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Article: Post-anesthesia catalepsy in an L.S.D. user.

Grossman, T M

1978 Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 123

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anesthesia, Dental/adverse effects ; Anesthetics/adverse effects ; Catalepsy/chemically induced ; Humans ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/adverse effects ; Male ; Substance-Related Disorders/complications
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (8NA5SWF92O)
Language	English
Publishing date	1978-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603800-1
ISSN	1878-7177 ; 0003-3006
ISSN (online)	1878-7177
ISSN	0003-3006
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The disparate impacts of college admissions policies on Asian American applicants.

Grossman, Joshua / Tomkins, Sabina / Page, Lindsay / Goel, Sharad

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 4449

Abstract: There is debate over whether Asian American students face additional barriers, relative to white students, when applying to selective colleges. Here we present the results from analyzing 685,709 applications submitted over five application cycles to 11 ... ...

Abstract	There is debate over whether Asian American students face additional barriers, relative to white students, when applying to selective colleges. Here we present the results from analyzing 685,709 applications submitted over five application cycles to 11 highly selective colleges (the "Ivy-11"). We estimate that Asian American applicants had 28% lower odds of ultimately attending an Ivy-11 school than white applicants with similar academic and extracurricular qualifications. The gap was particularly pronounced for students of South Asian descent (49% lower odds). Given the high yield rates and competitive financial aid policies of the schools we consider, the disparity in attendance rates is likely driven, at least in part, by admissions decisions. In particular, we offer evidence that this pattern stems from two factors. First, many selective colleges give preference to the children of alumni in admissions. We find that white applicants were substantially more likely to have such legacy status than Asian applicants. Second, we identify geographic disparities potentially reflective of admissions policies that disadvantage students from certain regions of the United States. We hope these results inform discussions on equity in higher education.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Asian ; Policy ; School Admission Criteria ; Students ; United States ; Universities
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-55119-0
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Book ; Online: Condensation in Dust-Enriched Systems

Ebel, Denton S. / Grossman, Lawrence

2023

Abstract: ... that of L chondrites prior to metal loss. With some exceptions, many chondrule glass compositions fall along ...

Abstract	Full chemical equilibrium calculations of the sequence of condensation of the elements from cosmic gases made by total vaporization of dust-enriched systems were performed to investigate the oxidation state of the resulting condensates. Computations included 23 elements and 374 gas species over a range of -3=log10(total P) to -6 bar and for enrichments to 1000x in dust of C1 chondritic composition relative to a system of solar composition. Because liquids are stable condensates in these systems, the MELTS non-ideal solution model for silicate liquids was used. Condensation at logP=-3 bar and dust enrichments of 100x, 500x and 1000x occurs at oxygen fugacities of IW-3.1, IW-1.7 and IW-1.2, respectively, and, at the temperature of cessation of direct condensation of olivine from the vapor, yields X(fayalite) of 0.019, 0.088 and 0.164, respectively. Silicate liquid is a stable condensate at dust enrichments >~12.5x at logP=-3. At 1000x, the Na and K oxide contents of the last liquid reach 10.1 and 1.3 wt%, respectively, at logP=-3 bar. At logP=-3 bar, iron sulfide liquids are stable condensates at dust enrichments at least as low as 500x, and the predicted distribution of Fe between metal, silicate and sulfide at 1310K and a dust enrichment of 560x matches that found in H chondrites, and at 1330K and 675x matches that of L chondrites prior to metal loss. With some exceptions, many chondrule glass compositions fall along bulk composition trajectories for liquids in equilibrium with cosmic gases at logP=-3 bar and dust enrichments between 600x and 1000x. If these chondrules formed by secondary melting of mixtures of condensates that formed at different T, nebular regions with characteristics such as these would have been necessary to prevent loss of Na by evaporation and FeO by reduction from the liquid precursors, assuming that liquids and gas were hot for enough time to have equilibrated. Comment: 58 pages, 19 figures, 8 tables
Keywords	Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ; Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ; Physics - Chemical Physics ; Physics - Geophysics
Subject code	660
Publishing date	2023-07-02
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Increasing Employee Physical Activity Using Goal Setting and a Smartphone App.

Fetherman, Debra L / Cebrick-Grossman, Joan

Health promotion practice

2024 , Page(s) 15248399241234067

Abstract: Physical inactivity is a high-priority public health issue in U.S. worksites. There is evidence ...

Abstract	Physical inactivity is a high-priority public health issue in U.S. worksites. There is evidence that physical activity (PA) goal-setting interventions can be effective. Smartphone apps have also been used to deliver accessible and appealing PA interventions. This article describes the use of goal setting and a no-cost PA smartphone app to pilot an 8-week PA intervention, Project Move 2.0, to increase PA among a nonprofit health and social assistance workforce. The community-based partnership identified intervention strategies that addressed moderators for setting PA goals: feedback, goal commitment, situational factors, and ability. The intervention included the use of a no-cost smartphone app for tracking steps/goal setting, an orientation/health education session, weekly text messages, as well as pre- and post-measures for goal setting for PA behaviors and an intervention evaluation questionnaire. There is limited knowledge on the practical aspects of applying goal setting and the use of a no-cost smartphone app to increase employee PA through a workplace PA intervention. Applying goal setting and the use of a no-cost smartphone app shows promise for workplace health promoters to successfully address employee PA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036801-X
ISSN	1552-6372 ; 1524-8399
ISSN (online)	1552-6372
ISSN	1524-8399
DOI	10.1177/15248399241234067
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Article ; Online: Showing high-achieving college applicants past admissions outcomes increases undermatching.

Tomkins, Sabina / Grossman, Joshua / Page, Lindsay / Goel, Sharad

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2023 Volume 120, Issue 45, Page(s) e2306017120

Abstract: More than 40% of US high school students have access to Naviance, a proprietary tool designed to guide college search and application decisions. The tool displays, for individual colleges, the standardized test scores, grade-point averages, and ... ...

Abstract	More than 40% of US high school students have access to Naviance, a proprietary tool designed to guide college search and application decisions. The tool displays, for individual colleges, the standardized test scores, grade-point averages, and admissions outcomes of past applicants from a student's high school, so long as a sufficient number of students from previous cohorts applied to a given college. This information is intended to help students focus their efforts on applying to the most suitable colleges, but it may also influence application decisions in undesirable ways. Using data on 70,000 college applicants across 220 public high schools, we assess the effects of access to Naviance on application undermatch, or applying only to schools for which a candidate is academically overqualified. By leveraging variation in the year that high schools adopted the tool, we estimate that Naviance increased application undermatching by more than 50% among 17,000 high-achieving students in our dataset. This phenomenon may be due to increased conservatism: Students may be less likely to apply to colleges when they know their academic qualifications fall below the average of admitted students from their high school. These results illustrate how information on college competitiveness, when not appropriately presented and contextualized, can lead to unintended consequences.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Universities ; Schools ; Students
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2306017120
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Article ; Online: Bacterial hemophilin homologs and their specific type eleven secretor proteins have conserved roles in heme capture and are diversifying as a family.

Grossman, Alex S / Gell, David A / Wu, Derek G / Carper, Dana L / Hettich, Robert L / Goodrich-Blair, Heidi

Journal of bacteriology

2024 , Page(s) e0044423

Abstract: Cellular life relies on enzymes that require metals, which must be acquired from extracellular sources. Bacteria utilize surface and secreted proteins to acquire such valuable nutrients from their environment. These include the cargo proteins of the type ...

Abstract	Cellular life relies on enzymes that require metals, which must be acquired from extracellular sources. Bacteria utilize surface and secreted proteins to acquire such valuable nutrients from their environment. These include the cargo proteins of the type eleven secretion system (T11SS), which have been connected to host specificity, metal homeostasis, and nutritional immunity evasion. This Sec-dependent, Gram-negative secretion system is encoded by organisms throughout the phylum Proteobacteria, including human pathogens
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2968-3
ISSN	1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
ISSN (online)	1098-5530
ISSN	0021-9193
DOI	10.1128/jb.00444-23
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Article: Evidence of Constrained Divergence and Conservatism in Climatic Niches of the Temperate Maples (Acer L.)

Grossman, Jake J

Forests. 2021 Apr. 26, v. 12, no. 5

2021

Abstract: ... phylogenies has made it possible to compare the climatic niches of the temperate maple (Acer L.) taxa and ... and West Asia), over a roughly 60-million-year period. During this time, the Earth’s climate ... conservatism in the genus’s radiation out of East Asia. Materials and Methods: I assembled global occurrence ...

Abstract	Research highlights: The availability of global distribution data and new, fossil-calibrated phylogenies has made it possible to compare the climatic niches of the temperate maple (Acer L.) taxa and assess phylogenetic and continental patterns in niche overlap. Background and Objectives: The maples have radiated from East Asia into two other temperate continental bioregions, North America and Eurasia (Europe and West Asia), over a roughly 60-million-year period. During this time, the Earth’s climate experienced pronounced cooling and drying, culminating in cyclic periods of widespread temperate glaciation in the Pliocene to Pleistocene. The objective of this study is to use newly available data to model the climatic niches of 60% of the temperate maples and assess patterns of niche divergence, constraint, and conservatism in the genus’s radiation out of East Asia. Materials and Methods: I assembled global occurrence data and associated climatic information for 71 maple taxa, including all species endemic to temperate North America and Eurasia and their closely related East Asian congeners. I constructed Maxent niche models for all taxa and compared the climatic niches of 184 taxa pairs and assessed phylogenetic signal in key niche axes for each taxon and in niche overlap at the continental and global scale. Results: Maxent models define a fundamental climatic niche for temperate maples and suggest that drought-intolerant taxa have been lost from the Eurasian maple flora, with little continental difference in temperature optima or breadth. Niche axes and niche overlap show minimal evidence of phylogenetic signal, suggesting adaptive evolution. Pairwise niche comparisons reveal infrequent niche overlap continentally and globally, even among sister pairs, with few taxa pairs sharing ecological niche space, providing evidence for constrained divergence within the genus’s fundamental climatic niche. Evidence of niche conservatism is limited to three somewhat geographically isolated regions of high maple diversity (western North America, the Caucasus, and Japan). Conclusions: Over 60 million years of hemispheric radiation on a cooling and drying planet, the maple genus experienced divergent, though constrained, climatic niche evolution. High climatic niche diversity across spatial and phylogenetic scales along with very limited niche overlap or conservatism suggests that the radiation of the genus has largely been one of adaptive diversification.
Keywords	Acer ; Japan ; Pleistocene epoch ; Pliocene epoch ; climate ; cooling ; evolutionary adaptation ; flora ; geographical distribution ; glaciation ; niche conservatism ; niches ; phylogeny ; temperature ; Caucasus region ; Eurasia ; Europe ; North America ; West Asia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0426
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f12050535
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A Pregnant Adolescent with COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Trostle, Megan E / Grossman, Tracy B / Penfield, Christina A / Phoon, Colin K L / Raabe, Vanessa N / Sloane, Mark F / Roman, Ashley S

AJP reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e66–e68

Abstract: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a new condition related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the pediatric population, was recognized by physicians in the United Kingdom in April 2020. Given those up to the age of 21 years can ...

Abstract	Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a new condition related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the pediatric population, was recognized by physicians in the United Kingdom in April 2020. Given those up to the age of 21 years can be affected, pregnant adolescents and young adults are susceptible. However, there is scant information on how MIS-C may affect pregnancy and whether the presentation differs in the pregnant population. We report a case of a pregnant adolescent with COVID-19 and MIS-C with a favorable outcome. This case highlights the considerations in managing a critically ill pregnant patient with a novel illness and the importance of a multidisciplinary team in coordinating care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2628074-7
ISSN	2157-7005 ; 2157-6998
ISSN (online)	2157-7005
ISSN	2157-6998
DOI	10.1055/s-0044-1779032
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Article ; Online: The Pandemic Response Commons.

Trunnell, Matthew / Frankenberger, Casey / Hota, Bala / Hughes, Troy / Martinov, Plamen / Ravichandran, Urmila / Shah, Nirav S / Grossman, Robert L

JAMIA open

2024 Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) ooae025

Abstract: Objectives: A data commons is a software platform for managing, curating, analyzing, and sharing data with a community. The Pandemic Response Commons (PRC) is a data commons designed to provide a data platform for researchers studying an epidemic or ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: A data commons is a software platform for managing, curating, analyzing, and sharing data with a community. The Pandemic Response Commons (PRC) is a data commons designed to provide a data platform for researchers studying an epidemic or pandemic. Methods: The PRC was developed using the open source Gen3 data platform and is based upon consortium, data, and platform agreements developed by the not-for-profit Open Commons Consortium. A formal consortium of Chicagoland area organizations was formed to develop and operate the PRC. Results: The consortium developed a general PRC and an instance of it for the Chicagoland region called the Chicagoland COVID-19 Commons. A Gen3 data platform was set up and operated with policies, procedures, and controls for a NIST SP 800-53 revision 4 Moderate system. A consensus data model for the commons was developed, and a variety of datasets were curated, harmonized and ingested, including statistical summary data about COVID cases, patient level clinical data, and SARS-CoV-2 viral variant data. Discussion and conclusions: Given the various legal and data agreements required to operate a data commons, a PRC is designed to be in place and operating at a low level prior to the occurrence of an epidemic, with the activities increasing as required during an epidemic. A regional instance of a PRC can also be part of a broader data ecosystem or data mesh consisting of multiple regional commons supporting pandemic response through sharing regional data.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-2531
ISSN (online)	2574-2531
DOI	10.1093/jamiaopen/ooae025
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Article ; Online: Navigating the U.S. regulatory landscape for neurologic digital health technologies.

Busis, Neil A / Marolia, Dilshad / Montgomery, Robert / Balcer, Laura J / Galetta, Steven L / Grossman, Scott N

NPJ digital medicine

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 94

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2398-6352
ISSN (online)	2398-6352
DOI	10.1038/s41746-024-01098-5
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