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Article ; Online: Platelet Functional Testing Via High-Throughput Microtiter Plate-Based Assays.

Tamang, Hem Kumar / Stringham, Emily N / Tourdot, Benjamin E

Current protocols

2023 Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) e668

Abstract: Platelets play a critical role in hemostasis and thrombosis; therefore, in vitro assays that measure platelet reactivity are fundamental tools to gain insight into these physiologic processes, to diagnose platelet disorders, and to develop antithrombotic ...

Abstract	Platelets play a critical role in hemostasis and thrombosis; therefore, in vitro assays that measure platelet reactivity are fundamental tools to gain insight into these physiologic processes, to diagnose platelet disorders, and to develop antithrombotic therapies. However, conventional platelet assays such as aggregometry, the clinical gold standard for assessing platelet function, are low throughput and require specialized equipment. Since platelets have a finite life span ex vivo, processes to miniaturize and multiplex assays allow a much broader overview of platelet function in significantly less time than conventional assays. Several groups have developed simplified, high-throughput approaches to quantify platelet activation with standard laboratory equipment to lower the barrier of entry to study platelet biology. This article describes a panel of optimized and validated high-throughput microplate assays to comprehensively assess platelet functionality, independently or in combination, to increase throughput and reduce costs. Specifically, following stimulation of platelets, a plate reader can be used to measure light transmission aggregation via absorbance; dense-granule secretion based on ATP-dependent luminescence generation; and cytosolic calcium levels with a cell-permeant, fluorescent Ca
MeSH term(s)	Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Function Tests/methods ; Calcium/metabolism ; Blood Platelets/metabolism ; Platelet Activation
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2691-1299
ISSN (online)	2691-1299
DOI	10.1002/cpz1.668
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Article ; Online: Ca

Tamang, Hem Kumar / Yang, Ruey-Bing / Song, Zong-Han / Hsu, Shao-Chun / Peng, Chien-Chung / Tung, Yi-Chung / Tzeng, Bing-Hsiean / Chen, Chien-Chang

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH

2022 Volume 20, Issue 8, Page(s) 1887–1899

Abstract: Background: Ca: Objective: To examine the expression and role of Ca: Methods: Global Ca: Results: Ca: Conclusion: These results suggest that ... ...

Abstract	Background: Ca Objective: To examine the expression and role of Ca Methods: Global Ca Results: Ca Conclusion: These results suggest that Ca
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Platelets/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels, T-Type/genetics ; Calcium Channels, T-Type/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/metabolism ; Thrombosis/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cacna1h protein, mouse ; Calcium Channels, T-Type ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2112661-6
ISSN	1538-7836 ; 1538-7933
ISSN (online)	1538-7836
ISSN	1538-7933
DOI	10.1111/jth.15745
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Zs.A 5805: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Production among Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Clinical Samples at Tertiary Care Hospital.

Shah, Pradeep Kumar / Bhandari, Niru / Tamang, Basanta / Joshi, Rajendra D

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

2024 Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 636–641

Abstract: ... S. saprophyticus (23.9%), S. haemolyticus (16.8%), S. hominis (5.3%), S. capitis (2.7%), -----S ...

Abstract	Background: Coagulase Negative Staphylococci have been widely associated with medical device implant treatment and immune-compromised patients. Despite having increasing interest in Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, few studies from Nepal have reported the association of these organisms with urinary tract infections, conjunctivitis, high vaginal swabs, and cerebrospinal fluid. This study was carried out to determine antibiotic susceptibility pattern and biofilm production among Coagulase Negative Staphylococci isolated from clinical samples at tertiary care hospital. Methods: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study in which 3690 clinical samples were included. Isolation and identification of isolates was done following standard microbiological protocol. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci were identified phenotypically on the basis of gram staining, slide and tube coagulase test and by various sugar fermentation tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done following Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2020). Biofilm production was determined by Tissue Culture Plate technique. Results: A total of 113 isolates of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci were detected. Among them S. epidermidis (45.1%), S. saprophyticus (23.9%), S. haemolyticus (16.8%), S. hominis (5.3%), S. capitis (2.7%), -----S. cohini (1.8%), S. lugdunensis (1.8%) and S. sciuri (2.7%) were identified phenotypically. All isolates were found to be resistant against Ampicillin and 111 (98.2%) were sensitive against Linezolid.23.9% of CoNS were strong biofilm producers, 19.5% moderate and 56.6 % were non/weak biofilm producers. Conclusions: It requires susceptibility test for prescribing antibiotics against Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in hospital and the misuse of antibiotics should be prevented.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Coagulase ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Nepal ; Staphylococcus ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms
Chemical Substances	Coagulase ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-31
Publishing country	Nepal
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2551251-1
ISSN	1999-6217 ; 1999-6217
ISSN (online)	1999-6217
ISSN	1999-6217
DOI	10.33314/jnhrc.v21i4.4894
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Article: Apo B/Apo A-I Ratio is Statistically A Better Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) than Conventional Lipid Profile: A Study from Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

Tamang, Hem Kumar / Timilsina, Uddhav / Singh, Khelanand Prasad / Shrestha, Sanjit / Raman, Ramendra Kumar / Panta, Pujan / Karna, Preeti / Khadka, Laxmi / Dahal, Chandika

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR

2014 Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 34–36

Abstract: Background: Apo B and Apo A-I, are structural and functional components of lipoprotein particles that serve as transporters of cholesterol. The apo B/apo A-I ratio reflects the cholesterol transport and has been shown to be strongly related to risk of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Apo B and Apo A-I, are structural and functional components of lipoprotein particles that serve as transporters of cholesterol. The apo B/apo A-I ratio reflects the cholesterol transport and has been shown to be strongly related to risk of Myocardial infarction, stroke and other Cardiovascular manifestations. Materials and methods: Forty five participants with Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and forty four healthy participants were included from different locations of Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Fasting blood samples were collected from ante-cubital vein and serum samples were used for lipid parameters, apo B and apo A-I levels measurement. Results: Statistically significant differences were found for apo B/apo A-I ratio, HDL-c and apo B between the groups. The other lipid parameters and lipid ratios such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, TC/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c were not found to be significant. Conclusion: Apo B/apo A-I ratio seems to have better predictive value than that of classical lipid parameters in cardiovascular risk assessment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-02-03
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775283-5
ISSN	0973-709X ; 2249-782X
ISSN (online)	0973-709X
ISSN	2249-782X
DOI	10.7860/JCDR/2014/7588.4000
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Article ; Online: Analysis of altered level of blood-based biomarkers in prognosis of COVID-19 patients.

Shrestha, Mahendra Raj / Basnet, Ajaya / Tamang, Basanta / Khadka, Sudip / Maharjan, Rajendra / Maharjan, Rupak / Chand, Arun Bahadur / Thapa, Suresh / Rai, Shiba Kumar

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) e0287117

Abstract: ... to the tertiary care hospital. Several biomarkers-biochemical, hematological, inflammatory, cardiac, and ...

Abstract	Introduction: Immune and inflammatory responses developed by the patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) during rapid disease progression result in an altered level of biomarkers. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze levels of blood-based biomarkers that are significantly altered in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 diagnosed patients admitted to the tertiary care hospital. Several biomarkers-biochemical, hematological, inflammatory, cardiac, and coagulatory-were analyzed and subsequently tested for statistical significance at P<0.01 by using SPSS version 17.0. Results: A total of 1,780 samples were analyzed from 1,232 COVID-19 patients (median age 45 years [IQR 33-57]; 788 [63.96%] male). The COVID-19 patients had significantly (99% Confidence Interval, P<0.01) elevated levels of glucose, urea, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), ferritin, D-Dimer, and creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) compared to the control group. However, the levels of total protein, albumin, and platelets were significantly (P<0.01) lowered in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group. The elevated levels of glucose, urea, WBC, CRP, D-Dimer, and LDH were significantly (P<0.01) associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Assessing and monitoring the elevated levels of glucose, urea, ALT, AST, ALP, WBC, CRP, PCT, IL-6, ferritin, LDH, D-Dimer, and CPK-MB and the lowered levels of total protein, albumin, and platelet could provide a basis for evaluation of improved prognosis and effective treatment in patients with COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; COVID-19 ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Biomarkers ; Prognosis ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Glucose ; Ferritins ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-6 ; Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Ferritins (9007-73-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0287117
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Article ; Online: Apo B/Apo A-I Ratio is Statistically A Better Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) than Conventional Lipid Profile

Hem Kumar Tamang / Uddhav Timilsina / Khelanand Prasad Singh / Sanjit Shrestha / Ramendra Kumar Raman / Pujan Panta / Preeti Karna / Laxmi Khadka / Chandika Dahal

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 34-

A Study from Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2014 Volume 36

Abstract	Background: Apo B and Apo A-I, are structural and functional components of lipoprotein particles that serve as transporters of cholesterol. The apo B/apo A-I ratio reflects the cholesterol transport and has been shown to be strongly related to risk of Myocardial infarction, stroke and other Cardiovascular manifestations. Materials and Methods: Forty five participants with Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and forty four healthy participants were included from different locations of Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Fasting blood samples were collected from ante-cubital vein and serum samples were used for lipid parameters, apo B and apo A-I levels measurement. Results: Statistically significant differences were found for apo B/apo A-I ratio, HDL-c and apo B between the groups. The other lipid parameters and lipid ratios such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, TC/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c were not found to be significant. Conclusion: Apo B/apo A-I ratio seems to have better predictive value than that of classical lipid parameters in cardiovascular risk assessment.
Keywords	apo b/apo a-i ratio ; cardiovascular disease ; lipid parameters ; predictive value ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Prevalence and Predictors of Anemia in HIV-Infected Persons in Nepal.

Sah, Shiv Kumar / Dahal, Prastuti / Tamang, Gyan Bahadur / Mandal, Dipendra Kumar / Shah, Rajesh / Pun, Sher Bahadur

HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)

2020 Volume 12, Page(s) 193–200

Abstract: Background: Anemia is the commonest hematological complications in HIV patients, and has ...

Abstract	Background: Anemia is the commonest hematological complications in HIV patients, and has a significant impact on quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. However, little is known about the epidemiology of anemia in this population in a Nepalese setting. Therefore, the present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of anemia in patients living with HIV and further to determine the independent predictors associated with it. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in patients diagnosed with HIV at Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Teku, Kathmandu from November 2016 to August 2017. Anemia was considered a core variable, and covariates used for analysis were age, sex, CD4 count, antiretroviral therapy regimen, history of intravenous drug use, marital status, religion, geography, employment status, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Prevalence of anemia and its independent predictors were evaluated. Fisher's exact and Results: Of the total 210 patients analyzed, median age was 37.50±10.57 years, and 110 (52.6%) were male. The estimated prevalence of anemia overall was 66.7% (95% CI 60.64%-73.35%): mild anemia 14.3% (95% CI 8.25%-19.74%), moderate anemia 40.5% (95% CI 31.88%-48.11%), and severe anemia 11.9% (95% CI 6.61%-17.30%). Prevalence of anemia increased significantly with decreasing CD4 count: 5.71%, 12.85%, and 48.09% among patients with CD4 counts >500, 200-499, and <200 cells/mm Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high rate of anemia in a substantial number of HIV individuals. Therefore, early detection and timely management of anemia, especially in females and those with decreased immunostatus, are crucial to prevent anemia progression and improve quality of life.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-02
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2520734-9
ISSN	1179-1373
ISSN	1179-1373
DOI	10.2147/HIV.S244618
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Article ; Online: Dengue among Patients Visiting Department of Medicine in a Secondary Care Centre

Basanta Tamang / Ajaya Basnet / Sudip Khadka / Pramod Joshi / Roshan Kumar Jha / Rijuta Joshi / Shiba Kumar Rai

Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Vol 61, Iss

A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2023 Volume 263

Abstract: ... The socio-demographic details and biochemical and haematological findings of dengue virus-infected patients ...

Abstract	Introduction: Dengue, caused by the dengue virus, has a wide range of clinical features, including fever, body ache, lethargy, nausea, and vomiting. Blood-based biomarkers in patients with dengue virus infection reflect a variety of clinical spectrums, from bleeding manifestations to liver abnormalities, and can serve as an essential tool for clinicians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dengue among patients visiting the Outpatient Department in a secondary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the Outpatient Department from 16 May 2022 to 15 November 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 20790202). The socio-demographic details and biochemical and haematological findings of dengue virus-infected patients diagnosed with rapid diagnostic tests were collected. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 706 individuals, the prevalence of dengue was 83 (11.76%) (9.38-14.14, 95% Confidence Interval). The median age of dengue virus-infected patients was 40 years, and the majority were males 54 (65.06%). Conclusions: The prevalence of dengue was found to be lower than in other studies done in similar settings.
Keywords	biomarkers ; dengue ; Nepal ; prevalence ; prognosis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nepal Medical Association
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Management of Traumatic Liver Injury in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Neupane, Harish Chandra / Tamrakar, Kishor Kumar / Bhattrai, Abhishek / Tamang, Tseten Yonjen / Bista, Bishnu / Chaulagain, Rajib

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

2020 Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 537–542

Abstract: ... operative management is the standard treatment for hemodynamically stable patients. This study analyse ... operative treatment modality in hemodynamically stable patients with isolated liver injuries was safe and ...

Abstract	Background: The liver is most frequently injured solid organ in abdominal trauma. The non-operative management is the standard treatment for hemodynamically stable patients. This study analyse the epidemiological aspects, injury patterns, treatment modalities and outcome in patients with liver injuries only and associated injuries outside the liver. Methods: This was a retrospective study in patients with liver injuries admitted from 1st March 2014 to 31st January 2019 at Chitwan Medical College and Hospital, Nepal. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of isolated liver injury and Group B liver injury with associated injury of other organs. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 61 patients were admitted with liver injury. There were 18 (29.5 %) patients with liver injury alone (group A) and 43 (70.5 %)liver injury associated with other organs (group B). Low grade liver injuries were 48 (78.7 %) and high grade 13 (21.3 %). The operative management was done for one liver injury with biliary peritonitis in group A. In group B, 16 patients required laparotomy and operative management for associated abdomen injuries. Conclusions: Non-operative treatment modality in hemodynamically stable patients with isolated liver injuries was safe and effective.
MeSH term(s)	Abdominal Injuries/surgery ; Abdominal Injuries/therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Liver/injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nepal ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Trauma Severity Indices ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-21
Publishing country	Nepal
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2551251-1
ISSN	1999-6217 ; 1727-5482
ISSN (online)	1999-6217
ISSN	1727-5482
DOI	10.33314/jnhrc.v17i4.1958
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Article ; Online: Management of Traumatic Liver Injury in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

Harish Chandra Neupane / Kishor Kumar Tamrakar / Abhishek Bhattrai / Tseten Yonjen Tamang / Bishnu Bista / Rajib Chaulagain

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, Vol 17, Iss

2020 Volume 4

Abstract: ... management is the standard treatment for hemodynamically stable patients. This study analyse ... treatment modality in hemodynamically stable patients with isolated liver injuries was safe and effective ...

Abstract	Background: The liver is most frequently injured solid organ in abdominal trauma. The non-operative management is the standard treatment for hemodynamically stable patients. This study analyse the epidemiological aspects, injury patterns, treatment modalities and outcome in patients with liver injuries only and associated injuries outside the liver. Methods: This was a retrospective study in patients with liver injuries admitted from 1st March 2014 to 31st January 2019 at Chitwan Medical College and Hospital, Nepal. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of isolated liver injury and Group B liver injury with associated injury of other organs. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 61 patients were admitted with liver injury. There were 18 (29.5 %) patients with liver injury alone (group A) and 43 (70.5 %)liver injury associated with other organs (group B). Low grade liver injuries were 48 (78.7 %) and high grade 13 (21.3 %). The operative management was done for one liver injury with biliary peritonitis in group A. In group B, 16 patients required laparotomy and operative management for associated abdomen injuries. Conclusions: Non-operative treatment modality in hemodynamically stable patients with isolated liver injuries was safe and effective. Keywords: Liver injury; management; scoring; trauma.
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nepal Health Research Council
Document type	Article ; Online
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