / Wolfson-Stofko, Brett / Smookler, David / Friedman, Steven M / Bates, Kathy / Mazzulli, Tony / Juan, Joshua V / Shah, Hemant / Hansen, Bettina E / Feld, Jordan J / Janssen, Harry LA

    Canadian liver journal

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 362–371

    Abstract: Background: Widespread screening and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is required to decrease ...

    Abstract Background: Widespread screening and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is required to decrease late-stage liver disease and liver cancer. Clinical practice guidelines and Canadian Task Force on Preventative Health Care recommendations differ on the value of one-time birth cohort (1945-75) HCV screening in Canada. To assess the utility of this approach, we conducted a real-world analysis of HCV antibody (Ab) prevalence among birth cohort individuals seen in different clinical contexts.
    Methods: Cross-sectional study of individuals born between 1945 and 1975 who completed HCV Ab testing at multiple participating centres in Ontario, Canada between January 2016 and December 2020. Differences in prevalence were compared by year of birth, gender, and setting.
    Results: Among 16,672 birth cohort individuals tested, HCV Ab prevalence was 3.2%. Prevalence was higher among younger individuals which increased from 0.9% among those born between 1945 and 1956 to 4.6% among those born between 1966 and 1975. Prevalence was higher among males (4.4%) compared with females (2.0%) and differed by test site. In primary care, the prevalence was 0.5%, whereas the prevalence was highest among those tested at drug treatment centres (28.7%) and through community outreach (14.0%).
    Conclusions: HCV Ab prevalence remains high in the 1945-1975 birth cohort. These data highlight the need to re-evaluate existing Canadian Preventative Task Force recommendations, to consider incorporating one-time birth cohort and/or other population-based approaches to HCV screening into the clinical workflow as a preventative health measure, and to increase training among community providers to screen for and treat HCV.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2561-4444
    ISSN (online) 2561-4444
    DOI 10.3138/canlivj-2021-0036
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Ligand and Linkage Isomers of Bis(ethylthiocarbamato) Copper Complexes with Cyclic C

    Bajaj, Kritika / Andres, Sarah A / Hofsommer, Dillon T / Michael, Okolocha Chekwube / Mashuta, Mark S / Bates, Paula J / Buchanan, Robert M / Grapperhaus, Craig A

    European journal of inorganic chemistry

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 34

    Abstract: A series of isomeric bis(alkylthiocarbamate) copper complexes have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for antiproliferation activity. The complexes were derived from ligand isomers with 3-methylpentyl ( ... ...

    Abstract A series of isomeric bis(alkylthiocarbamate) copper complexes have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for antiproliferation activity. The complexes were derived from ligand isomers with 3-methylpentyl (H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1475009-0
    ISSN 1099-0682 ; 1434-1948
    ISSN (online) 1099-0682
    ISSN 1434-1948
    DOI 10.1002/ejic.202300447
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Clinical Features and C-Reactive Protein as Predictors of Bacterial Exacerbations of COPD.

    Francis, Nick A / Gillespie, David / Wootton, Mandy / White, Patrick / Bates, Janine / Richards, Jennifer / Melbye, Hasse / Hood, Kerenza / Butler, Christopher C

    International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

    2020  Volume 15, Page(s) 3147–3158

    Abstract: ... Methods: We used data from a trial evaluating a C-reactive protein (CRP) point of care guided approach ...

    Abstract Introduction: Identifying predictors of bacterial and viral pathogens in sputum from patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may help direct management.
    Methods: We used data from a trial evaluating a C-reactive protein (CRP) point of care guided approach to managing COPD exacerbations in primary care. We used regression analyses to identify baseline clinical features, including CRP value in those randomized to testing, associated with bacterial, viral or mixed infections, defined by the presence of bacterial and viral pathogens in sputum, detected by culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively.
    Results: Of 386 participants with baseline sputum samples, 79 (20.5%), 123 (31.9%), and 91 (23.6%) had bacterial, viral/atypical, and mixed bacterial/viral/atypical pathogens identified, respectively. Increasing sputum purulence assessed by color chart was associated with increased odds of finding bacterial and mixed (bacterial and viral/atypical) pathogens in sputum (area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for bacterial pathogens =0.739 (95% CI: 0.670, 0.808)). Elevated CRP was associated with increased odds of finding bacterial pathogens and mixed pathogens but did not significantly increase the AUROC for predicting bacterial pathogens over sputum color alone (AUROC for combination of sputum color and CRP = 0.776 (95% CI: 0.708, 0.843), p for comparison of models = 0.053). We found no association between the presence of sputum pathogens and other clinical or demographic features.
    Conclusion: Sputum purulence was the best predictor of sputum bacterial pathogens and mixed bacterial viral/atypical pathogens in patients with COPD exacerbations in our study. Elevated CRP was associated with bacterial pathogens but did not add to the predictive value of sputum purulence.
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria ; Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Sputum
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1178-2005
    ISSN (online) 1178-2005
    DOI 10.2147/COPD.S265674
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Characterization and Prevention of Hypovitaminosis C in Chimeric Mice with Humanized Livers.

    Touchette, Erin K / Bates, Maria C / Johnson, Mitch C / O'Brien, Tracy C / Melton, Roger J / Long, Kelly R / Kakuni, Masakazu / Baginski, Matthew / Radiloff, Daniel R / Sagartz, John E

    Comparative medicine

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 6, Page(s) 355–363

    Abstract: ... vitamin C) and humans require supplementation to prevent vitamin C deficiency. PXB-mouse livers contain up ... without dietary supplementation of AA displayed weight loss and clinical signs of hypovitaminosis C, including ... revealed lesions consistent with hypovitaminosis C. Mean serum AA concentrations in the nonsupplemented PXB ...

    Abstract Humanized liver chimeric mice (PXB-mice) are generated by the transplantation of human hepatocytes into mice that have severe combined immunodeficiency and express an albumin-promoted urokinase-type plasminogen activator (cDNA-uPA/SCID) transgene. Human hepatocytes cannot synthesize ascorbic acid (AA; commonly called vitamin C) and humans require supplementation to prevent vitamin C deficiency. PXB-mouse livers contain up to approximately 95% human hepatocytes, which likely affects AA synthesis. To determine whether dietary AA supplementation prevents scurvy-like symptoms and death in PXB-mice, a 12 week study that compared nonsupplemented and supplemented PXB-mice was conducted. Approximately 4 weeks into the study, PXB-mice without dietary supplementation of AA displayed weight loss and clinical signs of hypovitaminosis C, including hunched posture, unkempt appearance, and lameness. Pathologic evaluation of nonsupplemented PXB-mice revealed lesions consistent with hypovitaminosis C. Mean serum AA concentrations in the nonsupplemented PXB-mice were below the limit of quantitation (0.5 μg/mL) and were substantially less than those of controls. AA was also measured in a number of tissues, including adrenal gland, brain, liver, and testis; low AA concentrations were similarly observed in tissues obtained from the nonsupplemented PXB-mice. Collectively, these findings support AA supplementation in PXB-mice to prevent the development of hypovitaminosis C and the potential utility of nonsupplemented PXB-mice as an animal model of scurvy.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Scurvy ; Mice, SCID ; Liver ; Hepatocytes ; Models, Animal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2006425-1
    ISSN 2769-819X ; 0023-6764 ; 1532-0820
    ISSN (online) 2769-819X
    ISSN 0023-6764 ; 1532-0820
    DOI 10.30802/AALAS-CM-22-000027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: C-reactive protein-guided antibiotic prescribing for COPD exacerbations: a qualitative evaluation.

    Phillips, Rhiannon / Stanton, Helen / Singh-Mehta, Amina / Gillespie, David / Bates, Janine / Gal, Micaela / Thomas-Jones, Emma / Lowe, Rachel / Hood, Kerenza / Llor, Carl / Melbye, Hasse / Cals, Jochen / White, Patrick / Butler, Christopher / Francis, Nick

    The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

    2020  Volume 70, Issue 696, Page(s) e505–e513

    Abstract: ... trial found that a C-reactive protein point-of-care test (CRP-POCT) management strategy for AECOPD ...

    Abstract Background: Antibiotics are prescribed to >70% of patients presenting in primary care with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The PACE randomised controlled trial found that a C-reactive protein point-of-care test (CRP-POCT) management strategy for AECOPD in primary care resulted in a 20% reduction in patient-reported antibiotic consumption over 4 weeks.
    Aim: To understand perceptions of the value of CRP-POCT for guiding antibiotic prescribing for AECOPD; explore possible mechanisms, mediators, and pathways to effects; and identify potential barriers and facilitators to implementation from the perspectives of patients and clinicians.
    Design and setting: Qualitative process evaluation in UK general practices.
    Method: Semi-structured telephone interviews with 20 patients presenting with an AECOPD and 20 primary care staff, purposively sampled from the PACE study. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using framework analysis.
    Results: Patients and clinicians felt that CRP-POCT was useful in guiding clinicians' antibiotic prescribing decisions for AECOPD, and were positive about introduction of the test in routine care. The CRP-POCT enhanced clinician confidence in antibiotic prescribing decisions, reduced decisional ambiguity, and facilitated communication with patients. Some clinicians thought the CRP-POCT should be routinely used in consultations for AECOPD; others favoured use only when there was decisional uncertainty. CRP-POCT cartridge preparation time and cost were potential barriers to implementation.
    Conclusion: CRP-POCT-guided antibiotic prescribing for AECOPD had high acceptability, but commissioning arrangements and further simplification of the CRP-POCT need attention to facilitate implementation in routine practice.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; C-Reactive Protein ; General Practice ; Humans ; Point-of-Care Testing ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1043148-2
    ISSN 1478-5242 ; 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    ISSN (online) 1478-5242
    ISSN 0035-8797 ; 0960-1643
    DOI 10.3399/bjgp20X709865
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Deep learning for robust and flexible tracking in behavioral studies for C. elegans.

    Bates, Kathleen / Le, Kim N / Lu, Hang

    PLoS computational biology

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e1009942

    Abstract: Robust and accurate behavioral tracking is essential for ethological studies. Common methods for tracking and extracting behavior rely on user adjusted heuristics that can significantly vary across different individuals, environments, and experimental ... ...

    Abstract Robust and accurate behavioral tracking is essential for ethological studies. Common methods for tracking and extracting behavior rely on user adjusted heuristics that can significantly vary across different individuals, environments, and experimental conditions. As a result, they are difficult to implement in large-scale behavioral studies with complex, heterogenous environmental conditions. Recently developed deep-learning methods for object recognition such as Faster R-CNN have advantages in their speed, accuracy, and robustness. Here, we show that Faster R-CNN can be employed for identification and detection of Caenorhabditis elegans in a variety of life stages in complex environments. We applied the algorithm to track animal speeds during development, fecundity rates and spatial distribution in reproductive adults, and behavioral decline in aging populations. By doing so, we demonstrate the flexibility, speed, and scalability of Faster R-CNN across a variety of experimental conditions, illustrating its generalized use for future large-scale behavioral studies.
    MeSH term(s) Aging ; Algorithms ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Deep Learning ; Neural Networks, Computer
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2193340-6
    ISSN 1553-7358 ; 1553-734X
    ISSN (online) 1553-7358
    ISSN 1553-734X
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009942
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: C-Reactive Protein Testing to Guide Antibiotic Prescribing for COPD Exacerbations.

    Butler, Christopher C / Gillespie, David / White, Patrick / Bates, Janine / Lowe, Rachel / Thomas-Jones, Emma / Wootton, Mandy / Hood, Kerenza / Phillips, Rhiannon / Melbye, Hasse / Llor, Carl / Cals, Jochen W L / Naik, Gurudutt / Kirby, Nigel / Gal, Micaela / Riga, Evgenia / Francis, Nick A

    The New England journal of medicine

    2019  Volume 381, Issue 2, Page(s) 111–120

    Abstract: Background: Point-of-care testing of C-reactive protein (CRP) may be a way to reduce unnecessary ...

    Abstract Background: Point-of-care testing of C-reactive protein (CRP) may be a way to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics without harming patients who have acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
    Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with a diagnosis of COPD in their primary care clinical record who consulted a clinician at 1 of 86 general medical practices in England and Wales for an acute exacerbation of COPD. The patients were assigned to receive usual care guided by CRP point-of-care testing (CRP-guided group) or usual care alone (usual-care group). The primary outcomes were patient-reported use of antibiotics for acute exacerbations of COPD within 4 weeks after randomization (to show superiority) and COPD-related health status at 2 weeks after randomization, as measured by the Clinical COPD Questionnaire, a 10-item scale with scores ranging from 0 (very good COPD health status) to 6 (extremely poor COPD health status) (to show noninferiority).
    Results: A total of 653 patients underwent randomization. Fewer patients in the CRP-guided group reported antibiotic use than in the usual-care group (57.0% vs. 77.4%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20 to 0.47). The adjusted mean difference in the total score on the Clinical COPD Questionnaire at 2 weeks was -0.19 points (two-sided 90% CI, -0.33 to -0.05) in favor of the CRP-guided group. The antibiotic prescribing decisions made by clinicians at the initial consultation were ascertained for all but 1 patient, and antibiotic prescriptions issued over the first 4 weeks of follow-up were ascertained for 96.9% of the patients. A lower percentage of patients in the CRP-guided group than in the usual-care group received an antibiotic prescription at the initial consultation (47.7% vs. 69.7%, for a difference of 22.0 percentage points; adjusted odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.45) and during the first 4 weeks of follow-up (59.1% vs. 79.7%, for a difference of 20.6 percentage points; adjusted odds ratio, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.46). Two patients in the usual-care group died within 4 weeks after randomization from causes considered by the investigators to be unrelated to trial participation.
    Conclusions: CRP-guided prescribing of antibiotics for exacerbations of COPD in primary care clinics resulted in a lower percentage of patients who reported antibiotic use and who received antibiotic prescriptions from clinicians, with no evidence of harm. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Program; PACE Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN24346473.).
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers/blood ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Inappropriate Prescribing/prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Point-of-Care Testing ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/blood ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1803185
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Book ; Online: Current and Future Rainfall-Driven Flood Risk From Hurricanes in Puerto Rico Under 1.5 °C and 2 °C Climate Change

    Archer, Leanne / Neal, Jeffrey / Bates, Paul / Vosper, Emily / Carroll, Dereka / Sosa, Jeison / Mitchell, Daniel

    eISSN:

    2024  

    Abstract: ... population exposure estimates for the present day and the future under the 1.5 and 2 ∘ C Paris Agreement ... in population exposure to flooding by 2 %–15 % and 1 %–20 % under 1.5 and 2 ∘ C futures (5-year return period ... This research demonstrates the significance of the 1.5 ∘ C Paris Agreement goal ...

    Abstract Flooding associated with Hurricane Maria in 2017 had devastating consequences for lives and livelihoods in Puerto Rico. Yet, an understanding of current and future flood risk on small islands like Puerto Rico is limited. Thus, efforts to build resilience to flooding associated with hurricanes remain constrained. Here, we take an event set of hurricane rainfall estimates from a synthetic hurricane rainfall simulator as the input to an event-based rainfall-driven flood inundation model using the hydrodynamic code LISFLOOD-FP. Validation of our model against high-water-mark data for Hurricane Maria demonstrates the suitability of this model for estimating flood hazard in Puerto Rico. We produce event-based flood hazard and population exposure estimates for the present day and the future under the 1.5 and 2 ∘ C Paris Agreement goals. Population exposure to flooding from hurricane rainfall in Puerto Rico for the present-day climate is approximately 8 %–10 % of the current population for a 5-year return period, with an increase in population exposure to flooding by 2 %–15 % and 1 %–20 % under 1.5 and 2 ∘ C futures (5-year return period). This research demonstrates the significance of the 1.5 ∘ C Paris Agreement goal for Small Island Developing States, providing the first event-based estimates of flooding from hurricane rainfall under climate change for a small island.
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in children with MIS-C and mild and severe COVID-19.

    Anderson, Elizabeth M / Diorio, Caroline / Goodwin, Eileen C / McNerney, Kevin O / Weirick, Madison E / Gouma, Sigrid / Bolton, Marcus J / Arevalo, Claudia P / Chase, Julie / Hicks, Philip / Manzoni, Tomaz B / Baxter, Amy E / Andrea, Kurt P / Burudpakdee, Chakkapong / Lee, Jessica H / Vella, Laura A / Henrickson, Sarah E / Harris, Rebecca M / Wherry, E John /
    Bates, Paul / Bassiri, Hamid / Behrens, Edward M / Teachey, David T / Hensley, Scott E

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2020  

    Abstract: ... patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) possess higher SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG ... since onset of infection in MIS-C patients. ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in children remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) possess higher SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers compared to those with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), likely reflecting a longer time since onset of infection in MIS-C patients.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2020.08.17.20176552
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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