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Article ; Online: CROI 2023: Metabolic and Other Complications of HIV Infection.

Sarkar, Sudipa / Brown, Todd T

2023 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 538–542

Abstract: Comorbid conditions have major impacts on the health, quality of life, and survival of people with HIV, particularly as they age. The 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured excellent science related to specific ... ...

Abstract	Comorbid conditions have major impacts on the health, quality of life, and survival of people with HIV, particularly as they age. The 2023 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured excellent science related to specific comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and obesity. Studies investigating factors that may contribute to CVD, such as mental health disorders, antiretroviral therapies, and activation of hormonal pathways, were featured prominently. Other studies sought to understand the epidemiology of non-AIDS-defining cancers in people with HIV. As at previous CROI conferences, weight gain attributable to antiretroviral therapies was a major theme, and several abstracts focused on the important question of whether weight decreases after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens associated with weight gain. This review focuses on abstracts presented at CROI 2023 in these areas, highlighting those with the most clinical impact.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Quality of Life ; Retroviridae Infections ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Weight Gain
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2656632-1
ISSN	2161-5853 ; 2161-5853
ISSN (online)	2161-5853
ISSN	2161-5853
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Hypogonadism in Men With Hepatitis C: What Is a Clinician to Do?

Brown, Todd T

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2019 Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 577–579

MeSH term(s)	Hepatitis C, Chronic/blood ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Humans ; Hypogonadism/blood ; Hypogonadism/etiology ; Male ; Testosterone/blood
Chemical Substances	Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciy968
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Zs.A 1505: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: CROI 2022: metabolic and other complications of HIV infection or COVID-19.

Sarkar, Sudipa / Brown, Todd T

Topics in antiviral medicine

2022 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 522–527

Abstract: Comorbid conditions have a major impact on the health, quality of life, and survival of people with HIV, particularly as this population ages. The 2022 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured excellent science related to ... ...

Abstract	Comorbid conditions have a major impact on the health, quality of life, and survival of people with HIV, particularly as this population ages. The 2022 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured excellent science related to specific comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and frailty. The role of systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease was an important theme, with strong evidence regarding the impact of microbial translocation. Other studies examined functional impairment, frailty, and potential important contributors, such as concomitant medications and sleep disturbances. The ANCHOR (Anal Cancer/High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions Outcomes Research) study provided crucial evidence that treatment of high-risk anal lesions reduces the incidence of anal cancer, which has important implications in the prevention of this devastating comorbidity. In addition, numerous presentations demonstrated the importance of comorbid conditions in COVID-19 outcomes in people with HIV and described persistent symptoms after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection has resolved. This review focuses on the abstracts presented at CROI 2022 in these areas, highlighting those with the most clinical impact.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; COVID-19/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Frailty/complications ; Quality of Life ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Anus Neoplasms
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2656632-1
ISSN	2161-5853 ; 2161-5853
ISSN (online)	2161-5853
ISSN	2161-5853
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Article ; Online: CROI 2021: Metabolic and Other Complications of HIV Infection or COVID-19.

Sarkar, Sudipa / Brown, Todd T

Topics in antiviral medicine

2021 Volume 29, Issue 2, Page(s) 328–333

Abstract: Comorbid conditions have a major impact on the health, quality of life, and survival in people with HIV, particularly as they age. The 2021 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections featured excellent science related to specific ... ...

Abstract	Comorbid conditions have a major impact on the health, quality of life, and survival in people with HIV, particularly as they age. The 2021 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections featured excellent science related to specific comorbidities as well as multimorbidity. A number of presentations related to comorbidities in women with HIV reflected a new wave of research aimed at understanding how the epidemiology and pathogenesis of comorbidities may differ by sex. Weight gain related to antiretroviral therapy was also a major theme of the comorbidity abstracts presented at the meeting. Several presentations demonstrated the importance of comorbid conditions in COVID-19 outcomes in people with HIV and described persistent symptoms after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection has resolved, a nascent topic that will expand over time. This review focuses on research presented at the conference in these areas, highlighting those with the most clinical impact.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Comorbidity ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Humans ; Sex Factors ; Weight Gain
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2656632-1
ISSN	2161-5853 ; 2161-5853
ISSN (online)	2161-5853
ISSN	2161-5853
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Article ; Online: Diabetes in People with HIV.

Sarkar, Sudipa / Brown, Todd T

Current diabetes reports

2021 Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) 13

Abstract: Purpose of review: To discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and complications of diabetes in people with HIV (PWH) and to review HIV-related factors that may contribute to the development of diabetes or alter decisions in the care and treatment of PWH with ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: To discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and complications of diabetes in people with HIV (PWH) and to review HIV-related factors that may contribute to the development of diabetes or alter decisions in the care and treatment of PWH with diabetes. Recent findings: For those patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and/or chronic kidney disease, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors should be considered for use. Evidence for this recommendation is, however, based on studies that were not conducted in populations consisting solely of PWH. Diabetes is a significant comorbidity in PWH and adds to their already heightened risk of cardiovascular disease. HIV-specific factors, including interactions of antiretroviral therapy with medications that either treat diabetes and/or prevent cardiovascular disease, should be evaluated.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Chemical Substances	Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	2065167-3
ISSN	1539-0829 ; 1534-4827
ISSN (online)	1539-0829
ISSN	1534-4827
DOI	10.1007/s11892-021-01382-8
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Article ; Online: Safety and efficacy of waterproof casting for early onset scoliosis.

Conry, Keegan T / Floccari, Lorena V / Morscher, Melanie / Brown, Miraides F / Ritzman, Todd F

Spine deformity

2024

Abstract: Purpose: The efficacy of traditional Mehta casting in the treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) is well-established. However, waterproof casting has not been previously described. Inherent advantages of waterproof casting include clearance for ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The efficacy of traditional Mehta casting in the treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) is well-established. However, waterproof casting has not been previously described. Inherent advantages of waterproof casting include clearance for bathing/swimming, avoiding cast holidays, and improved family satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of waterproof serial casting at controlling curve progression in EOS. Methods: The current study is an IRB-approved Level IV retrospective consecutive cohort of EOS patients who underwent a serial 75% body weight traction-elongation-flexion Mehta cast protocol with waterproof cast padding. The addition of 3-point apical translation with stockinettes was utilized during casting. Bracing was initiated after correction < 15° or 1 year of serial casting. Results: Seventeen patients at mean age 21.6 months, with pre-cast Cobb angle 52.3° (R: 35°-82°), underwent serial waterproof casting. In-cast correction index was 64%; for post-cast, Cobb angle was 18.6°. At mean 5.6 years follow-up (R: 2.3-8.9 years), 82% successfully avoided surgical intervention, 53% maintained correction < 25°, and 29% are considered "cured". 3/17 (18%) underwent a 2nd round of casting, and a total of 3/17 (18%) ultimately required surgery at 6.2 years post-casting. No major cast-related complications, decubiti, or cast holidays were encountered. Conclusion: Serial waterproof casting is safe and efficacious in EOS when compared to published results of traditional Mehta casting. Of 17 patients with mean pre-cast Cobb 52.3°, 82% successfully avoided surgery and 53% maintained mild curves < 25° magnitude at 5.6 years follow-up. No major complications or skin decubiti occurred, and advantages include clearance for bathing and avoidance of need for cast holidays during treatment. Level of evidence: Level IV.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2717704-X
ISSN	2212-1358 ; 2212-134X ; 2212-1358
ISSN (online)	2212-1358 ; 2212-134X
ISSN	2212-1358
DOI	10.1007/s43390-024-00868-1
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Article ; Online: Correction: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on family carers of those with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities: perspectives from UK and Irish Non-Governmental Organisations.

Linden, M A / Forbes, T / Brown, M / Marsh, L / Truesdale, M / McCann, E / Todd, S / Hughes, N

BMC public health

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 2302

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-022-14740-2
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Article ; Online: Experiences of UK and Irish family carers of people with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Linden, Mark / Leonard, R / Forbes, T / Brown, M / Marsh, L / Todd, S / Hughes, N / Truesdale, M

BMC public health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 2475

Abstract: Background: People with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities (PMID) have high and intensive support needs that ordinarily place significant strain on family carers. This was further heightened by the removal of many external supports during ... ...

Abstract	Background: People with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities (PMID) have high and intensive support needs that ordinarily place significant strain on family carers. This was further heightened by the removal of many external supports during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to explore the experiences of family carers of people with PMID during the COVID-19 pandemic and understand what the longer-term impact might be on their lives. Methods: Focus group interviews (n = 32) were conducted with family carers (n = 126) from the four countries of the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Participants were asked questions relating to their experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, coping strategies, and challenges faced. All focus groups were conducted using the online platform, Zoom. These were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed employing inductive thematic analysis. Findings: Three main themes were generated from the data including (1.0) COVID-19 as a double-edged sword (2.0), The struggle for support (3.0), Constant nature of caring. These included 11 subthemes. (1.1) 'COVID-19 as a catalyst for change', (1.2) 'Challenges during COVID-19: dealing with change', (1.3) 'Challenges during COVID-19: fear of COVID-19', (1.4); 'The online environment: the new normal' (2.1) 'Invisibility of male carers', (2.2) 'Carers supporting carers', (2.3) 'The only service you get is lip service: non-existent services', (2.4); 'Knowing your rights' (3.1) 'Emotional response to the caring role: Feeling devalued', (3.2) 'Emotional response to the caring role: Desperation of caring', (3.3) 'Multiple demands of the caring role.' Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic presented immense challenges to family carers of people with PMID but also provided some opportunities. Families had already struggled to receive many of the supports and services to which they were entitled to only to have these removed at the onset of the pandemic. The experiences of male carers have been largely absent from the literature with this research showing they want to be included in decision making and require tailored support services. Service providers should see the end of the COVID-19 pandemic as providing opportunity to re-examine current provision and design services with family carers. As the direct threat from COVID-19 diminishes and the experiences of those who lived through this period come to the fore, there is a need to re-examine current models and provision of support to family carers to better meet their needs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Caregivers/psychology ; Pandemics ; Intellectual Disability/epidemiology ; Qualitative Research ; COVID-19 ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Family/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-023-17432-7
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Article ; Online: Incident Proteinuria differs by HIV Serostatus among Men with Pre-diabetes: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

Slama, Laurence / Barrett, Benjamin W / Abraham, Alison G / Palella, Frank J / Magnani, Jared W / Viard, Jean Paul / Lake, Jordan E / Brown, Todd T

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2024

Abstract: Background: Pre-diabetes is associated with proteinuria, a risk factor for chronic kidney disease. While people living with HIV (PWH) have a higher risk of proteinuria than people without HIV (PWOH), it is unknown whether incident proteinuria differs by ...

Abstract	Background: Pre-diabetes is associated with proteinuria, a risk factor for chronic kidney disease. While people living with HIV (PWH) have a higher risk of proteinuria than people without HIV (PWOH), it is unknown whether incident proteinuria differs by HIV serostatus among pre-diabetic persons. Methods: Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR) was measured at semi-annual visits among men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study since April 2006. Men with pre-DM on or after April 2006 and no prevalent proteinuria or use of anti-diabetic medications were included. Pre-diabetes was defined as fasting glucose (FG) of 100-125 mg/dL confirmed within a year by a repeat FG or hemoglobin A1c 5.7-6.4%. Incident proteinuria was defined as PCR > 200 mg/g, confirmed within a year. We used Poisson regression models to determine whether incident proteinuria in participants with pre-diabetes differed by HIV serostatus and, among PWH, whether HIV-specific factors were related to incident proteinuria. Results: Between 2006 and 2019, among 1276 men with pre-diabetes, 128/613 PWH (21%) and 50/663 PWOH (8%) developed proteinuria over a median 10-year follow-up. After multivariable adjustment, the incidence of proteinuria in PWH with pre-diabetes was 3.3 times [95% CI: 2.3-4.8 times] greater than in PWOH (p < 0.01). Among PWH, current CD4 count <500 cells/mm3 (p < 0.01) and current use of protease inhibitors (p = 0.03) were associated with incident proteinuria, while lamivudine and integrase inhibitor use were associated with a lower risk. Conclusion: Among men with pre-DM, the risk of incident proteinuria was 3 times higher in PWH. Strategies to preserve renal function are needed in this population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciae065
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Article ; Online: Rapid Improvement of Coronary Endothelial Function With PCSK9 Inhibition in People With HIV Is Associated With Reduced Lipoprotein (a) and Not LDL-cholesterol.

Harb, Tarek / Ziogos, Efthymios / Schär, Michael / Brown, Todd T / Lai, Shenghan / Gerstenblith, Gary / Hays, Allison G / Leucker, Thorsten M

Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging

2023 Volume 16, Issue 10, Page(s) e015693

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Proprotein Convertase 9 ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Lipoprotein(a) ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/complications
Chemical Substances	PCSK9 protein, human (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Proprotein Convertase 9 (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Lipoprotein(a)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2435045-X
ISSN	1942-0080 ; 1941-9651
ISSN (online)	1942-0080
ISSN	1941-9651
DOI	10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.123.015693
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