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  1. Article ; Online: Nonstructural barriers to adult vaccination.

    Doherty, T Mark / Ecarnot, Fiona / Gaillat, Jacques / Privor-Dumm, Lois

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2024  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2334475

    Abstract: Adult vaccination coverage remains low, despite vaccine recommendations, improved access, and reimbursement. Low vaccination coverage and an aging population at higher risk from vaccine-preventable diseases lead to preventable disability and deaths, ... ...

    Abstract Adult vaccination coverage remains low, despite vaccine recommendations, improved access, and reimbursement. Low vaccination coverage and an aging population at higher risk from vaccine-preventable diseases lead to preventable disability and deaths, straining healthcare systems. An Advisory Board meeting was, therefore, held to identify non-structural barriers to adult vaccination and discuss potential solutions to increase uptake. Many non-structural factors can influence vaccine uptake, such as heterogeneity in the population, (fear of) vaccine shortages, incentives, or mandates for vaccination, understanding of disease burden and personal risks, time and opportunity for healthcare providers (HCPs) to discuss and deliver vaccines during general practice or hospital visits, trust in the health system, and education. To address these barriers, push-pull mechanisms are required: to pull patients in for vaccination and to push HCP performance on vaccination delivery. For patients, the focus should be on lifelong prevention and quality of life benefits: personal conversations are needed to increase confidence and knowledge about vaccination, and credible communication is required to build trust in health services and normalize vaccination. For providers, quality measurements are required to prioritize vaccination and ensure opportunities to check vaccination status, discuss and deliver vaccines are not missed. Financial and quality-based incentives may help increase uptake.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Aged ; Quality of Life ; Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Vaccination Coverage ; Health Personnel/education
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2024.2334475
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Determinants of policy and uptake of national vaccine programs for pregnant women: results of mixed method study from Spain, Italy, and India.

    Privor-Dumm, Lois

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 1474–1482

    Abstract: An important strategy for addressing maternal and newborn risks of disease is through vaccinating pregnant women. We conducted a mixed-methods study including a narrative literature review of drivers of maternal vaccination and key informant interviews ... ...

    Abstract An important strategy for addressing maternal and newborn risks of disease is through vaccinating pregnant women. We conducted a mixed-methods study including a narrative literature review of drivers of maternal vaccination and key informant interviews in Spain, Italy, and India to characterize different approaches to national maternal immunization programs. Fifty-nine respondents participated in the study conducted between November 2018 and January 2019. Policies in Spain and Italy both reflect a life-course approach to vaccination, but recommendations and how they ensure uptake differs. Italy was focused on tracking of progress and mandates to ensure compliance in all regions, while Spain, an early adopter, relied more on advocacy and building provider acceptance. India includes Td in their national program, but the political will and advocacy for other vaccines are not seen. Needs for improving rates of maternal vaccination include education of health-care providers and pregnant women, use of central registries to track progress, stronger global guidance for use of vaccines, and engagement of champions, particularly obstetrician-gynecologists (ob-gyns). Health security concerns can also be leveraged to build political priority and needed platforms to detect disease and deliver vaccines in some countries. Understanding what drives a country's maternal immunization program decisions and the success of implementation is useful in designing strategies to share best practices and guide support to strengthen platforms for maternal vaccination.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; India ; Infant, Newborn ; Italy ; Policy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Spain ; Vaccination ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2020.1831858
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Community-based Strategies to Engage Pastors Can Help Address Vaccine Hesitancy and Health Disparities in Black Communities.

    Privor-Dumm, Lois / King, Terris

    Journal of health communication

    2021  Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 827–830

    Abstract: In an era of Freddie Gray and Black Lives Matter, a long history of structural racism, combined with disproportionate rates of COVID-19, the African American community has seen a lot of reasons to demand social justice, equal treatment and immediate ... ...

    Abstract In an era of Freddie Gray and Black Lives Matter, a long history of structural racism, combined with disproportionate rates of COVID-19, the African American community has seen a lot of reasons to demand social justice, equal treatment and immediate access to solutions to health disparities. Despite the promise of COVID-19 vaccines, the community is highly distrustful of the vaccine and institutions given a history of mistreatment and many other current concerns. Trusted messengers such as Black pastors are crucial to protecting the community that faces a disproportionate amount of disease. We present a framework to build trust and acceptance including understanding history and context; listening and empathy; engaging pastors as trusted messengers; creating partnerships with shared responsibility and power; and co-creation of solutions with faith leaders and their community, governments and institutions to create sustainable, long-term change. Efforts to support vaccine acceptance must be customized to the variety of needs and realities of the African American community, not just the topic of concern to the institution. Evaluations are needed to help ensure the community is engaged and feeling heard. Pastors and other religious leaders can work with government and institutions to bring information, facilitate discussion, build trust and develop measurable improvement efforts. Although acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines may not be achieved overnight, the process of focusing on issues that are important to the community is an important step in laying the foundation for both COVID-19 vaccines and future interventions.
    MeSH term(s) African Americans/education ; African Americans/psychology ; African Americans/statistics & numerical data ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Clergy ; Community Participation/methods ; Health Communication/methods ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/ethnology ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Racism ; Trust
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1427988-5
    ISSN 1087-0415 ; 1081-0730
    ISSN (online) 1087-0415
    ISSN 1081-0730
    DOI 10.1080/10810730.2021.1873463
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Cholera control and prevention: Role of evidence-based advocacy and communications.

    Nayyar, Anjali / Privor-Dumm, Lois

    Vaccine

    2019  Volume 38 Suppl 1, Page(s) A178–A180

    Abstract: Evidence-based communications and policy outreach are critical elements in building awareness about a disease, build public momentum and decision making and resource mobilization. In India, communications and advocacy played an important role in managing ...

    Abstract Evidence-based communications and policy outreach are critical elements in building awareness about a disease, build public momentum and decision making and resource mobilization. In India, communications and advocacy played an important role in managing diseases like HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc. and addressing barriers to adoption of new health interventions. These learnings from the past, can help India manage cholera more effectively through a strong advocacy and communications strategy involving multiple stakeholders and partners, with a focus on engaging decision makers. The article discusses strategic communications and advocacy programs for cholera that can be instrumental in paving the way for cholera vaccine use to combat this public health problem and its social and economic impact.
    MeSH term(s) Cholera/epidemiology ; Cholera/prevention & control ; Cholera Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Communication ; Decision Making ; Health Resources ; Humans ; India ; Public Health/methods
    Chemical Substances Cholera Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.06.042
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Supply and delivery of vaccines for global health.

    Excler, Jean-Louis / Privor-Dumm, Lois / Kim, Jerome H

    Current opinion in immunology

    2021  Volume 71, Page(s) 13–20

    Abstract: Vaccines developed in high-income countries have been enormously successful in reducing the global burden of infectious diseases, saving perhaps 2.5 million lives per year, but even for successful cases, like the rotavirus vaccine, global implementation ... ...

    Abstract Vaccines developed in high-income countries have been enormously successful in reducing the global burden of infectious diseases, saving perhaps 2.5 million lives per year, but even for successful cases, like the rotavirus vaccine, global implementation may take a decade or more. For unincentivized vaccines, the delays are even more profound, as both the supply of a vaccine from developing country manufacturers and vaccine demand from countries with the high disease burdens have to be generated in order for impact to be manifest. A number of poverty-associated infectious diseases, whose burden is greatest in low-income and middle-income countries, would benefit from appropriate levels of support for vaccine development such as Group A Streptococcus, invasive non-typhoid salmonella, schistosomiasis, shigella, to name a few. With COVID-19 vaccines we will hopefully be able to provide novel vaccine technology to all countries through a unique collaborative effort, the COVAX facility, led by the World Health Organization (WHO), Gavi, and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). Whether this effort can deliver vaccine to all its participating countries remains to be seen, but this ambitious effort to develop, manufacture, distribute, and vaccinate 60-80% of the world's population will hopefully be a lasting legacy of COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Global Health ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1035767-1
    ISSN 1879-0372 ; 0952-7915
    ISSN (online) 1879-0372
    ISSN 0952-7915
    DOI 10.1016/j.coi.2021.03.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Factors, enablers and challenges for COVID-19 vaccine development.

    Excler, Jean-Louis / Saville, Melanie / Privor-Dumm, Lois / Gilbert, Sarah / Hotez, Peter J / Thompson, Didi / Abdool-Karim, Salim / Kim, Jerome H

    BMJ global health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 6

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a sense of vulnerability and urgency that led to concerted actions by governments, funders, regulators and industry to overcome traditional challenges for the development of vaccine candidates and to reach authorisation. ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a sense of vulnerability and urgency that led to concerted actions by governments, funders, regulators and industry to overcome traditional challenges for the development of vaccine candidates and to reach authorisation. Unprecedented financial investments, massive demand, accelerated clinical development and regulatory reviews were among the key factors that contributed to accelerating the development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines. The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines benefited of previous scientific innovations such as mRNA and recombinant vectors and proteins. This has created a new era of vaccinology, with powerful platform technologies and a new model for vaccine development. These lessons learnt highlight the need of strong leadership, to bring together governments, global health organisations, manufacturers, scientists, private sector, civil society and philanthropy, to generate innovative, fair and equitable access mechanisms to COVID-19 vaccines for populations worldwide and to build a more efficient and effective vaccine ecosystem to prepare for other pandemics that may emerge. With a longer-term view, new vaccines must be developed with incentives to build expertise for manufacturing that can be leveraged for low/middle-income countries and other markets to ensure equity in innovation, access and delivery. The creation of vaccine manufacturing hubs with appropriate and sustained training, in particular in Africa, is certainly the way of the future to a new public health era to safeguard the health and economic security of the continent and guarantee vaccine security and access, with however the need for such capacity to be sustained in the interpandemic period.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Ecosystem ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-011879
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: COVID-19 vaccines and the pandemic: lessons learnt for other neglected diseases and future threats.

    Hotez, Peter J / Gilbert, Sarah / Saville, Melanie / Privor-Dumm, Lois / Abdool-Karim, Salim / Thompson, Didi / Excler, Jean-Louis / Kim, Jerome H

    BMJ global health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 6

    Abstract: Through the experiences gained by accelerating new vaccines for both Ebola virus infection and COVID-19 in a public health emergency, vaccine development has benefited from a 'multiple shots on goal' approach to new vaccine targets. This approach ... ...

    Abstract Through the experiences gained by accelerating new vaccines for both Ebola virus infection and COVID-19 in a public health emergency, vaccine development has benefited from a 'multiple shots on goal' approach to new vaccine targets. This approach embraces simultaneous development of candidates with differing technologies, including, when feasible, vesicular stomatitis virus or adenovirus vectors, messenger RNA (mRNA), whole inactivated virus, nanoparticle and recombinant protein technologies, which led to multiple effective COVID-19 vaccines. The challenge of COVID-19 vaccine inequity, as COVID-19 spread globally, created a situation where cutting-edge mRNA technologies were preferentially supplied by multinational pharmaceutical companies to high-income countries while low and middle-income countries (LMICs) were pushed to the back of the queue and relied more heavily on adenoviral vector, inactivated virus and recombinant protein vaccines. To prevent this from occurring in future pandemics, it is essential to expand the scale-up capacity for both traditional and new vaccine technologies at individual or simultaneous hubs in LMICs. In parallel, a process of tech transfer of new technologies to LMIC producers needs to be facilitated and funded, while building LMIC national regulatory capacity, with the aim of several reaching 'stringent regulator' status. Access to doses is an essential start but is not sufficient, as healthcare infrastructure for vaccination and combating dangerous antivaccine programmes both require support. Finally, there is urgency to establish an international framework through a United Nations Pandemic Treaty to promote, support and harmonise a more robust, coordinated and effective global response.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza Vaccines ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Neglected Diseases
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Influenza Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-011883
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Vaccine access, equity and justice: COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination.

    Privor-Dumm, Lois / Excler, Jean-Louis / Gilbert, Sarah / Abdool Karim, Salim S / Hotez, Peter J / Thompson, Didi / Kim, Jerome H

    BMJ global health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 6

    Abstract: Although significant progress has been made in achieving goals for COVID-19 vaccine access, the quest for equity and justice remains an unfinished agenda. Vaccine nationalism has prompted calls for new approaches to achieve equitable access and justice ... ...

    Abstract Although significant progress has been made in achieving goals for COVID-19 vaccine access, the quest for equity and justice remains an unfinished agenda. Vaccine nationalism has prompted calls for new approaches to achieve equitable access and justice not only for vaccines but also for vaccination. This includes ensuring country and community participation in global discussions and that local needs to strengthen health systems, address issues related to social determinants of health, build trust and leverage acceptance to vaccines, are addressed. Regional vaccine technology and manufacturing hubs are promising approaches to address access challenges and must be integrated with efforts to ensure demand. The current situation underlines the need for access, demand and system strengthening to be addressed along with local priorities for justice to be achieved. Innovations to improve accountability and leverage existing platforms are also needed. Sustained political will and investment is required to ensure ongoing production of non-pandemic vaccines and sustained demand, particularly when perceived threat of disease appears to be waning. Several recommendations are made to govern towards justice including codesigning the path forward with low-income and middle-income countries; establishing stronger accountability measures; establishing dedicated groups to engage with countries and manufacturing hubs to ensure that the affordable supply and predictable demand are in balance; addressing country needs for health system strengthening through leveraging existing health and development platforms and delivering on product presentations informed by country needs. Even if difficult, we must converge on a definition of justice well in advance of the next pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Vaccination ; Vaccines ; Social Justice
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-011881
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Archetype analysis of older adult immunization decision-making and implementation in 34 countries.

    Privor-Dumm, Lois / Vasudevan, Prarthana / Kobayashi, Kana / Gupta, Jaya

    Vaccine

    2020  Volume 38, Issue 26, Page(s) 4170–4182

    Abstract: The global population of adults over 65 years of age is growing rapidly and is expected to double by 2050. Countries will face substantial health, economic and social burden deriving from vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) such as influenza, pneumonia ... ...

    Abstract The global population of adults over 65 years of age is growing rapidly and is expected to double by 2050. Countries will face substantial health, economic and social burden deriving from vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) such as influenza, pneumonia and herpes zoster in older adults. It will be essential that countries utilize several public health strategies, including immunization. Understanding the different approaches countries have taken on adult immunization could help provide future learnings and technical support for adult vaccines within life-course immunization strategies. In this study, we describe the priorities and approaches that underlie adult immunization decision-making and implementation processes in 32 high-and-middle-income countries and two territories ("34 countries") who recommend adult vaccines in their national schedule. We conducted an archetype analysis based on a subset of two dozen indicators abstracted from a larger database. The analysis was based on a mixed-methods study, including results from 120 key informant interviews in six countries and a landscape review of secondary data from 34 countries. We found four distinct archetypes: disease prevention-focused; health security-focused; evolving adult focus; and, child-focused and cost-sensitive. The highest performing countries belonged to the disease prevention-focused and health security archetypes, although there was a range of performance within each archetype. Considering common barriers and facilitators of decision-making and implementation of adult vaccines within a primary archetype could help provide a framework for strategies to support countries with similar needs and approaches. It can also help in developing context-specific policies and guidance, including for countries prioritizing adult immunization programs in light of COVID-19. Further research may be beneficial to further refine archetypes and expand the understanding of what influences success within them. This can help advance policies and action that will improve vaccine access for older adults and build a stronger appreciation of the value of immunization amongst a variety of stakeholders.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Communicable Disease Control/statistics & numerical data ; Decision Support Techniques ; Economics ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Politics
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Assessing vaccine introduction and uptake timelines in Gavi-supported countries: are introduction timelines accelerating across vaccine delivery platforms?

    Luthra, Karuna / Zimmermann Jin, Anna / Vasudevan, Prarthana / Kirk, Karen / Marzetta, Carol / Privor-Dumm, Lois

    BMJ global health

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 5

    Abstract: Background: Previous studies identified factors influencing regulatory approval to introduction timelines for individual vaccines. However, introduction and uptake timelines have not been comprehensively assessed across the portfolio of Gavi-supported ... ...

    Abstract Background: Previous studies identified factors influencing regulatory approval to introduction timelines for individual vaccines. However, introduction and uptake timelines have not been comprehensively assessed across the portfolio of Gavi-supported vaccines.
    Methods: We analysed median times between introduction milestones from vaccine licensure to country introduction and uptake across six vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), three delivery platforms and 69 Gavi-supported countries. Data were gathered from public, partner and manufacturer records. VPDs and prequalified vaccines analysed included
    Results: Median time from first vaccine licensure to first Gavi-supported country introduction across VPDs at a 'global level' (Gavi-supported countries) was 5.4 years. Once licensed, MenA vaccines reached first introduction fastest (campaign=0.6 years; routine immunisation (RI)=1.7 years). Most introductions were delayed. Country uptake following first introduction was accelerated for more recently Gavi-supported RI vaccines compared with older ones.
    Conclusion: Factors accelerating timelines across delivery platforms included rapid product prequalifications by WHO, strong initial recommendations by the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization, achieving target product profiles on first vaccine licensure within a VPD and completing several VPD milestones at a global level prior to licensure. Milestones required for introduction in Gavi-supported countries should start prior or in parallel to licensure to accelerate uptake of vaccines delivered through diverse delivery platforms.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Rotavirus Vaccines ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances Rotavirus Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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