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  1. Article ; Online: Systematically defining selective autophagy receptor-specific cargo using autophagosome content profiling.

    Zellner, Susanne / Schifferer, Martina / Behrends, Christian

    Molecular cell

    2021  Volume 81, Issue 6, Page(s) 1337–1354.e8

    Abstract: Autophagy deficiency in fed conditions leads to the formation of protein inclusions highlighting the contribution of this lysosomal delivery route to cellular proteostasis. Selective autophagy pathways exist that clear accumulated and aggregated ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy deficiency in fed conditions leads to the formation of protein inclusions highlighting the contribution of this lysosomal delivery route to cellular proteostasis. Selective autophagy pathways exist that clear accumulated and aggregated ubiquitinated proteins. Receptors for this type of autophagy (aggrephagy) include p62, NBR1, TOLLIP, and OPTN, which possess LC3-interacting regions and ubiquitin-binding domains (UBDs), thus working as a bridge between LC3/GABARAP proteins and ubiquitinated substrates. However, the identity of aggrephagy substrates and the redundancy of aggrephagy and related UBD-containing receptors remains elusive. Here, we combined proximity labeling and organelle enrichment with quantitative proteomics to systematically map the autophagic degradome targeted by UBD-containing receptors under basal and proteostasis-challenging conditions in human cell lines. We identified various autophagy substrates, some of which were differentially engulfed by autophagosomal and endosomal membranes via p62 and TOLLIP, respectively. Overall, this resource will allow dissection of the proteostasis contribution of autophagy to numerous individual proteins.
    MeSH term(s) Autophagosomes/genetics ; Autophagosomes/metabolism ; Autophagy ; Autophagy-Related Proteins/genetics ; Autophagy-Related Proteins/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Protein Interaction Maps ; Proteolysis ; Proteomics ; Proteostasis ; Ubiquitination
    Chemical Substances Autophagy-Related Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1415236-8
    ISSN 1097-4164 ; 1097-2765
    ISSN (online) 1097-4164
    ISSN 1097-2765
    DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Niwaki Instead of Random Forests: Targeted Serial Sectioning Scanning Electron Microscopy With Reimaging Capabilities for Exploring Central Nervous System Cell Biology and Pathology.

    Schifferer, Martina / Snaidero, Nicolas / Djannatian, Minou / Kerschensteiner, Martin / Misgeld, Thomas

    Frontiers in neuroanatomy

    2021  Volume 15, Page(s) 732506

    Abstract: Ultrastructural analysis of discrete neurobiological structures by volume scanning electron microscopy (SEM) often constitutes a "needle-in-the-haystack" problem and therefore relies on sophisticated search strategies. The appropriate SEM approach for a ... ...

    Abstract Ultrastructural analysis of discrete neurobiological structures by volume scanning electron microscopy (SEM) often constitutes a "needle-in-the-haystack" problem and therefore relies on sophisticated search strategies. The appropriate SEM approach for a given relocation task not only depends on the desired final image quality but also on the complexity and required accuracy of the screening process. Block-face SEM techniques like Focused Ion Beam or serial block-face SEM are "one-shot" imaging runs by nature and, thus, require precise relocation prior to acquisition. In contrast, "multi-shot" approaches conserve the sectioned tissue through the collection of serial sections onto solid support and allow reimaging. These tissue libraries generated by Array Tomography or Automated Tape Collecting Ultramicrotomy can be screened at low resolution to target high resolution SEM. This is particularly useful if a structure of interest is rare or has been predetermined by correlated light microscopy, which can assign molecular, dynamic and functional information to an ultrastructure. As such approaches require bridging mm to nm scales, they rely on tissue trimming at different stages of sample processing. Relocation is facilitated by endogenous or exogenous landmarks that are visible by several imaging modalities, combined with appropriate registration strategies that allow overlaying images of various sources. Here, we discuss the opportunities of using multi-shot serial sectioning SEM approaches, as well as suitable trimming and registration techniques, to slim down the high-resolution imaging volume to the actual structure of interest and hence facilitate ambitious targeted volume SEM projects.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2452969-2
    ISSN 1662-5129
    ISSN 1662-5129
    DOI 10.3389/fnana.2021.732506
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A new form of axonal pathology in a spinal model of neuromyelitis optica.

    Herwerth, Marina / Kenet, Selin / Schifferer, Martina / Winkler, Anne / Weber, Melanie / Snaidero, Nicolas / Wang, Mengzhe / Lohrberg, Melanie / Bennett, Jeffrey L / Stadelmann, Christine / Hemmer, Bernhard / Misgeld, Thomas

    Brain : a journal of neurology

    2024  Volume 145, Issue 5, Page(s) 1726–1742

    Abstract: Neuromyelitis optica is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease, which primarily targets astrocytes and often results in severe axon injury of unknown mechanism. Neuromyelitis optica patients harbour autoantibodies against the astrocytic water channel ... ...

    Abstract Neuromyelitis optica is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease, which primarily targets astrocytes and often results in severe axon injury of unknown mechanism. Neuromyelitis optica patients harbour autoantibodies against the astrocytic water channel protein, aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG), which induce complement-mediated astrocyte lysis and subsequent axon damage. Using spinal in vivo imaging in a mouse model of such astrocytopathic lesions, we explored the mechanism underlying neuromyelitis optica-related axon injury. Many axons showed a swift and morphologically distinct 'pearls-on-string' transformation also readily detectable in human neuromyelitis optica lesions, which especially affected small calibre axons independently of myelination. Functional imaging revealed that calcium homeostasis was initially preserved in this 'acute axonal beading' state, ruling out disruption of the axonal membrane, which sets this form of axon injury apart from previously described forms of traumatic and inflammatory axon damage. Morphological, pharmacological and genetic analyses showed that AQP4-IgG-induced axon injury involved osmotic stress and ionic overload, but does not appear to use canonical pathways of Wallerian-like degeneration. Subcellular analysis demonstrated remodelling of the axonal cytoskeleton in beaded axons, especially local loss of microtubules. Treatment with the microtubule stabilizer epothilone, a putative therapy approach for traumatic and degenerative axonopathies, prevented axonal beading, while destabilizing microtubules sensitized axons for beading. Our results reveal a distinct form of immune-mediated axon pathology in neuromyelitis optica that mechanistically differs from known cascades of post-traumatic and inflammatory axon loss, and suggest a new strategy for neuroprotection in neuromyelitis optica and related diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aquaporin 4 ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Autoantibodies/metabolism ; Axons/pathology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism ; Mice ; Neuromyelitis Optica/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Aquaporin 4 ; Autoantibodies ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80072-7
    ISSN 1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
    ISSN (online) 1460-2156
    ISSN 0006-8950
    DOI 10.1093/brain/awac079
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Author Correction: Spatial proteomics reveals secretory pathway disturbances caused by neuropathy-associated TECPR2.

    Nalbach, Karsten / Schifferer, Martina / Bhattacharya, Debjani / Ho-Xuan, Hung / Tseng, Wei Chou / Williams, Luis A / Stolz, Alexandra / Lichtenthaler, Stefan F / Elazar, Zvulun / Behrends, Christian

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 8322

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-43990-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Systematically defining selective autophagy receptor-specific cargo using autophagosome content profiling

    Zellner, Susanne / Schifferer, Martina / Behrends, Christian

    Molecular cell. 2021 Mar. 18, v. 81, no. 6

    2021  

    Abstract: Autophagy deficiency in fed conditions leads to the formation of protein inclusions highlighting the contribution of this lysosomal delivery route to cellular proteostasis. Selective autophagy pathways exist that clear accumulated and aggregated ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy deficiency in fed conditions leads to the formation of protein inclusions highlighting the contribution of this lysosomal delivery route to cellular proteostasis. Selective autophagy pathways exist that clear accumulated and aggregated ubiquitinated proteins. Receptors for this type of autophagy (aggrephagy) include p62, NBR1, TOLLIP, and OPTN, which possess LC3-interacting regions and ubiquitin-binding domains (UBDs), thus working as a bridge between LC3/GABARAP proteins and ubiquitinated substrates. However, the identity of aggrephagy substrates and the redundancy of aggrephagy and related UBD-containing receptors remains elusive. Here, we combined proximity labeling and organelle enrichment with quantitative proteomics to systematically map the autophagic degradome targeted by UBD-containing receptors under basal and proteostasis-challenging conditions in human cell lines. We identified various autophagy substrates, some of which were differentially engulfed by autophagosomal and endosomal membranes via p62 and TOLLIP, respectively. Overall, this resource will allow dissection of the proteostasis contribution of autophagy to numerous individual proteins.
    Keywords autophagosomes ; dissection ; humans ; macroautophagy ; proteomics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0318
    Size p. 1337-1354.e8.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1415236-8
    ISSN 1097-4164 ; 1097-2765
    ISSN (online) 1097-4164
    ISSN 1097-2765
    DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.009
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Proteomics of mouse brain endothelium uncovers dysregulation of vesicular transport pathways during aging.

    Todorov-Völgyi, Katalin / González-Gallego, Judit / Müller, Stephan A / Beaufort, Nathalie / Malik, Rainer / Schifferer, Martina / Todorov, Mihail Ivilinov / Crusius, Dennis / Robinson, Sophie / Schmidt, Andree / Körbelin, Jakob / Bareyre, Florence / Ertürk, Ali / Haass, Christian / Simons, Mikael / Paquet, Dominik / Lichtenthaler, Stefan F / Dichgans, Martin

    Nature aging

    2024  Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 595–612

    Abstract: Age-related decline in brain endothelial cell (BEC) function contributes critically to neurological disease. Comprehensive atlases of the BEC transcriptome have become available, but results from proteomic profiling are lacking. To gain insights into ... ...

    Abstract Age-related decline in brain endothelial cell (BEC) function contributes critically to neurological disease. Comprehensive atlases of the BEC transcriptome have become available, but results from proteomic profiling are lacking. To gain insights into endothelial pathways affected by aging, we developed a magnetic-activated cell sorting-based mouse BEC enrichment protocol compatible with proteomics and resolved the profiles of protein abundance changes during aging. Unsupervised cluster analysis revealed a segregation of age-related protein dynamics with biological functions, including a downregulation of vesicle-mediated transport. We found a dysregulation of key regulators of endocytosis and receptor recycling (most prominently Arf6), macropinocytosis and lysosomal degradation. In gene deletion and overexpression experiments, Arf6 affected endocytosis pathways in endothelial cells. Our approach uncovered changes not picked up by transcriptomic studies, such as accumulation of vesicle cargo and receptor ligands, including Apoe. Proteomic analysis of BECs from Apoe-deficient mice revealed a signature of accelerated aging. Our findings provide a resource for analysing BEC function during aging.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Proteomics/methods ; Brain/metabolism ; Endothelium/metabolism ; Apolipoproteins E/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Apolipoproteins E
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-8465
    ISSN (online) 2662-8465
    DOI 10.1038/s43587-024-00598-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Size-Selective Transfer of Lipid Nanoparticle-Based Drug Carriers Across the Blood Brain Barrier Via Vascular Occlusions Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

    Khalin, Igor / Adarsh, Nagappanpillai / Schifferer, Martina / Wehn, Antonia / Groschup, Bernhard / Misgeld, Thomas / Klymchenko, Andrey / Plesnila, Nikolaus

    Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 18, Page(s) e2200302

    Abstract: The current lack of understanding about how nanocarriers cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the healthy and injured brain is hindering the clinical translation of nanoscale brain-targeted drug-delivery systems. Here, the bio-distribution of lipid ... ...

    Abstract The current lack of understanding about how nanocarriers cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the healthy and injured brain is hindering the clinical translation of nanoscale brain-targeted drug-delivery systems. Here, the bio-distribution of lipid nano-emulsion droplets (LNDs) of two sizes (30 and 80 nm) in the mouse brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is investigated. The highly fluorescent LNDs are prepared by loading them with octadecyl rhodamine B and a bulky hydrophobic counter-ion, tetraphenylborate. Using in vivo two-photon and confocal imaging, the circulation kinetics and bio-distribution of LNDs in the healthy and injured mouse brain are studied. It is found that after TBI, LNDs of both sizes accumulate at vascular occlusions, where specifically 30 nm LNDs extravasate into the brain parenchyma and reach neurons. The vascular occlusions are not associated with bleedings, but instead are surrounded by processes of activated microglia, suggesting a specific opening of the BBB. Finally, correlative light-electron microscopy reveals 30 nm LNDs in endothelial vesicles, while 80 nm particles remain in the vessel lumen, indicating size-selective vesicular transport across the BBB via vascular occlusions. The data suggest that microvascular occlusions serve as "gates" for the transport of nanocarriers across the BBB.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic ; Drug Carriers/chemistry ; Liposomes ; Mice ; Nanoparticles/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Drug Carriers ; Lipid Nanoparticles ; Liposomes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-05
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2168935-0
    ISSN 1613-6829 ; 1613-6810
    ISSN (online) 1613-6829
    ISSN 1613-6810
    DOI 10.1002/smll.202200302
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Remyelination by surviving oligodendrocytes is inefficient in the inflamed mammalian cortex.

    Mezydlo, Aleksandra / Treiber, Nils / Ullrich Gavilanes, Emily Melisa / Eichenseer, Katharina / Ancău, Mihai / Wens, Adinda / Ares Carral, Carla / Schifferer, Martina / Snaidero, Nicolas / Misgeld, Thomas / Kerschensteiner, Martin

    Neuron

    2023  Volume 111, Issue 11, Page(s) 1748–1759.e8

    Abstract: In multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory attack results in myelin loss, which can be partially reversed by remyelination. Recent studies suggest that mature oligodendrocytes could contribute to remyelination by generating new myelin. Here, we show that in ... ...

    Abstract In multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory attack results in myelin loss, which can be partially reversed by remyelination. Recent studies suggest that mature oligodendrocytes could contribute to remyelination by generating new myelin. Here, we show that in a mouse model of cortical multiple sclerosis pathology, surviving oligodendrocytes can indeed extend new proximal processes but rarely generate new myelin internodes. Furthermore, drugs that boost myelin recovery by targeting oligodendrocyte precursor cells did not enhance this alternate mode of myelin regeneration. These data indicate that the contribution of surviving oligodendrocytes to myelin recovery in the inflamed mammalian CNS is minor and inhibited by distinct remyelination brakes.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Remyelination ; Oligodendroglia/pathology ; Myelin Sheath/pathology ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Axons/pathology ; Mammals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 808167-0
    ISSN 1097-4199 ; 0896-6273
    ISSN (online) 1097-4199
    ISSN 0896-6273
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.03.031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Ganglioside lipidomics of CNS myelination using direct infusion shotgun mass spectrometry.

    Arends, Martina / Weber, Melanie / Papan, Cyrus / Damm, Markus / Surma, Michal A / Spiegel, Christopher / Djannatian, Minou / Li, Shengrong / Connell, Lisa / Johannes, Ludger / Schifferer, Martina / Klose, Christian / Simons, Mikael

    iScience

    2022  Volume 25, Issue 11, Page(s) 105323

    Abstract: Gangliosides are present and concentrated in axons and implicated in axon-myelin interactions, but how ganglioside composition changes during myelin formation is not known. Here, we present a direct infusion (shotgun) lipidomics method to analyze ... ...

    Abstract Gangliosides are present and concentrated in axons and implicated in axon-myelin interactions, but how ganglioside composition changes during myelin formation is not known. Here, we present a direct infusion (shotgun) lipidomics method to analyze gangliosides in small amounts of tissue reproducibly and with high sensitivity. We resolve the mouse ganglioside lipidome during development and adulthood and determine the ganglioside content of mice lacking the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105323
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Membrane lipid remodeling modulates γ-secretase processivity.

    Dawkins, Edgar / Derks, Rico J E / Schifferer, Martina / Trambauer, Johannes / Winkler, Edith / Simons, Mikael / Paquet, Dominik / Giera, Martin / Kamp, Frits / Steiner, Harald

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2023  Volume 299, Issue 4, Page(s) 103027

    Abstract: Imbalances in the amounts of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) generated by the membrane proteases β- and γ-secretase are considered as a trigger of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cell-free studies of γ-secretase have shown that increasing membrane thickness modulates ... ...

    Abstract Imbalances in the amounts of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) generated by the membrane proteases β- and γ-secretase are considered as a trigger of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cell-free studies of γ-secretase have shown that increasing membrane thickness modulates Aβ generation but it has remained unclear if these effects are translatable to cells. Here we show that the very long-chain fatty acid erucic acid (EA) triggers acyl chain remodeling in AD cell models, resulting in substantial lipidome alterations which included increased esterification of EA in membrane lipids. Membrane remodeling enhanced γ-secretase processivity, resulting in the increased production of the potentially beneficial Aβ37 and/or Aβ38 species in multiple cell lines. Unexpectedly, we found that the membrane remodeling stimulated total Aβ secretion by cells expressing WT γ-secretase but lowered it for cells expressing an aggressive familial AD mutant γ-secretase. We conclude that EA-mediated modulation of membrane composition is accompanied by complex lipid homeostatic changes that can impact amyloidogenic processing in different ways and elicit distinct γ-secretase responses, providing critical implications for lipid-based AD treatment strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/genetics ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/metabolism ; Membrane Lipids/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism ; Presenilin-1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases (EC 3.4.-) ; Membrane Lipids ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; Presenilin-1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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