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Article ; Online: Maternal antenatal mental health and its associations with perinatal outcomes and the use of healthcare services in children from the NINFEA birth cohort study.

Bua, Adriana / Moirano, Giovenale / Pizzi, Costanza / Rusconi, Franca / Migliore, Enrica / Richiardi, Lorenzo / Popovic, Maja

European journal of pediatrics

2024

Abstract: To investigate the associations between maternal mental health disorders before and during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes and child healthcare utilization between 6 and 18 months of age. Among the 6814 mother-child pairs from the Italian Internet-based ...

Abstract	To investigate the associations between maternal mental health disorders before and during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes and child healthcare utilization between 6 and 18 months of age. Among the 6814 mother-child pairs from the Italian Internet-based NINFEA birth cohort, maternal depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders diagnosed by a physician before and during pregnancy were assessed through self-reported questionnaires completed during pregnancy and 6 months after delivery. Perinatal outcomes (preterm birth, birth weight, small for gestational age, congenital anomalies, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)) and children's healthcare utilization (emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and outpatient visits) were reported by mothers at 6 and 18 months postpartum. We used regression models adjusted for maternal age, education, parity, country of birth, region of delivery, and household income. Maternal mental health disorders were not associated with perinatal outcomes, except for depression, which increased the risk of offspring admission to NICU, and anxiety disorders during pregnancy, which were associated with preterm birth and lower birth weight. Children born to mothers with depression/anxiety disorders before pregnancy, compared to children of mothers without these disorders, had an increased odds of a visit to ED for any reason (odds ratio (OR
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194196-3
ISSN	1432-1076 ; 0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
ISSN (online)	1432-1076
ISSN	0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
DOI	10.1007/s00431-024-05525-3
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Article ; Online: Family socioeconomic position and changes in planned health care for children with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.

Moirano, Giovenale / Pizzi, Costanza / Rusconi, Franca / Maule, Milena / Richiardi, Lorenzo / Popovic, Maja

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1174118

Abstract: Introduction: In this study, we aimed at evaluating whether, during the COVID-19 pandemic, children affected by chronic diseases were impacted by the deferral of planned healthcare caused by the restriction measures.: Design: This study was conducted ...

Abstract	Introduction: In this study, we aimed at evaluating whether, during the COVID-19 pandemic, children affected by chronic diseases were impacted by the deferral of planned healthcare caused by the restriction measures. Design: This study was conducted using data from the Italian NINFEA birth cohort, which include children born between 2005 and 2016. Women who completed the 4-year NINFEA follow-up questionnaire before November 2020 ( Results: We obtained information on 3,721 children. Out of 353 children with a chronic disease that required at least one medical visit in 2019, 130 (36.8%) experienced problems during the pandemic. Lower family income was associated with a higher risk of experiencing health access problems. We observed that children living in families at lower income tertiles had more chance of experiencing healthcare access problems than children living in families at the highest income tertiles (prevalence rate ratio for a tertile decrease in family income: 1.22; 95% CIs: 1.02-1.49). Conclusion: Our study underlines that the COVID-19 pandemic may have caused healthcare access problems for children with prevalent chronic diseases, especially among those living in households with a low socioeconomic position.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Female ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Health Services Accessibility ; Poverty
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1174118
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Article ; Online: Land-cover, land-use and human hantavirus infection risk: a systematic review.

Moirano, Giovenale / Botta, Annarita / Yang, Mingyou / Mangeruga, Martina / Murray, Kris / Vineis, Paolo

Pathogens and global health

2023 , Page(s) 1–15

Abstract: Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association between land-cover, land-use, land use change, and human hantavirus infection risk. PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated using terms relative to land use (change) and human hantavirus disease. Screening and selection of the articles were completed by three independent reviewers. Classes of land use assessed by the different studies were categorized into three macro-categories of exposure ('Agriculture', 'Forest Cover', 'Urban Areas') to qualitatively synthesize the direction of the association between exposure variables and hantavirus infection risk in humans. A total of 25 articles were included, with 14 studies (56%) conducted in China, 4 studies (16%) conducted in South America and 7 studies (28%) conducted in Europe. Most of the studies (88%) evaluated land cover or land use, while 3 studies (12%) evaluated land use change, all in relation to hantavirus infection risk. We observed that land cover and land-use categories could affect hantavirus infection incidence. Overall, agricultural land use was positively associated with increased human hantavirus infection risk, particularly in China and Brazil. In Europe, a positive association between forest cover and hantavirus infection incidence was observed. Studies that assessed the relationship between built-up areas and hantavirus infection risk were more variable, with studies reporting positive, negative or no associations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2625162-0
ISSN	2047-7732 ; 2047-7724
ISSN (online)	2047-7732
ISSN	2047-7724
DOI	10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097
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Article ; Online: Obesity and immune-checkpoint inhibitors in advanced melanoma: A meta-analysis of survival outcomes from clinical studies.

Roccuzzo, Gabriele / Moirano, Giovenale / Fava, Paolo / Maule, Milena / Ribero, Simone / Quaglino, Pietro

Seminars in cancer biology

2023 Volume 91, Page(s) 27–34

Abstract: Obesity is a chronic inflammatory condition that has been associated with different types of cancer. However, its role in melanoma incidence, progression, and response to immune-checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI) is still controversial. On the one hand, ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a chronic inflammatory condition that has been associated with different types of cancer. However, its role in melanoma incidence, progression, and response to immune-checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI) is still controversial. On the one hand, increased levels of lipids and adipokines can promote tumor proliferation and several genes associated with fatty acid metabolism have been found to be upregulated in melanomas. On the other hand, immunotherapy seems to be more effective in obese animal models, presumably due to an increase in CD8 + and subsequent decrease in PD-1 + T-cells in the tumor microenvironment. In humans, several studies have investigated the role of BMI (body mass index) and other adiposity-related parameters as potential prognostic markers of survival in advanced melanoma patients treated with ICI. The aim of this research has been to systematically review the scientific literature on studies evaluating the relationship between overweight/obesity and survival outcomes in patients with advanced melanoma treated with ICI and to perform a meta-analysis on those sharing common characteristics. After screening 1070 records identified through a literature search, 18 articles assessing the role of BMI-related exposure in relation to survival outcomes in ICI-treated patients with advanced melanoma were included in our review. In the meta-analysis of the association between overweight (defined as BMI>25 or BMI 25-30), overall survival (OS), and progression free survival (PFS), 7 studies were included, yielding a summary HR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.74-1.03) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.86-1.08), respectively. Our results show that, despite few suggestive findings, the use of BMI as a valuable predictor of melanoma patients' survival in terms of PFS and OS should not be currently recommended, due to the limited evidence available.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Overweight/drug therapy ; Melanoma/complications ; Melanoma/drug therapy ; Obesity/complications ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1033980-2
ISSN	1096-3650 ; 1044-579X
ISSN (online)	1096-3650
ISSN	1044-579X
DOI	10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.02.010
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Article ; Online: Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Meteo-Climatic Determinants of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Italy.

Moirano, Giovenale / Ellena, Marta / Mercogliano, Paola / Richiardi, Lorenzo / Maule, Milena

Tropical medicine and infectious disease

2022 Volume 7, Issue 11

Abstract: Historically, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Italy was constrained to Mediterranean areas. However, in the last 20 years, sand fly vectors and human cases of VL have been detected in northern Italy, traditionally classified as a cold area unsuitable for ... ...

Abstract	Historically, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Italy was constrained to Mediterranean areas. However, in the last 20 years, sand fly vectors and human cases of VL have been detected in northern Italy, traditionally classified as a cold area unsuitable for sand fly survival. We aim to study the spatio-temporal pattern and climatic determinants of VL incidence in Italy. National Hospital Discharge Register records were used to identify incident cases of VL between 2009 and 2016. Incident rates were computed for each year (N = 8) and for each province (N = 110). Data on mean temperature and cumulative precipitation were obtained from the ERA5-Land re-analysis. Age- and sex-standardized incidence rates were modeled with Bayesian spatial and spatio-temporal conditional autoregressive Poisson models in relation to the meteo-climatic parameters. Statistical inference was based on Monte Carlo−Markov chains. We identified 1123 VL cases (incidence rate: 2.4 cases/1,000,000 person-years). The highest incidence rates were observed in southern Italy, even though some areas of northern Italy experienced high incidence rates. Overall, in the spatial analysis, VL incidence rates were positively associated with average air temperatures (β for 1 °C increase in average mean average temperature: 0.14; 95% credible intervals (CrI): 0.01, 0.27) and inversely associated with average precipitation (β for 20 mm increase in average summer cumulative precipitation: −0.28, 95% CrI: −0.42, −0.13). In the spatio-temporal analysis, no association between VL cases and season-year specific temperature and precipitation anomalies was detected. Our findings indicate that VL is endemic in the whole Italian peninsula and that climatic factors, such as air temperature and precipitation, might play a relevant role in shaping the geographical distribution of VL cases. These results support that climate change might affect leishmaniasis distribution in the future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2414-6366
ISSN (online)	2414-6366
DOI	10.3390/tropicalmed7110337
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Article ; Online: Family socioeconomic position and changes in planned health care for children with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy

Giovenale Moirano / Costanza Pizzi / Franca Rusconi / Milena Maule / Lorenzo Richiardi / Maja Popovic

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: IntroductionIn this study, we aimed at evaluating whether, during the COVID-19 pandemic, children affected by chronic diseases were impacted by the deferral of planned healthcare caused by the restriction measures.DesignThis study was conducted using ... ...

Abstract	IntroductionIn this study, we aimed at evaluating whether, during the COVID-19 pandemic, children affected by chronic diseases were impacted by the deferral of planned healthcare caused by the restriction measures.DesignThis study was conducted using data from the Italian NINFEA birth cohort, which include children born between 2005 and 2016. Women who completed the 4-year NINFEA follow-up questionnaire before November 2020 (N = 5,307) were invited to complete a questionnaire targeted at evaluating the impacts of the pandemic on their children's health. The questionnaire asked mothers to report whether their children had a chronic disease or condition that required one or more regular health checks by a doctor in 2019 (used as a reference period) and whether the children had problems getting routine health checks after March 2020.ResultsWe obtained information on 3,721 children. Out of 353 children with a chronic disease that required at least one medical visit in 2019, 130 (36.8%) experienced problems during the pandemic. Lower family income was associated with a higher risk of experiencing health access problems. We observed that children living in families at lower income tertiles had more chance of experiencing healthcare access problems than children living in families at the highest income tertiles (prevalence rate ratio for a tertile decrease in family income: 1.22; 95% CIs: 1.02–1.49).ConclusionOur study underlines that the COVID-19 pandemic may have caused healthcare access problems for children with prevalent chronic diseases, especially among those living in households with a low socioeconomic position.
Keywords	COVID-19 pandemic ; planned health care ; pediatric diseases ; health inequalities ; life-course epidemiology ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Meteo-Climatic Determinants of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Italy

Giovenale Moirano / Marta Ellena / Paola Mercogliano / Lorenzo Richiardi / Milena Maule

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol 7, Iss 337, p

2022 Volume 337

Abstract	Historically, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Italy was constrained to Mediterranean areas. However, in the last 20 years, sand fly vectors and human cases of VL have been detected in northern Italy, traditionally classified as a cold area unsuitable for sand fly survival. We aim to study the spatio-temporal pattern and climatic determinants of VL incidence in Italy. National Hospital Discharge Register records were used to identify incident cases of VL between 2009 and 2016. Incident rates were computed for each year (N = 8) and for each province (N = 110). Data on mean temperature and cumulative precipitation were obtained from the ERA5-Land re-analysis. Age- and sex-standardized incidence rates were modeled with Bayesian spatial and spatio-temporal conditional autoregressive Poisson models in relation to the meteo-climatic parameters. Statistical inference was based on Monte Carlo–Markov chains. We identified 1123 VL cases (incidence rate: 2.4 cases/1,000,000 person-years). The highest incidence rates were observed in southern Italy, even though some areas of northern Italy experienced high incidence rates. Overall, in the spatial analysis, VL incidence rates were positively associated with average air temperatures ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">β</mi><mo> </mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math> for 1 °C increase in average mean average temperature: 0.14; 95% credible intervals (CrI): 0.01, 0.27) and inversely associated with average precipitation ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">β</mi></semantics></math> for 20 mm increase in average summer cumulative precipitation: −0.28, 95% CrI: −0.42, −0.13). In the spatio-temporal analysis, no association between VL cases and season-year specific temperature and precipitation anomalies was detected. Our ...
Keywords	environmental epidemiology ; meteo-climatic impacts ; spatio-temporal epidemiology ; visceral Leishmaniasis ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Approaches to Daily Monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Northern Italy.

Moirano, Giovenale / Richiardi, Lorenzo / Novara, Carlo / Maule, Milena

Frontiers in public health

2020 Volume 8, Page(s) 222

Abstract: Italy was the first European country affected by the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic, with the first autochthonous case identified on Feb 21st. Specific control measures restricting social contacts were introduced by the Italian government starting from the ... ...

Abstract	Italy was the first European country affected by the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic, with the first autochthonous case identified on Feb 21st. Specific control measures restricting social contacts were introduced by the Italian government starting from the beginning of March. In the current study we analyzed public data from the four most affected Italian regions. We (i) estimated the time-varying reproduction number (
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data ; Government ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Models, Statistical ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2020.00222
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Article ; Online: Short-Term Effects of Mitigation Measures for the Containment of the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Experience From Northern Italy.

Moirano, Giovenale / Schmid, Maurizio / Barone-Adesi, Francesco

Disaster medicine and public health preparedness

2020 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e3–e4

Abstract: We evaluated the short-term effects of mitigation measures imposed by the Italian government on the first 10 municipalities affected by Sars-Cov-2 spread. Our results suggest that the effects of containment measures can be appreciated in about ... ...

Abstract	We evaluated the short-term effects of mitigation measures imposed by the Italian government on the first 10 municipalities affected by Sars-Cov-2 spread. Our results suggest that the effects of containment measures can be appreciated in about approximately 2 wk.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Quarantine/methods ; Quarantine/standards ; Quarantine/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Management/methods ; Risk Management/standards ; Risk Management/statistics & numerical data ; Time Factors
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2375268-3
ISSN	1938-744X ; 1935-7893
ISSN (online)	1938-744X
ISSN	1935-7893
DOI	10.1017/dmp.2020.119
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Article: COVID-19 and diabetes-Two giants colliding: From pathophysiology to management.

Pelle, Maria Chiara / Zaffina, Isabella / Provenzano, Michele / Moirano, Giovenale / Arturi, Franco

Frontiers in endocrinology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 974540

Abstract: Since December 2019, a new coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread around the world, causing the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. From the beginning, SARS-CoV-2 has put a strain on the health ... ...

Abstract	Since December 2019, a new coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread around the world, causing the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. From the beginning, SARS-CoV-2 has put a strain on the health system. In fact, many patients have had severe forms of the disease with the need for hospitalization due to respiratory failure. To contain the pandemic, the most widely used approach has been lockdowns. Social restrictions have been reduced thanks to the development of vaccines and targeted therapies. However, fatal events still occur among people at high risk of serious infection, such as patients with concomitant diabetes. Different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the poor prognosis of patients with diabetes and COVID-19, but the specific cause is unclear. It is now known that insulin resistance, inflammation, and cytokine storm are involved. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors to enter cells. This receptor is expressed on pancreatic beta cells and, during infection, it appears that receptor involvement may induce hyperglycemia in patients with or without diabetes. In this study, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the poor prognosis in people with COVID-19 and diabetes and what may improve the outcome in these patients.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Humans ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2022.974540
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